Diabetics-Related Foot Deformity: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Knowledge and Practice

Neuromusculoskeletal functions interplay in maintaining normal gait patterns. Changes in foot posture and architecture are results of diseases. For Instance, diabetes impacts human biomechanics of running and weight bearing of the foot. We conducted a prospective cross sectional study to assess the risk factors of anatomical foot changes in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus. It was carried out in normal 196 subjects at Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital, Bench-Sheko zone, South-West, Ethiopia. Data were collected using a well-structured questionnaires and diabetic foot assessment checklists. Data analysis was done using SPSS, version 24. Whereas, randomly selected associated risk factors were assessed using multivariate linear regression model. Our results

Acknowledging Sex Differences in In vivo Experiments: Dilemma

The role of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and its organ-specific functions are largely elucidated. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis is a popular tool for the assessment of autonomic cardiac control. Heart rate and its changes are a sensitive indicator of ANS function, therefore cardiovascular autonomic regulation is considered to be the most reliable indicator of ANS activity and status. HRV refers to beat to beat variation in the heart rate that quantifies the interplay between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity of the ANS. Although patterns of HRV hold considerable promise for clarifying issues in clinical applications,

A Palette of Adipose Tissue: Multiple Functionality and Extraordinary Plasticity

After the knowledge of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ and its role as a regulator of metabolisms, studies have advanced on its biological function. Previously, only two adipose tissues were identified in mammals, white and brown adipose tissue. White adipocytes store lipids mainly with the function of energy reserve and brown for thermal homeostasis. Due to the plasticity of adipose tissue and its ability to proliferate and differentiate, the third type of adipocyte, beige, emerged. Beige adipocytes originate from white adipocytes that have acquired phenotypic brown characteristics in response to different stimuli, this process is known as browning. More recently, the plastic properties allowed the identification of the fourth type of adipose tissue, the pink.

Telomeres Length Change in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Psychotic Patients with Schizophrenia

In patients with schizophrenia life expectancy is shorter compared to the general population and the main causes of early mortality are somatic diseases. Schizophrenia is a complex disorder with a high risk of inheritance and is increasingly recognized as a systemic disorder, presumably having a common genetic basis with various somatic disorders. Modern research methods allow us to discover the mechanisms of etiology, pathogenesis and outcome of diseases. Changing the length of telomeres in the cells of organisms reflects the processes of development and degradation of cells, as well as the stages of its life cycle. The reduction in Telomere Length (TL) is considered one of the biological markers associated with age and can be accelerated by comorbid conditions in schizophrenia.