INDEKS MASSA TUBUH, LINGKAR PINGGANG, DAN RASIO LINGKAR PINGGANG TINGGI BADAN SEBAGAI PREDIKSI HIPERTENSI PADA PEGAWAI

Pengukuran tekanan darah yang akurat dilakukan dengan menggunakan sebuah alat yaitu mercury sphygmomanometer. Namun, terdapat keterbatasan seperti dilakukan oleh tenaga terlatih, cenderung mahal, dan berpotensi menimbulkan kontaminasi logam berat akibat kebocoran air raksa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengukuran antropometri berupa IMT, lingkar pinggang, dan RLPT terhadap tekanan darah. Disain studi adalah cross sectional dengan sampel 89 laki-laki dan 77 perempuan yang diambil dengan teknik systematic random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RLPT pada laki-laki dan perempuan merupakan pengukuran alternatif terbaik untuk mendeteksi hipertensi pada usia dewasa

Blood pressure and intra-ocular pressure in a sample of young professional footballers in Benin City, Nigeria

Background: Some studies have demonstrated that football players may be at risk for clinically relevant increases in blood pressure (BP). BP is often associated with intraocular pressure (IOP). However, there is scarce literature on BP and IOP in football athletes. The aim of this investigation was therefore to study BP and IOP in young professional footballers and non-athletes.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among nineteen (19) professional male football athletes of 18-28 years old; and nineteen (19) matched controls who were not active in any sports. All measurements were taken between 3 pm and 6 pm to lessen the effects of diurnal variations on IOP. Case history was first carried out to ascertain if the subjects were suitable for the study. Non-athletic subjects were matched with athletes according to sex, age, body mass index and random blood sugar. BP was measured in the right arm of each subject in sitting position with a mercury sphygmomanometer. IOP was measured in both eyes with a Schiotz tonometer.Results: Compared to non-athletes, the professional football athletes had significantly higher mean systolic BP (p=0.003), diastolic BP (p=0.030) and IOP (p=0.036). There was no correlation between IOP and systolic or diastolic BP in the football athletes (p>0.05).Conclusions: The young professional footballers were more predisposed to high blood pressure and ocular hypertension than the matched controls.

DETERMINING BASELINE BLOOD PRESSSURE IN PATIENTS FOR ELECTIVE SURGICAL PROCEDURES AT VARIOUS PRE-ANESTHETIC VISITS

Background: Blood pressure (BP) is volatile in nature and also it affects post-operative outcomes therefore, regular perioperative BP monitoring is essential. Intraoperative variability of BP is permitted in range and proportion to baseline BP according to various guidelines. Pre-operatively BP is measured many times and it is highly variable. In this study we attempt to predict which pre-operative BP can be used as reference during intraoperative monitoring. Methods: This observational study was conducted at hamidia hospital, Bhopal. 260 normotensive patients undergoing elective surgery who got clearance during PAC were enrolled. BP was measured by gold standard mercury sphygmomanometer in PAC clinic (PAC1), review PAC one day prior to surgery (PAC2), morning BP in preoperative room (POR) and inside OT room (IOR) before surgery. Results: In 260 enrolled patients males were slightly predominant 52.31%. Mean age was 34.68±11.63 years. Mean of Systolic BP (SBP) during PAC1, PAC2, Morning BP in POR and IOR prior surgery were 122.85±8.24, 118.18±8.08, 123.06±8.24 and 135.73±10.24 respectively and was significant (P<0.001). Mean of heart rate (HR/minute) during PAC1, PAC2, Morning BP in POR and IOR prior surgery were 79.77±7.22, 78.90±7.44, 80.40±7.49 and 89.15±7.60 respectively and was significant (P<0.001). Conclusions: Aaaaaa Due to stress of surgery SBP and HR were significantly higher in IOR just prior surgery. Also, BP of PAC2 at ward was lowest though not significantly lower than BP in PAC1 or POR. Thus, BP of PAC2 can be used as an ideal reference BP but larger study is required for further generalization. Keywords: Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Mean Blood Pressure

A device employing a neural network for blood pressure estimation from the oscillatory pressure pulse wave and PPG signal

Purpose Wrist-cuff oscillometric blood pressure monitors are very popular in the portable medical device market. However, its accuracy has always been controversial. In addition to the oscillatory pressure pulse wave, the finger photoplethysmography (PPG) can provide information on blood pressure changes. A blood pressure measurement system integrating the information of pressure pulse wave and the finger PPG may improve measurement accuracy. Additionally, a neural network can synthesize the information of different types of signals and approximate the complex nonlinear relationship between inputs and outputs. The purpose of this study is to verify the hypothesis that a wrist-cuff device using a neural network for blood pressure estimation from both the oscillatory pressure pulse wave and PPG signal may improve the accuracy. Design/methodology/approach A PPG sensor was integrated into a wrist blood pressure monitor, so the finger PPG and the oscillatory pressure wave could be detected at the same time during the measurement. After the peak detection, curves were fitted to the data of pressure pulse amplitude and PPG pulse amplitude versus time. A genetic algorithm-back propagation neural network was constructed. Parameters of the curves were inputted into the neural network, the outputs of which were the measurement values of blood pressure. Blood pressure measurements of 145 subjects were obtained using a mercury sphygmomanometer, the developed device with the neural network algorithm and an Omron HEM-6111 blood pressure monitor for comparison. Findings For the systolic blood pressure (SBP), the difference between the proposed device and the mercury sphygmomanometer is 0.0062 ± 2.55 mmHg (mean ± SD) and the difference between the Omron device and the mercury sphygmomanometer is 1.13 ± 9.48 mmHg. The difference in diastolic blood pressure between the mercury sphygmomanometer and the proposed device was 0.28 ± 2.99 mmHg. The difference in diastolic blood pressure between the mercury sphygmomanometer and Omron HEM-6111 was −3.37 ± 7.53 mmHg. Originality/value Although the difference in the SBP error between the proposed device and Omron HEM-6111 was not remarkable, there was a significant difference between the proposed device and Omron HEM-6111 in the diastolic blood pressure error. The developed device showed an improved performance. This study was an attempt to enhance the accuracy of wrist-cuff oscillometric blood pressure monitors by using the finger PPG and the neural network. The hardware framework constructed in this study can improve the conventional wrist oscillometric sphygmomanometer and may be used for continuous measurement of blood pressure.

Respon akut tekanan darah akibat konsumsi kopi pada wanita sehat

Background: Coffee contains caffeine. Caffeine is the main component that influences the response of the cardiovascular system and blood pressure (BP). Acute response of coffee to increased BP is related to caffeine.Objectives: This study aims to analyze the acute response of coffee consumption on BP in healthy females therefore coffee is an alternative therapy for hypotension.Methods: The research design was a clinical trial. Treatment: black coffee, Gayo’s Arabica, 10 mg, coffee brewed with 150 ml of boiling water, without sugar. BP was examined using a mercury sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. BP each subject was examined twice and averaged. BP was checked 3 times: before, 30, and 60 minutes after coffee consumption. All subjects were non-coffee drinkers. A total of 20 healthy female, 18-20 years old were divided into two groups: the non-intervention (n=9) and intervention (n=11). Data was analyzed by independent and paired sample t-test.Results: Coffee increased systolic 10-20 mmHg (14.09%) and diastolic 3.64 mmHg. Coffee lowers 36.36% of subjects with hypotension. There was no difference between systolic pre-test (101.11±12.69 vs 100.00±10.00 mmHg; p=0.83) and 30 minutes post-intervention (102.22±13.01 vs 101.82±9.82 mmHg; p=0.94). There were a significant differences in systolic after 60 minutes post-intervention (103.33±11.18 vs 114.09±5.84 mmHg; p=0.01*) between non-intervention and intervention. There was no difference between diastolic pretest (70.00±5.59 vs. 68.18±6.03 mmHg; p=0.49), 30 minutes (70.59±5.27 vs. 70.00±6.33 mmHg; p=0.83), and 60 minutes post-intervention (70.00±5.59 vs. 71.82±4.04 mmHg; p=0.41) between non-intervention and intervention. Data showed that systolic was significantly different (p=0.00*) after 60 minutes of coffee consumption in the intervention group. Conclusion: The acute response of coffee consumption to systolic increases was after 60 minutes and not 30 minutes of coffee consumption. Coffee doesn’t affect diastolic in healthy women, but it needs further research.

Validation of the wrist blood pressure measuring device Omron RS6 (HEM-6221-E) among obese Sudanese patients according to the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol Revision 2010

Background: Electronic devices for measuring blood pressure (BP) need to go through independent clinical validation as recommended by different authorities, both in general and specific populations. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the Omron RS6 (HEM-6221-E) wrist oscillometric devices in obese Sudanese patients. Methods: Of 90 obese individuals invited for recruitment, 33 were included in the study, and had their BP at the level of the wrist measured using Omron RS6 and standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Two observations were made and the mean was taken. BP differences between the two methods for the 33 participants were classified into three categories (≤5, ≤10, and ≤15 mmHg), according to the European Society of Hypertension-International Protocol revision 2010 (ESH-IP2) criteria. This was then used to assess the validity of the tested Omron RS6 device. Results: Participants had a mean age of 56.97 years (standard deviation (SD), 8.75; range, 36-79). Average systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 146.21 mmHg (SD, 23.07; range, 107-182), and average diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 93.82 mmHg (SD, 16.06; range, 67-128). There was a good agreement between the two observations using the OMRON RS6 and the standard sphygmomanometer: −4 to + 3 mmHg for SBP and −4 to +4 mmHg for DBP, with the mean difference of 1.73±1.11 mmHg for SBP and 1.49±1.02 mmHg for DBP. Conclusion: Thus, the Omron RS6 (HEM-6221-E) is a valid and suitable measure of BP according to ESH-IP2.

Results of a project to calibrate mercury sphygmomanometer blood pressure-measuring devices in Egypt

Hypertension (HTN) is a common health problem and a major cardiovascular risk factor. Accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP) is mandatory for proper diagnosis and follow-up. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of mercury sphygmomanometer BP-measuring devices in public hospitals in Cairo, Egypt. Fifty public hospitals were included, and 10% of all mercury sphygmomanometer devices in each hospital were tested. Assessment included physical condition (e.g., mercury status, lid of the device, state of the rubber tubes), leakage rate, and calibration accuracy (as compared with a reference device). Devices were approved as accurate when they could successfully pass all three assessment tests. The total number of sphygmomanometer devices was 465. The overall pass rate was 1.3% (six devices). Twenty-five (5.2%) devices passed all of the physical tests, 50 (10.8%) passed the leakage test, and 50 (16.5%) passed the calibration accuracy test. There were 162 (34.8%) devices that showed a high leakage rate (>80 mmHg) and thus were not tested for calibration accuracy. In conclusion, most of the mercury sphygmomanometer devices in hospitals are neglected and not checked regularly for any errors. A plan should be made to gradually replace those failed devices with new, validated, and well-calibrated devices, preferably devices that do not contain mercury.