Gendered cities: Studying urban gender bias through street names

This paper uses text analysis to measure gender bias in cities through the use of street names. Focusing on the case of Spain, we collect data on 15 million street names to analyze gender inequality in urban toponyms. We calculate for each Spanish municipality and each year from 2001 to 2020 a variable measuring the percentage of streets with female names over the total number of streets with male and female names. Our results reveal a strong gender imbalance in Spanish cities: the percentage of streets named after women over the total named after men and women is only 12% in 2020. We also observe that there are substantial differences across the Spanish regions, and concerning new streets, gender bias is lower but still far from parity. The second part of the paper analyzes the correlation of our indicator of gender bias in street names with the cultural factor it is supposed to capture, with the results suggesting that it constitutes a useful cultural measure of gender inequality at the city level. This research has policy implications since it helps to measure a relevant phenomenon, given the strong symbolic power attributed to street names, which has been elusive to quantify so far.

PRODUCTIVITY AND ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY OF UPLAND RICE FARMING IN THE PROVINCE OF MAGUINDANO

kadon, daud d. 2019.Productivity and ecological sustainability of upland rice farming in the province of maguindano.Doctoral dissertation. Graduate school, university of southern mindanao, kabacan, cotabato. 184 pp. Major adviser: palasig u. Ampang, ph.d. The research study was conducted to determine the productivity and ecological sustainability of upland rice farming system in the province of maguindanao. One hundred three (103) farmers from 26 barangays of the province constituted the respondents. Descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression statistical tools were utilized. The test of hypotheses was set at 5% level of significance. The results revealed that upland farmers were generally males, married and were at least in their early 40s and finished intermediate education a family size ranging from 4 to 6 members had an income within the bracket of php 62,000 to 111,999 engaged in farming for a period of 17 to 24 years and were tilling 1 to 2 hectares of land but were non-members of agriculture-related organizations/association and had no trainings attended. Credit accessibility was never accessed rolling land was devoted to upland rice production. Tenurial status and membership in organization were found best significant predictors of the productivity of upland rice farming while age, civil status and number of trainings attended were found best significant predictors of ecological sustainability of upland rice farming. The socio-economic environment such as the source of information was found as the best significant predictors of the productivity of upland rice farming in the province of maguindanao. On bio-physical environment, soil type and cultural measure were found to have a significant influence on the productivity of upland rice farming in the province of maguindanao while level of destruction of insects, pests, diseases, rodents, birds and wild animals, seed selection, cropping pattern, cultural measure, mechanical measure and management of rice stubbles after harvest were found to significantly influence on the ecological sustainability of upland rice farming in the province of maguindanao.

The Importance of Cultural Traits in Children’s Willingness to Provide Informal Care to a Parent

The likelihood that a child will provide informal care to a parent varies across countries and between social groups within countries. We highlight the importance of cultural traits in children’s value of informal care and their willingness to provide informal care to a parent. We initially construct a cultural measure of the strength of family ties at the country level using data from the World Values Survey. Then, we use a sample of second-generation immigrants from the German Family Panel (N=1,041) and regress their value of informal care on the strength of family ties that prevails in their parents’ country of origin. Immigrants who have origins in countries with strong family ties are significantly more likely to report a high value of informal care. Finally, we show that children who report a high value of informal care are significantly more likely to provide informal care to a parent in need. Part of a symposium sponsored by the International Aging and Migration Interest Group.

La Satisfaction Dans Les Études : Validation De L’échelle De Vallerand Et Bissonnette (1990) Et Son Impact Sur Le Travail Scolaire Perçu Des Lycéens

This study not only attempts to validate a cross-cultural measure of satisfaction in Canadian-inspired high school studies among Togolese students, but also to ascertain the effects of academic satisfaction on their perception of their school work. To achieve this double objective, 644 high school students have agreed to participate in the survey and to appreciate their school work. The results relating to the psychometric properties of the scale support those obtained by the authors during its construction. In addition, school satisfaction has been foundational in the psychogenetic understanding of school work.

A Cross-Cultural Measure of Servant Leadership Behaviors

This chapter presents items comprising three scales that measure servant leadership using three key dimensions: service, humility, and vision. The instrument was used to measure servant leadership behaviors experienced by followers in the United States and Ghana. Reliability and validity evidence is included from two research studies. A discussion of the relationship of servant leadership behaviors with employee outcomes assessed in these studies concludes the chapter.