Geodetic benchmark displacement measurements following the 2020 Petrinja earthquake in Croatia

<p>The earthquake with magnitude ML=6.2 that occurred on 29th December 2020 has caused significant material damage to objects and infrastructure in the towns of Petrinja, Sisak,Glina and the surrounding area. According to the satellite interferometry data, the coseismic and postseismic deformation area covers around 500 square kilometers. The existing geodetic benchmarks have been set in the affected towns, and their coordinates have been determined based on previous GPS campaigns. The GPS network was set up and adjusted at the State Geodetic Administration's request for geodetic monitoring of infrastructure and cadastral projects. These points are not primarily intended for high accuracy measurements at the level of a few millimeters, so their accuracy and the absolute shift concerning geodynamic processes in the region should be taken into account. Nevertheless, the data obtained by their observation after the earthquake can provide valuable information about the horizontal and vertical displacements with a certain level of confidence. The field survey has detected disappearance of a large number of benchmarks and some valuable information has been lost. Still, 58 points were found and observed and it has been concluded that 52 points are reliable and can be used for future research. Because the network of benchmarks is not developed in rural areas, there is a gap in the distribution of benchmarks in affected area. Therefore, the additional data was collected using the benchmarks established for the engineering and cadastral projects and studies. From a total of 67 points that have been found and observed, 42 points will be used. Along with the data collected in urban areas, there will be a total of 94 benchmarks. The accuracy of the geodetic benchmark measurements is at the centimeter level, while the values of deformation are at the level of a few decimeters. Therefore, the obtained data can be used to better assess the displacement recorded during the 29 December 2020 event. In the future, field research will focus on finding additional benchmarks to reach a better spatial distribution.</p>

Solid-state 119Sn NMR and M¨ossbauer Spectroscopic Studies of the Intermediate-valent Stannide CeRuSn

The ternary stannide CeRuSn is a static mixed-valent cerium compound with an ordering of trivalent and intermediate-valent cerium on two distinct crystallographic sites. 119Sn Mössbauer spectra showed two electronically almost identical tin atoms at 323 K, while at 298 K and below (77 and 4:2 K) two tin sites can clearly be distinguished. Solid-state 119Sn NMR experiments were performed to probe the local hyperfine fields at the two different Sn sites. Powder 119Sn NMR spectra are nicely fitted with two Sn sites with nearly the same magnetic anisotropy, but with different absolute shift values. Both Sn sites are strongly affected by crossover-like transitions between 100 and 280 K. This local-site study confirms the superstructure modulations found in previous investigations. Towards lower temperatures the powder NMR spectra are broadened giving strong precursor evidence for the antiferromagnetically ordered ground state.

WV Walks: Replication With Expanded Reach

Background:WV Walks replicated the Wheeling Walks community-wide campaign methodology to promote physical activity.Methods:A social marketing intervention promoted walking among insufficiently active 40- to 65-year-olds throughout the television media market in north-central West Virginia. The intervention included participatory planning, an 8-week mass media-based campaign, and policy and environmental activities. Pre and post random-digit-dial cohort telephone surveys were conducted at baseline and immediately postcampaign in intervention and comparison regions.Results:The campaign resulted in maximal message awareness in north-central WV and demonstrated a significant increase in walking behavior represented by an absolute shift of 12% of the target population from insufficiently active to active (≥30 minutes, 5 days per week), versus the comparison community (adjusted odds ratio 1.82, CI: 1.05−3.17). Policy and environmental changes were also evident.Conclusions:This replication study increases our confidence that the initial effects observed in the Wheeling Walks intervention are generalizable to other similar rural communities.

Postoperative Assessment of Surgical Clip Position in 16 Dogs With Cancer: A Pilot Study

Metallic hemoclips or surgical staples were inserted in 16 tumor-bearing dogs at the time of surgical resection of the tumor. Orthogonal radiographs were taken immediately postoperatively and after wound healing to visualize the location and number of hemoclips or metallic staples. A shift in hemoclip/staple position was identified in nine dogs, mainly from positioning during radiography. In three dogs, an absolute shift in marker position was identified. Based on this study, it appears that the placement of surgical clips is potentially useful in identifying the tumor bed, which may be of benefit in establishing radiation treatment fields.

Effect of Selected Psychological Characteristics upon Choice-Shift Patterns Found within Hierarchical Groups of Public Accountants

The goals of this study were to examine, first, the relationship between choice shift and three psychological variables (social desirability, locus of control, and moral reasoning) and, second, the influence of these and subjects' employment position on the choice-shift phenomenon within the context of a professional accounting setting. The sample of 60 subjects (four auditors per group, each holding different employment ranks within their firms, yielding 15 groups, each from a different small to medium size CPA firm), participated in three group decision-making tasks related to common accounting and auditing risk-assessment issues. The exercise consisted of three iterations of a standard choice-shift exercise followed by three standardized tests to measure the selected psychological characteristics. Analysis indicated that choice shifts were not significantly affected by subjects' psychological characteristics. Instead, subjects' position in an organization influenced choice shift, and the higher the position, the less absolute shift shown.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Experiments on Acetals. 35. Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectra and Quantitative Conformational Analysis of 4-Fluoromethylated-6-Me-1,3-dioxanes

4-Substituted ([Formula: see text] and CH2F)-6-Me-1,3-dioxanes together with model derivatives (cis- and trans-4-CHnF3−n-6-t. Bu-1,3-dioxane, and 2-Me-4,6-disubstituted 1,3-dioxanes) were prepared and their p.m.r. spectra analyzed, using i.a. INDOR techniques. Special features which correlate configuration and p.m.r. data are discussed and especially the fluorine–hydrogen (long-range) couplings have been studied. From vicinal (ring) coupling data (using appropriate models), from the vicinal exo-couplings 3J(H4,CF3−nHn) and from absolute shift values, the equilibria were obtained in the conformational heterogenous trans-4-CHnF3−n-6-Me-1,3-dioxanes (n = 0 → 2). The results, according to the different methods, are mutually in excellent agreement, as is also the case for ΔG0(CF3), obtained approximately from dipole moment measurements. The anomeric effect is pronounced, and the conformer with the axial fluoromethylated substituent is the preferred one (CF3:76%; CF2H:62%) at room temperature in CS2. For CH2F the contrary seems to be the case (presumably for entropy reasons also). Finally ΔH0(chair–twist) was evaluated at 3.7 kcal/mol [Formula: see text] using 2J(H2) criteria in trans-4-CF3-6-t. Bu-1,3-dioxane.