Hostile Organizational Climate as an Antecedent to Paranoid Cognition and Sleep: Moderating Role of Emotional Suppression

Introduction.- Hostile organization climates can pave way for hostile, aggressive behavior and attitude which later become norm of the workplace. The hostile climate in an organization can ensure a damaging impact on employee behavior and mental health. Objectives.- Using Cognitive Activation Theory of Stress (CATS) this study aims to investigate the activation of paranoid cognitions due to stress stimuli coming from explore hostile climate and its impact on the sleep quality of employees which further lead to negative employee outcomes like counterproductive work behaviors, and psychological well-being with the moderating role of emotional suppression. Method and Results.-A time-lagged data segregated at three-time intervals are collected from employees and peers (n=497) working in the Telecom sector of Pakistan. Our study utilized PROCESS in SPSS technique to prove serial mediation of paranoid cognition and sleep quality between hostile climate, counterproductive work behavior, and psychological well-being and moderation analysis. Conclusion.- This study discovers new avenues in the existing literature of CATS and hostile climate by examining paranoid cognition and sleep quality as the underlying mechanisms through which hostile organizational climate can defoliate psychological well-being and can cause harm to an organization through counterproductive work behaviors.

Impact of Exploitative Leadership on Workplace Incivility: Role of Psychological Distress -Evidence from Banking Sector

Aim: The present study investigated the effect of exploitative leadership on workplace incivility banking Sector employee with the role of psychological stress as a moderator Background: Destructive leadership, the mostly exploitative leadership, had been less thoughtful earlier in banking research. Additionally, fundamental mechanisms and boundary conditions that occur between exploitative leadership and employee outcomes such as workplace incivility were also missing in the banking literature with the context of psychological distress. Methods: This present research quantitative nature in which data had collected from the banking Sector (N = 310) working in the Pakistani banking sector through self-administrative questionnaires. Results: psychological distress moderate the relationship between exploitative leadership and workplace incivility among banking sector employees when psychological distress was high. Conclusions: Exploitative leadership had a significant impact on outcomes in the form of workplace incivility and psychological distress significantly moderating between exploitative leadership and workplace incivility when psychological distress was high at the banking sector in Pakistan Implications for Banking Sector Management: It is among the pioneer studies to unveil the exploitative side of leadership and its negative consequences for banking sector employees. Psychological distress in the banking sector can be reduced by discouraging leader exploitative behavior. Banking can utilize workplace incivility from work as a tool to reduce destructive outcomes of leader exploitative behavior.

Bank Disclosure and Stock Price Synchronicity: Evidence from Dual-Banking System Countries

In stock markets, information plays a crucial role in determining trading dynamics and price discovery. In the investment decisions, an investor may have incomplete information regarding the firm-specific factors because of information asymmetry. Therefore, investors rely on market factors. Extensive work has been done on stock price synchronicity (SYNCH) from the dual banking system viewpoint. Therefore, the present study examines the association of Stock Price Synchronicity with Bank’s Disclosure items and Shariah Compliance using data of 138 banks for 09 years (2011-2019) by taking dual banking system countries. We consider 11 countries, i.e., Bahrain, Bangladesh, Kuwait, Lebanon, Malaysia, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, UAE, and Yemen, for analysis. We select different banks based on these countries' dual banking systems and exclude two countries (UAE & Yemen) due to data availability issues. Data of 138 banks is analyzed using specific statistical techniques like descriptive statistics, correlation, Fisher-type unit-root test, endogeneity test, and generalized method of moments (GMM) by using STATA. In the analysis, we found that bank disclosure has a significant positive relationship with SYNCH. However, shariah compliance banks have a significant negative relation with SYNCH. Moreover, control variables which include banks profitability, and leverage have a significant positive relationship with SYNCH. The banks' size has a significant negative relationship because the size affects the banks according to the market. Keywords: Stock Price Synchronicity, Bank’s Disclosure, Asymmetric Information, Banking Sector. JEL Classification: D82, G21

Effect of High Involvement Work System on Employee Counterproductive Work Behavior: A Mediating Role of Psychological Capital

Psychological capital with sub-concepts of hope, efficacy, resilience and optimism (HERO) is organized as a general primary ability that measured the important motivation of human being, thinking process and struggle for success at the workplace. This study focused on the mediating effect of psychological capital in the relationship with high involvement work system and employees’ counterproductive work behaviors. Questionnaires were used to measure the concepts about 200 respondents. The social exchange, leader member exchange and self-determination theories were used to generate the study hypotheses. The hierarchal linear regression model was used to test the study hypotheses. The result of the study clearly demonstrated that the high involvement work system significantly affect employees’ psychological capital and employee’s counterproductive work behaviors. Moreover, result shows that psychological capital significantly mediate in the relationship with high involvement work system and counterproductive work behaviors. Practical implications of the result were presented along with number of limitations and direction for future study.

Effect of Personality Characteristics on Workplace Ostracism: Role of Employee Popularity and Emotional Intelligence- An Evidence from Telecomm Industry of Pakistan

Humans are known to be social beings and the interpersonal interactions we have in our daily lives lay a great impact on our mental and physical health. The phenomenon known as ostracism, defined as exclusion from social gatherings, is the one being studied in this thesis. As per the previous researches, ostracism ramifies depression, anxiety, anger, frustration, and turnover; ultimately adding to the dissatisfaction level. The environments that require a heap of social linkages to perform certain tasks and maintaining interpersonal relationships is a means to align with the cultural values, it is indispensable to understand the perils of being ostracized. As previous researches have mostly focused on the negatives originating from the said phenomenon, we aim to hone these negative affinities by introducing the variables (charisma, political skill, and extraversion) as a counteractive measure to alleviate the downturns branching out. Also, the moderation effect of emotional intelligence and mediation of employee popularity is expected to enhance the relationship even further. The evidence taken from the 5 big telecommunication companies of Pakistan (Islamabad / Rawalpindi) would provide a great sample to substantiate the practical implications of the proposed model. The Questionnaire adopted to gather data is selected from the most valid and widely used sources to further the credibility of the responses. The findings are expected to ameliorate the current understanding of a heinous phenomenon that degrades an individual’s ability to perform and adds to the productivity of an organization. Purpose: To find counteractive measures to hone the phenomenon called ostracism and signify the need to minimize ostracism at work along with all the negatives behaviors associated. Methodology: A 34 item questionnaire was rolled out in the top 5 telecommunication companies of Pakistan and data collected was analyzed using SPSS and SMART PLS Results / Findings: Charisma has a direct negative correlation with workplace ostracism and employee popularity partially mediates the relationship between workplace ostracism and charisma. Political skills and charisma don’t have a significant negative correlation with workplace ostracism but employee popularity completely mediates the relationship between political skills and WPO, and charisma and WPO. However, emotional intelligence didn’t have a significant moderation relationship with workplace ostracism.

The Effect of Abusive Supervision and Psychopathy on Counter Productive Work Behavior: The Role of Psychological Capital

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the influence of Abusive Supervision and Psychopathy on Counterproductive Work Behaviour with moderating role of Psychological Capital in project-based organizations (The construction industry). Design\Methodology\Approach: Causal model was proposed, Data was collected from 360 employees of different construction projects-based organizations in Islamabad and Rawalpindi region (Pakistan) by using convenience sampling techniques, and adopted structured questionnaires comprising of measuring each variable on a five-point Lickartt scale. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze Reliability, Correlations, and regression. Originality/value: Different variables have been considered in the relationship with Counterproductive behavior. Abusive supervision and Psychopathy rarely discussed. This study efforts to scrutinize the relationship among AS and CWB, and PSP and CWB, while the moderating role of PSC with the addition of new insights. Finding: Findings of the current study revealed that there is a positive and significant influence of Abusive Supervision and psychopathy on Counterproductive work bhaviour and a significant moderating role of psychological capital.

DARK SIDE OF PARADOXICAL LEADERSHIP: SOCIAL COMPARISION THEORY PERSPECTIVE

Considerable research has viewed Paradoxical leadership as a positive style of leadership in different contextual settings. But little is known how paradoxical behavior of a leader can be detrimental for followers. The present study proposed etic view of paradoxical leadership based on social comparison theory explaining how and why people make comparison with similar and dissimilar others, that might lead to interpersonal conflict which may trigger negative outcomes. We have proposed and tested a sequential mediation model between Paradoxical leadership and employee job stress through interpersonal conflict and job insecurity. The study is based on time lagged data (3 intervals apart by one month each) from 285 service sector employees of Pakistan. All measures used were validated before testing mediation model. Structure equation modeling has been used for model testing that provided a good support to the hypothesized model. Results justified that when employees make comparison among each other on the basis of leader’s behavior with them, and indulge in interpersonal conflicts and feel more job insecurity that ultimately proceeds towards their job stress.

Investigating the Mediating role of Goal Clarity in the Relationship between Spiritual Leadership and project Success: Evidence from Software Industry

The basic aim of the current study is to examine whether there is any relationship between Spiritual leadership (SL) and project Success (PS) through mediating role of goal clarity (GC). For this purpose this study used quantitative research approach and test the all statistical results through SmartPLS for 326 responded gathered from employs that were associated with software projects in the education and health care industries of Islamabad and Rawalpindi region, Pakistan. All the proposed hypothesis were accepted and result validated that SL is positively and significantly backing to GC and PS. In addition to this, findings also show that GC is shown positive and significant impact on PS and GC is positively and significantly mediate the linkages between SL and PS. There is a key evidence that research on SL and PS is too limited. Therefore, this study using the causal SL theory that identified that how SL is crucial for PS and provide a valuable extension to the SL in the project management literature. This research also disscuss the theortical, practical of this reearch and provide the future recomeneation for further exploration.

Impact of Corporate Political Connections on Cost of Equity: A Dynamic Panel Approach

We analyze the impact of corporate political connections on the cost of equity of non-financial firms listed at the Pakistan Stock Exchange. We extract data from the DataStream and Election Commission of Pakistan for the years 2001 to 2018. The Generalized Method of Moments is used for data analysis. This research finds that firms use political connections to enjoy a lower cost of equity capital. Further, firms with strong ties to political power obtain more benefits on financing cost as compared to non-connected firms. Besides, we also find that firms affiliated with a large business group enjoy a lower cost of equity than non-affiliated connected firms. The findings may be helpful for regulators to formulate suitable policies concerning the use of corporate political strategies and to assist unconnected and non-affiliated firms to access finance easily.

Descriptive Dimensions of Brand Equity in Service Sector of Pakistan: A Literature Review

In the industry of goods, the product is the primary brand. However, with services, the company is the primary brand. Branding is not for visible goods but also a significant factor of performance for services. The ability to educate consumers of their expertise and credence values before the order has contributed to the general awareness of the value of products in the service industry in relation to consumer preference. If the brand is an essential consideration in any campaign initiative, it is crucial to consider the meaning of its equity. Brand value is the confidence gained in a brand regardless of customer experience. Because of the strategic advantages of established and established products, brand value is significant. Brand equity can make a significant contribution to the visualization of intangible goods for service companies. Given that there is no research available, this study seeks to suggest descriptive brand equity dimensions in Pakistan's service markets. The history is regarded as Brand Loyalty, Brand Awareness, Brand Association, Brand Perceived Quality, Brand Image, Brand Trust, Brand Credibility as antecedents of brand equity in services markets. This research is focused on the literature review and specifics are discussed. A systemic literature review approach for extracting the existing literature of desire has been used.