PAKISTAN CRIMINAL LAW: A SHORT NOTE

In the article author examines the current Criminal Code of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan - Pakistan Penal Code (PPC) of 1860. A brief analysis of the system of criminal law, its main provisions related to the concept of crime, punishment, certain types of criminal encroachments both on the individual and on the interests of the state and society is given. Also, when presenting the material, the author touches on the problems of the influence of Muslim law on criminal law.

LIABILITY FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND CIRCULATION OF FILES OR OBJECTS WITH PORNOGRAPHIC IMAGES OF MINORS IN INTERNATIONAL, FOREIGN AND RUSSIAN CRIMINAL LAW

The article analyzes the norms of international and international criminal law that prohibit the production and trafficking of materials or objects with pornographic images of minors. Various acts defining what should be considered pornography of minors are considered in sequence. Domestic and foreign legislation is also studied. In the process of studying the concept of “pornography”, the opinions of well-known Russian and foreign scientists are considered.

THE CONTENT OF THE ADVERSARIAL PRINCIPLE DEVELOPED BY THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS

The article examines the adversarial principle from the point of view of the European Court of Human Rights, analyzes the case law, which formulates the position of the Court on the content of the adversarial process, and summarizes the opinions of scientists on this issue. The concept of adversarial process, developed by the European Court, is not identical to its understanding in national law and has an autonomous meaning.

PECULIARITIES OF THE LEGAL REGULATION OF THE INSTITUTION OF EXTRADITION OF AN INDIVIDUAL FOR CRIMINAL PROSECUTION OR SENTENCE EXECUTION IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY

Тhe article examines the main provisions of the Russian legislation and international treaties of the Russian Empire in the second half of the XIX century, govern the extradition of persons who committed crimes on the territory of Russia for their conviction in a state, which citizens they are, and also Russian citizens who have committed crimes in foreign countries, to condemn them in Russia. The use of the historical-comparative method allowed the author to conclude that the main provisions of the extradition of criminals to foreign countries, formulated by domestic lawyers in the second half of the XIX century, served as the basis for the development of this legal institution in modern Russia.

RELEASE ON BAIL IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

The article provides a rather-legal analysis of the preventive measure in the form of bail in foreign countries. The author focuses on the countries of the anglo-american and romano-german legal family. Attention is paid to the specifics of choosing bail as a preventive measure, its form and size.

SUBJECTS OF TRANSFER OF CRIMINAL PROSECUTION (PROCEEDINGS) WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION. PART II. THE DEFENSE TEAM AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS

Taking into account the results of the study of the practice of international cooperation in the field of criminal proceedings, conducted by the author, the issue of the subjects of the transfer of criminal prosecution (legal proceedings) continues to be considered in the context of determining the procedural status of persons acting on the side of the defense, as well as other. Based on the results of the study, theoretical conclusions are drawn and practical recommendations are offered.

RUMOURS ABOUT THE DEATH OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS ARE UNJUSTIFIED

The article challenges the point of view that is quite widespread in the doctrine and in the domestic media about the alleged collapse of the system of international law and cooperation of states in the field of criminal proceedings. The reasons for this phenomenon are investigated. At the same time, we analyze the operation (sometimes quite effective) of many international treaties (to which the Russian Federation is also a party). In addition, the action of the International Criminal Court as a permanent judicial body and possible ways to improve its effectiveness, the European Court of Human Rights are considered. The importance of participation in the information war is emphasized, which almost always corresponds to events taking place in the world related to the concept of, for example, aggression as an international crime and other crimes against the peace and security of mankind.

CRIMINAL OFFENSE IN FOREIGN CRIMINAL LAWS

The article attempts to make a comparative legal analysis of foreign criminal legislation on the subject of legal regulation of the category of criminal offense. The presence of this category in most criminal law systems of foreign countries has been established. It is concluded that it is necessary to introduce a criminal offense in the Russian criminal law

ISSUES OF COMBATING TRANS-BORDER CRIME WITHIN THE COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES

The article presents the main elements of crimes, the detection, prevention and disclosure of which is the responsibility of the Russian border authorities. Almost all of them are cross-border. Legal bases of international cooperation in the fight against cross-border crime within the CIS are analyzed. The author concludes that the legal regulation of interstate cooperation in this sphere is not effective enough.

PECULIARITIES OF THE INTERNATIONAL LAW STATUS OF JUVENILE DELINQUENTS

The article examines the criminal procedure status of minors, its difference from the criminal procedure status of adult criminals, analyzes international legal standards of juvenile responsibility, substantiates the characteristics of a minor accused, which should affect the procedural order of criminal proceedings. The author pays special attention to the personality of the minor, as well as the psychological predisposition of juvenile offenders to dependence on psychoactive substances.