Morphofunctional State of the Maxillary Sinus Mucosa in Patients After Endoscopic Infundibulotomy

The work carried out made it possible to substantiate the need to apply a method for studying the frequency of beating of cilia of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis when choosing treatment tactics in an ENT hospital. Analysis of the study of data on the functional and morphological state of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus allows us to judge the severity of the pathological process before surgery, which is the fundamental factor in the algorithm for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis.

The Importance of Light Diagnosis in Joint Injuries of the Walls of the Upper Jaw Cavity

The article discusses the possibilities of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging when examining patients in an ENT clinic. The authors' materials cover complex observations of diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses. The patients were operated on, which made it possible to compare the data of radiation studies with operational findings and cytological material. CT scan in coronal projection allows to clarify the diagnosis, determine the possible causes of recurrent sinusitis and identify the individual structural features of the nasal cavity and PNS that contribute to the development of intraoperative complications. When analyzing CT data, special attention should be paid to identifying and correctly interpreting the intranasal anatomy. It is necessary to indicate in detail the location of the cyst of the maxillary sinus, which allows the surgeon to correctly choose the optimal surgical access.

Morphofunctional State of the Maxillary Sinus Mucosa in Patients After Endoscopic Infundibulotomy

The work carried out made it possible to substantiate the need to apply a method for studying the frequency of beating of cilia of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis when choosing treatment tactics in an ENT hospital. Analysis of the study of data on the functional and morphological state of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus allows us to judge the severity of the pathological process before surgery, which is the fundamental factor in the algorithm for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis.

The Importance of Light Diagnosis in Joint Injuries of the Walls of the Upper Jaw Cavity

The article discusses the possibilities of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging when examining patients in an ENT clinic. The authors’ materials cover complex observations of diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses. The patients were operated on, which made it possible to compare the data of radiation studies with operational findings and cytological material. CT scan in coronal projection allows to clarify the diagnosis, determine the possible causes of recurrent sinusitis and identify the individual structural features of the nasal cavity and PNS that contribute to the development of intraoperative complications. When analyzing CT data, special attention should be paid to identifying and correctly interpreting the intranasal anatomy. It is necessary to indicate in detail the location of the cyst of the maxillary sinus, which allows the surgeon to correctly choose the optimal surgical access.

Prevalence of Allelic and Genotypic Variants of Il4, Il10, Il12b and Tlr2 Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Chronic Polypoid Rhinosinusitis

Chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis (CPRS) is an important medical and social problem due to its prevalence, combination with other diseases (bronchial asthma, cystic fibrosis), prolonged recurrent course, which leads to a decrease in the quality of life and performance of patients. Bronchopulmonary, rhinogenic orbital and intracranial complications arising against the background of chronic sinusitis not only worsen the quality of life of patients, but also sometimes lead to long-term disability, and sometimes to disability. The results of our study demonstrated that the distribution of the genotypes of polymorphisms of all genes corresponded to the expected, i.e., in this case, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is fulfilled in both groups. Both samples rs2243250 of the IL4 gene were characterized by high frequencies of the unfavorable C allele and the heterozygous T / C genotype, rs3212227 of the IL12B gene of the A allele and the heterozygous A / C genotype, rs1800895 592 C> A in the IL10 gene of the A, C alleles, and heterozygous C rs5743708 in the TLR2 gene of the C allele and the heterozygous C / T genotype, hence the high level of genetic variability of the studied genes.

Results of Frequency Analysis Distribution of A1188c Rs3212227 Polymorphism in the IL12b Gene among Patients with Chronic Polypoid Rhinosinusit

Our data confirm the complexity of the genetic mechanism for the development of polyposis processes in patients with CPRS and indicate the necessity and importance of understanding complex gene interactions in the analysis of the development and clinical stage of the studied pathology. Material and methods. In accordance with the purpose of the study and to fulfill the assigned tasks, clinical studies were carried out in 140 patients with CPRS and with chronic rhinosinusitis, who were examined and treated at the ENT department of the multidisciplinary clinic of the Tashkent Medical Academy in 2017-2019. To study the diallelic polymorphism of the promoter regions of the genes of the studied interleukins, 50 healthy (no CPRS) donors, men and women, were examined. The average age of the examined donors was 51.3 ± 1.44 years. Conclusion. Analyzing the prevalence of genotypic variants of this polymorphism, we revealed a direct association of the C / C monogenotype of the A1188C rs3212227 polymorphism in the IL12B gene with the development of polyposis processes. The study of the distribution of genotypes showed that the homozygous genotype A / A was insignificant, almost 1.2 times more often found in group 1 (80.64%), while the frequency of detection of the heterozygous genotype A / C was insignificantly 1.1 times higher among patients with HRC 2 groups. The opposite situation could be observed in the study of the homozygous C / C genotype, which was not identified among all study groups.

Analysis of Associative Relationship of Allelic and Genotypical Variants of Polymorphism Rs 2010963 of the VEGFA Gene with Formation and Development of Ronchopathy

It is interesting to note that the adverse effect of this genotype was observed exclusively in patients with ronchopathy, while in patients with ronchopathy, the frequency of this genotype did not differ in comparison with the control group, i.e. there is a significant tendency to an increase in the genotype with an increase in the severity of the pathology. Material and methods. To solve the set tasks, 208 patients with various diseases of the upper respiratory tract, with nasal breathing disorders, causing ronchopathy, who were hospitalized in the ENT department of the multidisciplinary clinic of the Tashkent Medical Academy for 2015 to 2021, were examined. The control group consisted of 50 apparently healthy people who agreed to participate in the study (students, masters, clinical residents). Among the sick men there were 144 (73%), women - 64 (27%). The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 70 years, averaging 44.5 ± 6.8 years. Molecular genetic studies were carried out in the Department of Molecular Medicine and Cell Technologies of the RSNPMC Hematology. This part of the work consisted of several stages: 1. Blood sampling. 2. Isolation of DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes. 3. Carrying out PCR. 4. Conducting electrophoresis and visualizing the results (if necessary). The analysis of the TGFb1 gene polymorphism associations was carried out using a case-control model (casecontrol, comparison of two samples). The sample "case" was formed from 104 patients with ronchopathy. Conclusion. Since this work is one of the few works on the study of the relationship between rs 2010963 of the VEGFA gene and the risk of developing ronchopathy, our data may become the subject of further discussions.

Analysis of Associative Relationship of Allelic and Genotypical Variants of Polymorphism Rs 2010963 of the VEGFA Gene with Formation and Development of Ronchopathy

It is interesting to note that the adverse effect of this genotype was observed exclusively in patients with ronchopathy, while in patients with ronchopathy, the frequency of this genotype did not differ in comparison with the control group, i.e. there is a significant tendency to an increase in the genotype with an increase in the severity of the pathology. Material and methods. To solve the set tasks, 208 patients with various diseases of the upper respiratory tract, with nasal breathing disorders, causing ronchopathy, who were hospitalized in the ENT department of the multidisciplinary clinic of the Tashkent Medical Academy for 2015 to 2021, were examined. The control group consisted of 50 apparently healthy people who agreed to participate in the study (students, masters, clinical residents). Among the sick men there were 144 (73%), women – 64 (27%). The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 70 years, averaging 44.5 ± 6.8 years. Molecular genetic studies were carried out in the Department of Molecular Medicine and Cell Technologies of the RSNPMC Hematology. This part of the work consisted of several stages: 1. Blood sampling. 2. Isolation of DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes. 3. Carrying out PCR. 4. Conducting electrophoresis and visualizing the results (if necessary). The analysis of the TGFb1 gene polymorphism associations was carried out using a case-control model (case-control, comparison of two samples). The sample “case” was formed from 104 patients with ronchopathy. Conclusion. Since this work is one of the few works on the study of the relationship between rs 2010963 of the VEGFA gene and the risk of developing ronchopathy, our data may become the subject of further discussions.

Results of Frequency Analysis Distribution of A1188c Rs3212227 Polymorphism in the IL12b Gene among Patients with Chronic Polypoid Rhinosinusitis

Our data confirm the complexity of the genetic mechanism for the development of polyposis processes in patients with CPRS and indicate the necessity and importance of understanding complex gene interactions in the analysis of the development and clinical stage of the studied pathology. Material and methods. In accordance with the purpose of the study and to fulfill the assigned tasks, clinical studies were carried out in 140 patients with CPRS and with chronic rhinosinusitis, who were examined and treated at the ENT department of the multidisciplinary clinic of the Tashkent Medical Academy in 2017-2019. To study the diallelic polymorphism of the promoter regions of the genes of the studied interleukins, 50 healthy (no CPRS) donors, men and women, were examined. The average age of the examined donors was 51.3 ± 1.44 years. Conclusion. Analyzing the prevalence of genotypic variants of this polymorphism, we revealed a direct association of the C / C monogenotype of the A1188C rs3212227 polymorphism in the IL12B gene with the development of polyposis processes. The study of the distribution of genotypes showed that the homozygous genotype A / A was insignificant, almost 1.2 times more often found in group 1 (80.64%), while the frequency of detection of the heterozygous genotype A / C was insignificantly 1.1 times higher among patients with HRC 2 groups. The opposite situation could be observed in the study of the homozygous C / C genotype, which was not identified among all study groups.

Prevalence of Allelic and Genotypic Variants of Il4, Il10, Il12b and Tlr2 Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Chronic Polypoid Rhinosinusitis

Chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis (CPRS) is an important medical and social problem due to its prevalence, combination with other diseases (bronchial asthma, cystic fibrosis), prolonged recurrent course, which leads to a decrease in the quality of life and performance of patients. Bronchopulmonary, rhinogenic orbital and intracranial complications arising against the background of chronic sinusitis not only worsen the quality of life of patients, but also sometimes lead to long-term disability, and sometimes to disability. The results of our study demonstrated that the distribution of the genotypes of polymorphisms of all genes corresponded to the expected, i.e., in this case, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is fulfilled in both groups. Both samples rs2243250 of the IL4 gene were characterized by high frequencies of the unfavorable C allele and the heterozygous T / C genotype, rs3212227 of the IL12B gene of the A allele and the heterozygous A / C genotype, rs1800895 592 C> A in the IL10 gene of the A, C alleles, and heterozygous C rs5743708 in the TLR2 gene of the C allele and the heterozygous C / T genotype, hence the high level of genetic variability of the studied genes.