On the Shapes of the Polish Word: Phonotactic Complexity and Diversity

The aim of this contribution is to identify the dominant shapes of the Polish word with reference to three criteria: cluster complexity (i.e., cluster size), saturation (the number of clusters in a word), and diversity (in terms of features of consonant description). The dominant word shape is understood as the most frequent or typical skeletal pattern, expressed by means of alternations or groupings of Cs (consonants) and Vs (vowels), e.g., CVCCV etc., or by means of specific features (of place, manner, voice, and the sonorant/obstruent distinction). Our work focuses on 2 aspects of Polish phonotactics: (1) the relation between cluster complexity and saturation of words with clusters, (2) the degrees of diversity in features of place, manner, and voice within clusters. Using corpus data, we have established that only 4.17% of word shapes have no clusters. The dominant word shape for a one-cluster word is CVCCVCV. The most frequent scenario for a word shape is to contain two clusters, of which 67% are a combination of a word initial and a word medial cluster. We have found that: (1) cluster length is inversely proportional to the number of clusters in a word; (2) nearly 73% of word types contain clusters of the same size, e.g., two CCs or two CCCs (Polish words prefer saturation over complexity); (3) MOA is more diversified than POA across clusters and words.

Morfologi Bahasa Indonesia

Morphology, the form of word science, or sometimes called neuroscience is a branch of linguisticsthat identifies the basic units of language as grammatical units. Morphology studies the ins andouts of word forms and the effect of word shape changes on word groups and meanings. Thisresearch describes the process of Indonesian language morphology. data and data sourcesnamely literature namely treori comparisons between Indonesian language that are good andright among students. The data and sources of this research are the utterances spoken bystudents. The results show that words are categorized as verbs if in the phrase can beaccompanied by particles not in construction and cannot be accompanied by particles in, to, from,or with particles such as very, more, or somewhat subcategorized verbs, interactions betweentheir companion nouns, Telis and verbs and Atelis Verb.Keyword. Morpholog, Verb, Indonesian

Estudio preliminar sobre patrones fonológicos según la fonología no lineal de niños chilenos de entre 3.0 y 3.11 años con Desarrollo Fonológico Prolongado (DFP)

El Desarrollo Fonológico Prolongado (DFP) presenta patrones de simplificación que persisten más allá de la edad esperada, disminuyendo la inteligibilidad en los niños (Dubasik & Ingram, 2013). En el presente trabajo se describen los patrones fonológicos, según la Fonología No Lineal, en niños chilenos de entre 3.0 y 3.11 años con DFP. Este objetivo surgió de la necesidad de conocer los patrones suprasegmentales y segmentales de niños chilenos con DFP, puesto que no se ha realizado un estudio basado en la Teoría No Lineal en la población chilena. La muestra estuvo conformada por cinco niños pertenecientes a jardines infantiles de la Región de Valparaíso, Chile. A estos niños se les aplicó la Lista de Palabras del Español, obteniendo un corpus de 500 palabras. Este fue analizado a través de las medidas suprasegmentales Whole Word Match (WWM) o coincidencia de la palabra completa, Word Shape Match (WSM) o coincidencia de la estructura de la palabra, patrones acentuales; y medidas segmentales, en Porcentaje de Consonantes Correctas (PCC). Como resultado se obtuvo que los niños con DFP presentan puntajes altos en patrones acentuales (99.2%), pero muestran una alteración en las medidas de WWM, con un 52.2% de aciertos; WSM, con un 73.4%, y PCC, con un 89.2%. En consecuencia, se evidenció alteración suprasegmental y segmental en niños con DFP, pues los valores obtenidos no coinciden con el Desarrollo Típico (DT) observados en otras investigaciones.

A Feature-Based Model for Nested Named-Entity Recognition at VLSP-2018 NER Evaluation Campaign

In this report, we describe our participant named-entity recognition system at VLSP 2018 evaluation campaign. We formalized the task as a sequence labeling problem using BIO encoding scheme. We applied a feature-based model which combines word, word-shape features, Brown-cluster-based features, and word-embedding-based features. We compare several methods to deal with nested entities in the dataset. We showed that combining tags of entities at all levels for training a sequence labeling model (joint-tag model) improved the accuracy of nested named-entity recognition.

Attractors of variation in Hungarian inflectional morphology

We use algorithmic learning and statistical methods over a form frequency list (compiled from the Hungarian web corpus) to investigate variation in Hungarian verbal inflection. Our aims are twofold: (i) to give an adequate description of this variation, which has not been described in detail in the literature and (ii) to explore the range and depth of lexical attractors that potentially shape this variation. These attractors range from closely related ones, such as the shape of the word form or the behaviour of the verb’s paradigm, to broad ones, such as the behaviour of similar verbs or the phonotactics of related verb forms. We find that verbal variation is predominantly determined by similarity to related verb forms rather than by word shape or by word frequency. What is more, the effect of similarity is better approximated using inflected forms as opposed to base forms as points of comparison. This, in turn, supports a rich memory model of morphology and the mental lexicon.

On the Role of Accent in Ancient Greek Poetry

In this paper, I set out to study the distribution of some accentual types of two different word shapes in the Homeric hexameter: iambs and iambic ending words and dactyls and dactylic ending words. Following Nagy 2000 and 2010 and David 2006, I start from the idea that accent has a role in Ancient Greek poetry, which has been corroborated in Abritta 2015 by studying the distribution of trochaic ending words. In the sections corresponding to each word shape, after a statistical consideration of the distribution, I examine some literary uses of accentual types, which the poet places in the line apparently in order to produce a certain effect on the audience. The article is conceived as a first approximation to the study of accentual distribution in Ancient Greek poetry.

Self-Prioritization Beyond Perception

Recently, Sui, He, and Humphreys (2012) introduced a new paradigm to measure perceptual self-prioritization processes. It seems that arbitrarily tagging shapes to self-relevant words (I, my, me, and so on) leads to speeded verification times when matching self-relevant word shape pairings (e.g., me – triangle) as compared to non-self-relevant word shape pairings (e.g., stranger – circle). In order to analyze the level at which self-prioritization takes place we analyzed whether the self-prioritization effect is due to a tagging of the self-relevant label and the particular associated shape or due to a tagging of the self with an abstract concept. In two experiments participants showed standard self-prioritization effects with varying stimulus features or different exemplars of a particular stimulus-category suggesting that self-prioritization also works at a conceptual level.