Menanamkan Nilai Kesabaran di dalam Keluarga pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

This article describes strategies to instill the value of patience in families during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This is very necessary because during the Covid-19 pandemic there was a problem of impatience between family members. The strategy of cultivating the value of patience is of course carried out with a Christian religious education approach in the family, meaning that the values of patience are taught by parents to their children. This article describes a problem-solving strategy based on John 15: 1-10, imitating Jesus' teaching to the disciples to be patient with the problems they will face in the future. The goal is that family members during the Covid-19 pandemic will continue to live patiently in Christ. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach.

MAKNA BUDAYA ETIKA TABEA PADA ETNIK MUNA DI KELURAHAN NAPABALANO KECAMATAN NAPALANO KABUPATEN MUNA

The problem in this research is how the cultural meaning of tabea ethics in ethnic Muna in Napabalano Village, Napabalano District, Muna Regency. This study aims to examine the cultural meaning of tabea ethics in Muna ethnic groups in Napabalano Village, Napabalano District, Muna Regency. This research is a qualitative descriptive study through direct interviews with religious leaders and traditional figures in the Napabalano Village. The results of this study indicate that the meaning of (1) the Tabea tradition is the customary language of politeness / behavior which means excuse me, namely the more subtle greeting words that are generally spoken when passing in front of people, especially those we respect, friends, friends, parents, or anyone we respect. (2) The word tabea is followed by a downward movement of the right hand towards the ground or ground, the meaning of the behavior of such muna area people is that the word tabea is a symbol of the effort to appreciate and respect anyone in front of us, we should not do what we want. (3) The cultural meaning of Tabea on ethnic Muna in Napabalano Village, Napabalano District, Muna Regency, namely a) Cultural Meaning, b) Social Meaning, c) Education Meaning, d) Family Meaning.

Trough Equity Crowdfunding Evolution and Involution: Initial Coin Offering and Initial Exchange Offering

This article analyzes two of the last innovative financing instruments of the crowdfunding family: Initial Coin Offering (ICO) and Initial Exchange Offering (IEO). Having both a potential financial nature, they will be addressed as «sons» of Equity-based Crowdfunding (EBCF). The main scope of this paper is to show opportunities and dangers of ICO and IEO through a comparison with EBCF. Indeed, at the end of the analysis it will be possible to understand if ICO and IEO can be considered as positive evolution of EBCF or — at least one of them — can be considered so dangerous to appear as a sort of «involution».In order to answer our question, the discussion firstly focuses on EBCF, the innovative financing instrument being one of the most important figures of the «crowdfunding family». Its importance lies in its financial nature that makes this instrument different from the other models (meaning the donation, reward and lending). Participating in an EBCF-campaign, indeed, lets participants become shareholders of the company they are giving money to. So, the main pros and cons of the participation in an EBCF campaign will be disclosed. In particular, granting easier access to capitals together with the possibility to benefit from the so-called «wisdom of the crowd» allowed EBCF to become one of the most innovative financing tools of our age. However, these advantages need to be mitigated with the main risks occurring during a crowdfunding campaign. These are: moral hazard and frauds, arbitrary exclusion during pre-emptive screening by platform and, last but not least, illiquidity.Therefore, the discussion moves to the technological advanced new entry of the crowdfunding family, meaning ICO and IEO. In order to understand why ICO and IEO are so similar to EBCF, both the main characteristic of these instruments will be described. With reference to ICO, first of all this article provides a brief description of the technology that makes this innovative financing tool the advanced «son» of EBCF. Indeed, through the launch of an ICO, a company asks the crowd a precise amount of money in exchange of a «token»: an informatic instrument through which the participant may exercise also some financial rights towards the company. From this point of view, an ICO-campaign is very similar to an EBCF one, lying the main difference in the technological solutions used, the queen on those is blockchain. Furthermore, ICO characteristic will be outlined in order to disclose its functioning — meaning the relation with blockchain and smart contracts — and the different models of tokens.After that, also IEO will be described. IEO could be considered one of the last variants of ICO. The main difference, indeed, lies in the fact that IEO campaigns are not conducted in the website owned by the company but in a specific platform, that is a crypto-asset exchange.The exam of ICO and IEO potentialities (i.e. programmability, disintermediation and tokenization) will highlight how ICO and IEO may solve most of the mentioned EBCF cons. This will lead to the potential consideration of ICO and IEO as evolution of EBCF. However, also ICO and IEO cons will be highlighted (meaning lack of transparency, not clear regulatory regime and, for IEO in particular, dangerous proximity with investors and potential conflict of interest). From the comparison between ICO and IEO pros and cons it will be possible to discuss on if we are really in front of two evolution of EBCF or nearer to an «involution» of this instrument, considering regulatory solutions in order to avoid this second scenario.

“I thought they should know… that daddy is not completely gone”

This study aimed to explore the experiences, responses, and conceptualizations of sense of presence experiences in bereavement in terms of family meaning-making. A case study framework was chosen, using group and individual interviews and ethnographically derived observations in a father-bereaved family in the south of England. Interview data were analyzed by applying both phenomenological and social constructionist perspectives to the same data set. It was observed that there was a division between the mother, who had derived much personal benefit from sense of presence experiences, and the children, who dismissed the experiences as incompatible with their own worldviews and how they made sense of their father’s death.