Postmortem Chemistry of the Vitreous Body in Man

1959 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. NAUMANN
Keyword(s):  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Postmortem Chemistry

Partition Coefficient of 133Xe between Blood and Eye Tissues

1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 301-309
Author(s):  
A. Marczak ◽  
A. Moszczyńska-Kowalska ◽  
H. Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Aqueous Humour ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Solubility Coefficient ◽  
Eye Muscles ◽  
Eye Tissues ◽  
Relative Solubility ◽  
Blood Flow Measurements

SummaryThe relative solubility coefficient of 133Xe and the tissue-blood partition coefficient for the aqueous humour vitreous body, conjunctiva and external eye muscles of the rabbit were determined in vitro at 37° C and at various haematocrit values. The partition coefficient for haematocrit 40 was: for the aqueous humour 0,49 ml/ml, for the vitreous body 0,50 ml/ml, for the conjunctiva 0,81 ml/g and for the external eye muscles 0,77 ml/g. It was found that the solubility of 133Xe in rabbit erythrocytes is about 50 per cent higher than that in human red cells. The consequences of this fact for the precision of blood flow measurements by the method of tissue clearance are discussed.

Biomedical Materials to Repair Retinal Detachments

1985 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel F. Refojo
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Methyl Acrylate ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Light Sensitivity ◽  
Scleral Buckling ◽  
Intraocular Injection ◽  
Other Substances

ABSTRACTImplants are essential for the repair of retinal detachments. The implant buckles the wall of the eye and apposes the detached retina with the choroid, thus restoring light sensitivity to the retina. The scleral buckling also relieves traction on the retina from a shrinking vitreous body. The implant materials most commonly used are solid silicone rubber and silicone sponges, but both types have some disadvantages. A poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate-co-methyl acrylate) hydrogel implant with improved properties of softness and antibiotic absorption is also available for retinal detachment surgery. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy involves various conditions of retinal detachment complicated by vitreous fibrosis, which, after vitrectomy, may be treated with intraocular injection of fluids that support the retina against the choroid. For conditions requiring a long-term implant, silicone oil although controversial is the material of choice. Many other substances have been investigated but none better has yet been found.

Congenital Anomalies of the Vitreous Body

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
N.А. Strusova ◽  
◽  
М.I. Zgoba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Vitreous Body

Transscleral Extraction of an Intraocular Foreign Body From the Posterior Segment of the Eye Without Pars Plana Vitrectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Štěpán Rusňák ◽  
Lenka Hecová
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Visual Control ◽  
Intraocular Foreign Body ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Surgical Method ◽  
Eye Trauma ◽  
Pars Plana

Purpose: Penetrating eye trauma with an intraocular foreign body is very frequent, especially in men in their productive age. Pars plana vitrectomy would be the standard surgical method at our department. However, in indicated cases (metallic intraocular bodies in the posterior eye segment in young patients with well transparent ocular media without detached ZSM and without any evident vitreoretinal traction) transscleral extraction of the intraocular foreign body is performed using the exo magnet, eventually endo magnet with a minimal PPV without PVD induction under the visual control of endo-illumination. Materials and Methods: Between June 2003 and June 2018, 66 eyes of 66 patients diagnosed with a penetrating eye trauma caused by an intraocular foreign body located in the posterior eye segment were treated. In 18 eyes (27,3 %) with a metallic foreign body in vitreous (body) or in retina, no PPV or a minimal PPV without PVD was used as a surgical method. In the remaining 48 eyes (72,7 %), a standard 20G, respectively 23G PPV method were used together with PVD induction and the foreign body extraction via endo or exo magnet. Conclusions: As demonstrated by our survey/study, in the cases of a thoroughly considered indication an experimented vitreoretinal surgeon can perform a safe NCT transscleral extraction from the posterior eye segment via exo magnet, eventually endo magnet under the visual control of a contact display system with a minimal PPV. Thereby, the surgeon can enhance the patient´s chance to preserve their own lens and its accommodative abilities as well as reduce the risk of further surgical interventions of the afflicted eye.

The Level of Cytokines in the Vitreous Body of Severe Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Patients Undergoing Posterior Vitrectomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (27) ◽  
pp. 3276-3281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Raczyńska ◽  
Katarzyna A. Lisowska ◽  
Krzysztof Pietruczuk ◽  
Joanna Borucka ◽  
Mateusz Ślizień ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
Eye Examination

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare cytokine levels in the vitreous body of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) undergoing posterior vitrectomy. Patients and methods: The study included 39 patients (39 eyes) undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Patients were divided into three groups: patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) without aflibercept injection prior to the surgery, PDR patients administered aflibercept injection prior to the surgery, and patients without diabetes mellitus (control group). All patients underwent a comprehensive eye examination one day before and 3 weeks after the surgery, including measurements of: best-corrected visual acuity (BVCA) and intraocular pressure (IOP), slit-lamp examination and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SOCT). Concentrations of cytokines: IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p70, TNF, IL-10, IL-1β were measured in the vitreous body of patients with BD™ Cytometric Bead Array (CBA) Human Inflammatory Cytokines Kit. Results: PDR patients who received pretreatment with aflibercept injection showed significantly lower concentrations of IL-12p70, TNF, IL-10 and IL-1β in the vitreous body compared to the control group. Meanwhile, patients without prior aflibercept injection had a significantly higher concentration of IL-8. There was also a significant positive correlation between IOP before PPV and IL-8 concentration in both PDR patients’ groups. Conclusion: Findings of our study suggest an important role of IL-8 in the development of severe PDR. Aflibercept administration on the day before elective vitrectomy facilitated the surgery.

Proteomic Analysis of the Vitreous Body in Proliferative and Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van-An Duong ◽  
Jeeyun Ahn ◽  
Na-Young Han ◽  
Jong-Moon Park ◽  
Jeong-Hun Mok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
New Treatment

Background: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), one of the major microvascular complications commonly occurring in diabetic patients, can be classified into Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) and Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR). Currently available therapies are only targeted for later stages of the disease in which some pathologic changes may be irreversible. Thus, there is a need to develop new treatment options for earlier stages of DR through revealing pathological mechanisms of PDR and NPDR. Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize proteomes of diabetic through quantitative analysis of PDR and NPDR. Methods: Vitreous body was collected from three groups: control (non-diabetes mellitus), NPDR, and PDR. Vitreous proteins were digested to peptide mixtures and analyzed using LC-MS/MS. MaxQuant was used to search against the database and statistical analyses were performed using Perseus. Gene ontology analysis, related-disease identification, and protein-protein interaction were performed using the differential expressed proteins. Results: Twenty proteins were identified as critical in PDR and NPDR. The NPDR group showed different expressions of kininogen-1, serotransferrin, ribonuclease pancreatic, osteopontin, keratin type II cytoskeletal 2 epidermal, and transthyretin. Also, prothrombin, signal transducer and activator of transcription 4, hemoglobin subunit alpha, beta, and delta were particularly up-regulated proteins for PDR group. The up-regulated proteins related to complement and coagulation cascades. Statherin was down-regulated in PDR and NPDR compared with the control group. Transthyretin was the unique protein that increased its abundance in NPDR compared with the PDR and control group. Conclusion: This study confirmed the different expressions of some proteins in PDR and NPDR. Additionally, we revealed uniquely expressed proteins of PDR and NPDR, which would be differential biomarkers: prothrombin, alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, hemoglobin subunit alpha, beta, and transthyretin.

scholarly journals Applications of Hyaluronic Acid in Ophthalmology and Contact Lenses

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2485
Author(s):  
Wan-Hsin Chang ◽  
Pei-Yi Liu ◽  
Min-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Chien-Ju Lu ◽  
Hsuan-Yi Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Water Retention Properties ◽  
Bull's Eye

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan that was first isolated and identified from the vitreous body of a bull’s eye. HA is ubiquitous in the soft connective tissues of animals and therefore has high tissue compatibility for use in medication. Because of HA’s biological safety and water retention properties, it has many ophthalmology-related applications, such as in intravitreal injection, dry eye treatment, and contact lenses. Due to its broad range of applications, the identification and quantification of HA is a critical topic. This review article discusses current methods for analyzing HA. Contact lenses have become a widely used medical device, with HA commonly used as an additive to their production material, surface coating, and multipurpose solution. HA molecules on contact lenses retain moisture and increase the wearer’s comfort. HA absorbed by contact lenses can also gradually release to the anterior segment of the eyes to treat dry eye. This review discusses applications of HA in ophthalmology.

scholarly journals Carbon quantum dots as a dual platform for the inhibition and light-based destruction of collagen fibers: implications for the treatment of eye floaters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Barras ◽  
Félix Sauvage ◽  
Ines De Hoon ◽  
Kevin Braeckmans ◽  
Dawei Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Vitreous Opacities

Common in myopia and aging, vitreous opacities arise from clumped collagen fibers within the vitreous body that cast shadows on the retina, appearing as ‘floaters’ to the patient. Vitreous opacities...

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