Abstract
Background: In an aging society, osteoporotic vertebral fracture will continue to rise. Multiple myeloma is mostly developed in elderly, so there is also a possibility to increase the number of multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma patients tend to have osteolysis lesion especially in the vertebral, so they are easy to injury vertebral fractures. In the medical care of osteoporotic vertebral fracture, it is not rare that we meet with undiagnosed multiple myeloma, but there are few reports of the symptom and frequency of the patients with multiple myeloma included in osteoporotic vertebral fracture. In multiple myeloma patients, early treatments improve consequence. So early medical examination by orthopaedist is clinically important. The purpose of this study is to investigate the symptom and frequency of the patients with multiple myeloma included in osteoporotic vertebral fracture. Methods: Between April 2016 and March 2017, 145 patients was diagnosed osteoporotic vertebral fracture, among these, the 108 patients was chosen with use of our criteria. Among these 108 patients, we examined blood examinations, Bence Jones proteins in urine, monoclonal protein on serum and numbers of vertebral fracture at the first visit to a doctor. Results: 6.5% (7/108) patients was diagnosed with symptomatic multiple myeloma. The rate between 75 to 84 years old patients was 5.1%, over the 85 years old was 8.2%. In the 7 patients, the mean age was 85, hemoglobin was 7.8g/dL and albumin-globulin ratio was 0.83, that was low value in all 7 patients. Existing vertebral lesion was 6.0 bodies. Conclusions: Multiple bone lesions or early refracture of vertebral is positively suspicious symptom of MM. The measurement of electrophoresis of protein, albumin-globulin ratio is recommended with vertebral lesion in elderly. The MM patients having bone lesion are likely to first visit orthopaedist, so it is necessary to positively considerate this pathophysiology.