Who Am I as a Healthcare Provider?

The U.S. healthcare delivery system relies on the formation of ad hoc teams of highly-trained, experienced, providers of various specialties. The providers work in interprofessional teams that converge to address situations around acute patient care. Various models of virtual training provide structured opportunities for interprofessional education, whereby learners engage with roles and responsibilities essential for their professions and active collaboration with other team members. This learning is transformative as it influences the development of professional identity and teamwork skills needed for successful collaborative practice in interprofessional teams. This chapter explores the role of training health care professional students using virtual simulations and the emerging potential of virtual and augmented reality for health professional education.

Mobile Telemedicine Systems for Remote Patient's Chronic Wound Monitoring

Telemedicine can be defined as the delivery of health care and sharing of medical information at a distance using telecommunication platforms. This chapter describes the implementation of a mobile telemedicine system for patient's chronic wound (CW) monitoring using a smartphone. The system proved to be quick and reliable for providing health care at door step. The tele-wound technology network (TWTN) framework in telemedicine systems using smartphones for remote wound monitoring has been proposed. This framework is effective for both rural as well as urban people; it gives good performance in terms of wound monitoring and advanced diagnosis. The main objective of this work is to design and develop a TWTN system model that can acquire, process and monitor CW related problems with using a low cost smartphone to increase the overall performance of the system. Specifically, the TWTN system is developed for biomedical information like CW processing to monitor important patient information inexpensively and accurately.

Reliability of IoT-Aware BPMN Healthcare Processes

BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) has become the de-facto business process modelling language standard. Healthcare processes have been increasingly incorporating participants other than humans, including Internet of Things (IoT) physical devices such as biomedical sensors or patient electronic tags. Due to its critical requirements, IoT-aware healthcare processes justify the relevance of Quality of Services aspects, such as reliability, availability, and cost, among others. This chapter focuses on reliability and proposes to use the Stochastic Workflow Reduction (SWR) method to calculate the reliability of IoT-aware BPMN healthcare processes. In addition, the chapter proposes a BPMN language extension to provide processes with reliability information. This way, at design time, modellers can analyse alternatives and, at run time, reliability information can be used to select participants, execute services, or monitor process executions. The proposal is applied to an Ambient Assisted Living system use case, a rich example of an IoT-aware healthcare process.

Butterworth Filter Application for Structural Health Monitoring

Most of the existing Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems are vulnerable to environmental and operational damages. The majority of these systems cannot detect the size and location of the damage. Guided wave techniques are widely used to detect damage in structures due to its sensitivity to different changes in the structure. Finding a mathematical model for such system will help to implement a reliable and efficient low-cost SHM system. In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed to detect the size and location of damages in physical structures using the piezoelectric sensor. The proposed model combines both pitch-catch and pulse-echo techniques and has been verified throughout simulations using ABAQUS/ Explicit finite element software. For empirical verification, data was collected from an experimental set-up using an Aluminum sheets. Since the experimental data contains a lot of noises, a Butterworth filter was used to clean up the signal. The proposed mathematical model along with the Butterworth filter have been validated throughout real test bed.

Design and Development of Real Time Patient Monitoring System with GSM Technology

Technology keeps evolving every second. Humans receive all the essential information with just one touch. Be it the weather forecast or ordering any grocery or communicating with one's peers, everything happens so easily and efficiently. It is undoubtedly user friendly. When the same technology associates itself with the medical equipment it becomes easier to fetch and process the patient's data in real time. It also helps to make several life-saving, spontaneous decisions for the critical care. This paper talks about the patient monitoring system. The physiological parameters of the patient are continuously monitored in real time using sensors. The data that is obtained from the sensor is then sent to an Arduino Uno microcontroller where it is analyzed. If the patient's data differs from the required threshold values, an emergency message is sent to the assigned doctor's mobile. This is done using the GSM module which is interfaced with the microcontroller. Verifying the system in software is done using Proteus.

A Trusted Ubiquitous Healthcare Monitoring System for Hospital Environment

Wireless Body Sensor Network with wearable and implantable body sensors have been grabbing lot of interests among the researchers and healthcare service providers. These sensors forward physiological data to the personnel at the hospital, doctor or caretaker anytime, anywhere; hence the name of the network is Ubiquitous health monitoring system. The technology has brought Internet of Things into this system making it to get connected to the cloud based internet. This has made the retrieval of information to the expert and thus improving the happiness of elderly people and patients suffering from chronic diseases. This paper focuses on creating an android based application for monitoring patients in hospital environment. The necessity of sharing hospital data to the experts around the globe has brought the necessity of trust in Health care systems. The data sharing in the IOT environment is secured. The environment is tested in real-time cloud environment. The proposed android application serves to be better architecture for hospital monitoring.

General Practitioners' Adoption and Use of ICT

The influence of ICT in General Practice varied from a solo practice to a GP specialist of a primary healthcare team. Different factors influence the GP to use ICT. After 2nd World War the national legislative requirement influenced more to adopt ICT, of which most important is the Medicare or Medicaid payment and also the richness of the environment (measured by network readiness index). Shift to group practice or corporate level practice requires ICT support to handle automated actions (i.e. completing repetitive jobs, answering frequently asked questions by webpage). Role of telecommunication and IT service providers, and that of entrepreneurs for information management are also discussed. While discussing the challenges in implementing ICT in future model of GP service it focuses on the slow usage of computer and other IT products by doctors, as noted in the past decades.

Adoption of ICT in Implementing Primary Health Care

For a new technology to be put into use, a decision must be made to adopt it or at least some aspects of it. This article discusses the introduction and use of information and communication technologies in primary healthcare and investigates reasons for adoption, or non-adoption, or these technologies. In particular, the article looks at use of ICT by medical general practitioners, eHealth and the Virtual Doctor Program. The context is adoption of healthcare technologies in the Australian environment, and Information Translation is used as a lens to investigate this.

Towards the Development of Smart Spaces-Based Socio-Cyber-Medicine Systems

The concept of Cyber-Medicine System (CMS) is applied to research and development of medical information systems where the Internet is used to integrate medical devices and healthcare services into the system and to connect patients and medical professionals. In this paper, the authors generalize the concept to Socio-CMS, where the social world is added to the fusion of physical and cyber worlds. The social world affects the end-user activity and provides opportunities for collaborative work. A semantic layer is introduced to integrate all system and domain objects from the three digitalized worlds into a smart space: multi-source data, ongoing processes, situation attributes, reasoning rules, and human activity. All objects are dynamically related, leading to such a knowledge-rich structure as a semantic network. Data mining and analytics apply semantic algorithms for this network, including the Big Data case. The derived knowledge feeds construction of advanced healthcare services for supporting medical professionals and for assisting patients.

The Process of Strategic, Agile, Innovation Development

Despite many attempts to introduce computerization in the healthcare industry, the majority of the current healthcare information systems still fail to meet the rising expectations of patients for service. This study aims to understand how agility and innovation capabilities can be strategically nurtured, developed, and managed to upgrade the quality of healthcare services. Based on a case study, a process model is developed to explain that an agile innovation strategy is a complex helix process involving a firm's sensitivity and responsiveness to integrating and reconfiguring its resources to cope with innovative change. Three key managerial contributions for IT and medical practitioners are presented.