Target Togliatti

This chapter reviews the developments in Italy that were something more than just a series of spontaneous strikes provoked by the workers' wrath, but rather a revolution that was spreading. It mentions Pietro Secchia's estimation that an uprising might be successful in three big cities: Genoa, Turin, and Venice. It also analyzes the scenario of what might have happened if Marshal Tito and his secret organization had not been officially ousted from the communist movement by the Cominform Resolution and what if Tito's cadres, organizers, and agents were not forced to hide their intentions and plans. The chapter mentions Antonio Pallante, a twenty-five year old Sicilian student, who admitted to the police that he had arrived in Rome to kill Palmiro Togliatti. It details how Pallante waited for Togliatti in front of the Chamber of Deputies building and fired four shots, gravely wounding Togliatti.

Balkan Borderlands

Chapter III is introduction to geographical and demographic context of the study. It uses the concept of borderlands, more precisely imperial borderlands that is territories which are considered as spaces-in-between with malleable identities which are often disputed and in general difficult to control. It analyses situation in all three countries such as: first usages of paramilitaries in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and controversies that occurred; how IMRO adjusted to new circumstances and continued with its operation; how new agrarian regime in Bulgaria, overwhelmed with challenges and dysfunctional state and its institutions was forced to create its own paramilitary formation—Orange Guard and which in practical terms represented discontinuity with Balkan paramilitary traditions; and what was the role of the Albanian irregulars during the turbulent post-war quest for stability in that country taking in mind specific features Albanian society. It also questions if Albanian irregulars as such can be determined as paramilitaries as their contemporary counterparts. Finally it presents what was the role and place of Serbian chetniks in their post-Black Hand years, that is, in period when, after the annihilation of the secret organization Unification or Death aka the Black Hand, the organization that had strong influence on their organization and usage, they became one of many veterans’ associations. It also analyses the place of the Toplica Uprising in 1917 as one of the most important determinants of chetniks identity and ethos.

Illuminati

Begun in 1776 in Bavaria, the Illuminati were an overtly political as well as morally orientated secret organization that imitated the forms of freemasonry. While masonic lodges forbade discussion of politics and religion at their meetings, the Illuminati did the reverse. They were openly yet paradoxically secret about their irreligion and their devotion to the radical French Enlightenment; and they wanted reform in the absolutist states of Central Europe. The authorities arrested and persecuted them, but their activism foreshadows the French Revolution and a desire for more representative systems of government in Continental Europe. Despite the notoriety of the Illuminati, no more than about 600 members have been identified.

SIMBOL ORDO ILLUMINATI DALAM KEHIDUPAN SOSIO KULTURAL MUSLIM DI ARAB SAUDI: ANALISIS SEMIOTIK SIMBOLIK

<p>Illumination Ordo is one of the international secret organization. The aim of this organization is to build a new world arrangement which has a significant role in several countries. And Saudi Arabia is one of those countries.This study discussed the history factors that lie behind the phenomenon of the use of Ordo Illuminati symbols by moslem in Saudi Arabia and Aspects of life that associated with the use of Ordo Illuminati symbols in Saudi Arabia.The method of this study was descriptive qualitative by using library research technique which followed 4 steps; they are: (1) making a research plan, (2) collecting the data, (3) analyzing the data, (4) and writing the report. Moreover, the theory used in this study was semiotic symbolic which is proposed by Charles Sander Pierce. Based on this study, there are two conclusions; they are: (1) the history factor that lie behind the phenomenon of the use of Ordo Illuminati symbols by moslem in Saudi Arabia. (2) Aspects of life that associated with the use of Ordo Illuminati symbols in Saudi Arabia.</p>

Preferences of the Very Rich

This chapter surveys the political views of the top one percent of the population, the top one percent of the top one percent, and the top one percent of the top one percent of the top one percent. The higher people are in the income distribution, the more they want taxes to be low and the federal debt to be reduced. The richer they are, the less they favor income redistribution, education, infrastructure investment and universal health care. They may like some policies in the abstract, but they do not support these policies if they require increased taxes or deficit. The Koch brothers formed a secret organization, the Kochtopus, after the Powell Memo to support the political aims of the very rich.

The secrets of Rennes-le-Chateau

I hope I'll be forgiven for including this piece about the infamous Priory of Sion, which, as, anyone who has read The Da Vinci Code can tell you, is a secret organization dedicated to keeping the secret of the Holy Grail — an organization led down the centuries by eminent scientists, thinkers and artists including Da Vinci himself. While not strictly philosophical, this article is an excellent exercise in the kind of scrupulous detective work rarely done by those who spread such myths. It also nicely illustrates how such myths are often started.

Fascism in Kuomintang China: The Blue Shirts

The Blue Shirts during the 1930s became one of the most influential and feared political movements in China. To both contemporaries and historians, however, the Blue Shirt movement has been a shadowy force, known mostly through hearsay, with little solid information regarding its doctrine or its activities. Now, on the basis of memoirs, interviews, and especially Japanese intelligence reports of the 1930s, a rough picture of this secret organization can be pieced together. And the image that emerges is not simply a terrorist organization, but a political faction that reflected the concerns and ideals of many Chinese during the troubled Nanking decade. This study will, it is hoped, not only provide an insight into the nature of Kuomintang rule, but will shed light on a previously unexamined species of the political genus, fascism.