An overview of the Open Scene of the Village and the World

What should a book about theater look like? How about the one about a category of theatrical performances in the ethnological dimension? Research project of the Institute of Romanian Philology B. P. Hasdeu stimulates research into socio-cultural contexts and European connections, and Eugeniu Coseriu urges us to open up universally - each with his own field of research. In the sub-theme National Folklore Corpus, the popular (folkloric) theater is my area of expertise and the Latin phrase Theatrum mundi = The spectacle of the world. The world seen as a spectacle it is the universal concept of theatricality. The definite sign of the theater is the character. In illo tempore, man invented an incredible, saving theater, modeling fictional characters from the most abundant matter - from what he did not know, out of ignorance. For phenomena that man could not explain in the beginning, he shaped ... spirits, supernatural beings, elves. The nebula of imaginary characters fell into two broad categories – the good and the evil ones. In order to understand the diversity of masks and clothing of modern times, it is imperative to accept a scaffolding of archetypal dichotomies, resulting from this modeling of beginnings: life - death, good - evil, beauty - ugly, God - Satan, love - hate , wealth - poverty, Christ - Herod, the wise – the stupid ... All the characters - not just from the theater of any kind - are derived from these archetypal dichotomies, and the triggering axial motives, in which it manifests itself in tension, are love, fertility, fecundity, disease, healing, death, resurrection. The Romanian folk theater is part of the same spectacle of the world, and the eternal scene is on the doorstep of the house with a spinster to be married. More important deduction - this is also the engine that sets the characters and the scene in motion: the love that moves the sky and ... the scene.

Memories as the Articulation of Being in Vladimir Besleaga’s Novels

This article analyzes the problem of recovering personal and cultural identity of the characters in Vladimir Besleaga's novels Zbor frânt (Broken Flight) and Viața și moartea nefericitului Filimon (The Life and Death of the Unfortunate Filimon). The main role in the journey of self-search belongs to the involuntary memory and intuition, which drive the protagonists through a series of events, the ones from the bitter, disturbing past, to finally discovering the magical dimension of childhood, revealing mysteries about one's own split up destiny. Memories and the anamnesis process represent, therefore, the divine act of restoring the primordial world, of uttering the being and resurrecting the mankurt to the conscious, free and full life. Beyond the hostile reality of the regime, both Isai and Filimon reveal unique experiences and feelings from the labyrinth of their own consciousness, which bring them closer to the essence of existence.

Turturica ‒ the Bird of Existential Predestination in the Short-Story Epic

This article analyzes the ballad Amărâta turturică (The Embittered Dove) in accordance with the symbolism of this bird in folk environments, being presented in different situations and existential hypostases, in accordance with the allegory of human destiny. The image-symbol "embtittered dove" is put at the service of remedying different contradictory states and feelings, depicting the drama of an existential destiny, marked by falls and inner collapses. The ballad about the widowed dove is related to a series of motifs and renders a "synthesis of symbols", tangent to the archetypal significance of some bird topos in our ritual folklore, to foreshadow the culmination of serious existential feelings. As metaphors of predestination, both the hunter and the dove express some tragic entities of human life, outline the meaning of a polarized destiny, marked by inner contradictions, deepen the idea of nostalgic loneliness in the face of irreversible passage.

Metaphorical Structures Involving Deverbal Nouns Characteristic of the Akathist Text

Orthodox hymnography comprises a wide variety of musical-poetic structures. Among them, the akathist stands out both in terms of size and aesthetic features or in terms of frequency of use in the practice of prayer. From the point of view of linguistic interest, we notice the abundance of deverbal nouns in the structure of the akathists, present at all levels of text structure. The multifunctionality of the deverbal nouns within this type of text also includes the aesthetic dimension of the hymn. In the current article we will focus on the dominant metaphorical structures, formed on the basis of deverbal nouns, which highlight fundamental concepts of Christianity.

The Thorny Destiny of the Bessarabian Migrant in Current Prose

In this study the author refers not only to the topic of illegal emigration, particularly to the issue of human trafficking, reflected in the novels written by Liliana Corobca and Stela Branzeanu – two writers from the Republic of Moldova, but also to the way this phenomenon is reflected in the novels of other writers whose protagonists represent the current situation in Bessarabia. The novels do simply offer solutions to the situation in which the characters are, but they tend to make the reading public aware of illegal migration and human trafficking as well as to draw attention to the identity problems in the Republic of Moldova. The authors focus more on the subject and less on the aesthetic finality or on the architecture of the writings, their focus is basically the dialogues, the direct discourse, which is rather journalistic, as well as the simplification of the lexical props, following the desideratum of accessibility and sensitization of the reader.

Evil Chronotopes Ion Creanga’s work

The article focuses on the notions of structural elements of the chronotope developed by M. Bakhtin and applied in the stories of the Romanian writer Ion Creanga from the perspective of the imaginary, namely: challenge, chance, nature, landscape, heroes' pilgrimage, road, threshold. Overpassing evil places such as the forest, places haunted by devils, the pond, the pub are clues in the rounding of the character. The idea of good and evil spaces is strongly anchored in the collective unconscious according to the principle of splitting and differentiation between opposites. The evil spaces in Ion Creanga's stories are places of voluntary or involuntary challenge in which the initiation and rounding of the characters takes place.

Typology of Family Names Derived with the Suffix -escu

The suffix -escu „is used to form surnames of Romanian type”. The exclusively onomastic function of the suffix -escu is patronymic and expresses family descent. Thus, Grigorescu, formed after the model Grigore (father's first name) + the suffix -escu, can be understood as „Grigore’s son”. In Moldovan documents, derived with the suffix -escu names are found since the fourteenth century. Over time, when the mechanism of formation and their significance were understood, these derivatives became common. Formations with -escu appeared not only from the first name, as "is the rule", but also from other reference names. The officialization of the names formed with the suffix -escu took place only at the end of the 19th century, when they started to function as family names. In the local anthroponymy, most of the patronymics with the suffix -escu are formed from first names and surnames (various adjectives, nouns and verbs that, previously, were substantivized and used as anthroponyms). Although the patronymics derived with the suffix -escu are less attested in the Bessarabian onomasticon than in the rest of the Romanian territory, we still distinguish several types of formation of surnames with the suffix -escu. The themes to which the -escu suffix is attached confirm that this suffix is an anthroponymic one, characteristic of the formation of surnames.

The Semantic Analysis of Money-Related Proverbs in Three Linguacultures

Proverbs, being an element of ethnoculture, reflect the mentality, basic values of people, and their idea of the surrounding world. The author of the article accounts for the necessity to study money-related proverbs and notes that money is an unalienable part of the contemporary society, and consequently, it represents the material for psychological, sociocultural and linguistic research. Our aim is to conduct a comparative semantic analysis of proverbs in English, Romanian and Russian. The material for the research was 150 proverbs in the corresponding linguacultures. The author classifies proverbs by the semantic basis, identifies similarities and differences of English, Romanian and Russian proverbs

Surnames Derived from Pastoral Terminology

Growing cattle and especially sheep was one of the main traditional Romanian occupations. Some of the terms used in this field became nicknames and later surnames. The Romanian anthroponymic database includes such surnames (listed in the Annex) and specifies the distribution of the bearers by county and region.

A Brief Outlook at the Research Directions of Motivology, a New Linguistic Discipline

In this article the author, for the first time in Romanian linguistics, attempts to explain the basic directions in studying a new linguistic discipline, Motivology, and the use of terms characteristic of this new discipline, some of which are translated or updated by the author in order that the former cold be introduced into the Romanian linguistic circulation. The motivational relationships of words and stable polylexical units make up linguistic universality; they cover almost all lexical and polylexical units in language, leaving out of their "influence" an insignificant percentage of "singular" language units. Motivology as a science dates back to the 1970s. This study outlines the research areas on lexical and structural motivation, the internal form of the glottic unit, the types of motivation of lexical and polylexical units, motivational relationships as a type of systemic relationships in lexis, motivation in a text and metatext, motivational paradigm, motivation of words and stable polylexical units as a lexical phenomenon, etc.