scholarly journals Exposure assessment to inhalable and respirable dust in the post — earthquake construction sites in the city of l'Aquila

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Mastrantonio ◽  
Angela Civisca ◽  
Eugenio Siciliano ◽  
Enrica Inglese ◽  
Tamara Lippolis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Exposure Assessment To Inhalable And Respirable Dust In The Post-Earthquake Construction Sites In The City Of L’aquila 

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Mastrantonio ◽  
Angela Civisca ◽  
Tamara Lippolis ◽  
Enrica Inglese ◽  
Eugenio Siciliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Crystalline Silica ◽  
Dust Concentration ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Silica Dust ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Inhalable Dust ◽  
The City

Abstract Following an earthquake occurred in the middle Italy in 2009, the involved territory hosted in ten years thousands of construction sites. The aim of this study is to assess the chemical exposure of the construction workers involved in the reconstruction of the city. To assess the exposure we collected 91 air samples to quantify the occupational exposure to airborne dusts and free crystalline silica dusts. Six construction companies joined the study and hosted the air sampling activities. We identified 4 work tasks: bricklayer and similar; scaffolder and carpenter; manual demolition; other tasks. Personal air sampling was performed by using the SKC AirCheck XR5000 sample pumps. Respirable dust and respirable crystalline silica dusts were collected by using a GS-3 Cyclones and 25 mm PVC filters; inhalable dust was collected by using a I.O.M. sampler and 25 mm PVC filters. The analyses were carried out by using gravimetric determination. Sampling time varied from 4 to 8 hours. The geometric mean values of inhalable dust concentration for the work tasks was: 3,65 mg/m 3 for scaffolder and carpenter; 18,16 mg/m 3 for manual demolition workers; 8,76 mg/m 3 for bricklayer and similar; 6,33 mg/m 3 for other work tasks. The geometric mean values of respirable dust concentration for the work tasks was: 0,67 mg/m 3 for scaffolder and carpenter; 0,92 mg/m 3 for manual demolition workers; 0,72 mg/m 3 for bricklayer and similar; 0,45 mg/m 3 for other work tasks. About the Crystalline Free Silica dust exposure, the average concentration in mg/m 3 was: 0,0038 for manual demolition workers, 0,0057 for scaffolder and carpenter, 0,004 for bricklayer and similar, 0,0035 for other tasks. The comparison of the results shows that manual demolition workers are exposed to considerably high levels of inhalable dusts, exceeding the ACGIH TLV-TWA limit of 10 mg/m 3 . About the respirable dust concentration, none of the work tasks dust concentration exceeded the ACGIH TLV-TWA limit of 3 mg/m 3 . Measurements of crystalline silica dust have shown levels below the threshold limit value of 0,025 mg/m 3 . This is in line with the average concentrations of respirable dust.

Intelligent Engineering Construction Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-161
Author(s):  
Min Hu ◽  
Huiming Wu ◽  
QianRu Chan ◽  
JiaQi Wu ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Equipment Management ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Management Quality ◽  
Management Capacity ◽  
Intelligent Information ◽  
The City

Architecture is an important part of the city, and construction is an indispensable procedure of urban development. From the perspective of “smart construction sites,” this chapter describes the basic system architecture of intelligent information management system for engineering construction and introduces how to use information technology such as internet of things and artificial intelligence to improve the management capacity of engineering construction from the perspective of personnel management, quality management, safety management, equipment management, and environmental management. This chapter also analyzes the advantages and problems of intelligent construction sites in project management and gives specific measures and suggestions to realize smart construction sites.

The Cause Analysis and Countermeasures of Waterlogging in Wuhan

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1962-1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xia
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Network System ◽  
Pipe Network ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Cause Analysis ◽  
Gis Database ◽  
The City ◽  
Heavy Rains

In recent years, many cities have been severely affected by heavy rains, leaving the cities in bad condition. The cause of waterlogging in Wuhan is analyzed, which includes the influence of the extreme weather, the lagging drainage standard, the imperfection of pipe network system, the high hardening rate of the ground, the excessive construction sites and the reducing of the lakes. Then the countermeasures are proposed, which are improving the drainage standard, controlling and utilizing the rainwater source, upgrading the city drainage system, changing the hard ground trend of the city, preserving the natural water and establishing GIS database of the city drainage.

Analysis of the Cadastral Assessment of Lands, Taking into Account Zoning of Lands at a Prestige in Krasnoyarsk

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Ruslan V. Romanov ◽  
Gennady S. Varaksin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Individual Housing ◽  
The City ◽  
The Prestige

The analysis of the state cadastral assessment of land based on the data of zoning of lands according to their prestige in the city of Krasnoyarsk. The need for assessing the prestige of territories of settlements is stated. On the territory of Krasnoyarsk, 3 zones were conditionally allocated in different districts of the city, where plots intended for the construction of individual residential buildings are located. The main parameters of the cadastral assessment of the lands of such territories are considered. A list of parameters is outlined by which the prestige of individual housing construction lands is estimated. The prestige of each zone is determined. Four indicators are identified that form the prestige of the zones in the cadastral assessment of land. The parameters that determine the level of land value depending on their prestige are identified. A tendency has been established to determine the prestige of zones as a result of the classification of the population of these zones by income level and the desire to live on this territory of people of equal social status. The territory of urban space must be divided into zones, according to the criteria of prestige. A comparison is made between the market and cadastral value of land plots. The comparative analysis method revealed that in the most prestigious areas of urban space, the market value of individual housing construction sites exceeds the cadastral value several times. Conclusions are drawn about the dependence of the price of land for individual housing construction on the level of prestige of the territory of urban space and location.

scholarly journals Mapping underground infrastructure using photogrammetric methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark K. Tulloch
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Gps Receiver ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Underground Infrastructure ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

Underground infrastructure mapping in many urban areas lacks the necessary accuracy and detail required to conduct underground construction. This is a result of inadequate surveying methodologies and poor historical as-built records. One solution to this problem is the development of a mobile terrestrial photogrammetric mapping system to expose utilities on construction sites. This thesis outlines the design of the Underground Infrastructure Mapping System (UIMS). The system is comprised of three pieces of hardware including a tablet PC, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, and a digital camera. Results indicte that the UIMS has an absolute spatial accuracy of 28 cm (within the City of Toronto) and a relative accuracy of 13 cm (95% confidence level). The data collection time per exposed utility feature is approximtely ten minutes on site, and an additional five minutes of post-processing. The cost of the system's hardware is under $5000.

scholarly journals HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE PARTICULAR MATER CONTENT IN THE AIR OF ZAPORIZHZHIA CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
А.І. Sevalnev ◽  
L.P. Sharavara ◽  
Yu.V. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Open Hearth ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
The City

Relevance. The greatest threat to human health is provided by the suspended particular mater with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less. Since they can lead to an increase of frequency of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and contribute to an increase in mortality from these diseases. Objective. The research was aimed to carrying out a hygienic assessment of the particular mater content of the PM4 and PM10 fraction in the atmospheric air and in the air of the working area of the metallurgical enterprises. Materials and methods. It was performed the 4000 studies of PM4 and PM10 concentrations in the atmospheric air and 1838 - at workplaces. The study was carried out using a piezo-balanced measuring instrument for mass concentration of respirable dust - KANOMAX 3521. Results. Monitoring of atmospheric air showed that PM4 and PM10 are constant components of atmospheric air in the city of Zaporizhzhya. It was found that the maximum one-time concentrations of PM10 in the ambient air exceeded permissible concentration 20-minute mean only in sporadic cases, with the multiplicity exceeding 1.1-1.2 times. But daily average concentrations of these substances systematically exceeded recommended levels in 1.5 times. It was established that in the agglomeration, in the blast furnace guild and in the open-hearth guild departments the PM10 and PM4 content in the air of the working area was 21.2 and 16.0 times, 31.8 and 24.4 times and 15.5 and 13.2 times more than at workers of factory management, respectively. Conclusion. Organization of constant continuous monitoring of PM content in the air is a prerequisite for a correct assessment of their impact on the health of the population and workers.

scholarly journals Response of the building with a stiffening core during an earthquake of February 02, 2018 in the territory of a metropolis

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Vladimir Lapin ◽  
Syrymgali Yerzhanov ◽  
Kamadiyar Kassenov ◽  
Nurakhmet Makish ◽  
Dilfruza Essenberlina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Tectonic Fault ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Seismic Impact ◽  
Instrumental Records ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Storey Building ◽  
Economic Risks

Earthquakes give rise to a significant number of problems that affect environmental, seismic, and economic risks forthelocalsand construction sites. For the first time in the last 40 years, another local zero depth earthquake was registered in the territory of the city of Almaty. In terms of intensity, this was a 3-4-point earthquake. At 100 meters from the tectonic fault, there is a 16-storey building with a stiffening core and an engineering seismometric service station. With the use of AT 1105 sensors and a PCM-8 recorder, instrumental records of accelerations in the basement and on the roof of the building were recorded, and spectral β curves were constructed. The effective duration of the seismic impact in the basement of the building was quite significant, 47-56 seconds. There is undoubtedly an increase in the intensity of local earthquakes compared to 2007-2014. It was found that at the basement level the value of the vertical component is significantly less than the horizontal one. It is assumed that the abnormally high values of acceleration in the horizontal plane are a consequence of the presence of a tectonic fault near the building. Instrumental records of acceleration (accelerograms) can be used in calculations of both the seismic resistance of an object and the assessment of environmental, social, economic, and non-economic risks.

scholarly journals Seismic monitoring of urban activity in Barcelona during COVID-19 lockdown

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Diaz ◽  
Mario Ruiz ◽  
José-Antonio Jara
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Seismic Noise ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Seismic Amplitude ◽  
Seismic Sensors ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Seismic Vibrations ◽  
The City

Abstract. The city of Barcelona has been covered during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown by a dense seismic network consisting of up to 19 seismic sensors. This network has provided an excellent tool to investigate in detail the background seismic noise variations associated to the lockdown measures. Permanent stations facilitate to compare the seismic noise recorded during the lockdown quieting with long-term variations due to holiday periods. On the other hand, the data acquired by the dense network show the differences between sites located near industrial areas, transportation hubs or residential areas. The results confirm that the quieting of human activity during lockdown has resulted in a reduction of seismic vibrations in the 2–20 Hz band clearly higher than during holiday seasons. This effect is observed throughout the city, but only those stations not affected by very proximal sources of vibration (construction sites, industries) are clearly correlated with the level of activity denoted by other indicators. Our contribution demonstrates that seismic amplitude variations can be used as a proxy for human activity in urban environments, providing details similar to those offered by other mobility indicators.

The Single Body of the City: Public Slaves and the Question of the Greek State

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (03) ◽  
pp. 503-532
Author(s):  
Paulin Ismard
Keyword(s):  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
Single Body ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Administrative Tasks ◽  
The City

AbstractsPublic slavery was an institution common to most Greek cities during the Classical and Hellenistic periods. Whether they worked on the city’s major construction sites, performed minor duties in its civic administration or filled the ranks of its police force (the famous Scythian archers of classical Athens), public slaves may be said to have constituted the first public servants known to Greek cities. Studying them from this perspective can shed new light on the long-running debate about the degree to which thepolisfunctioned as a state. Direct democracy, in the Classical Athenian sense, implied that all political prerogatives be held by the citizens themselves, and not by any kind of state apparatus. The decision to delegate administrative tasks to slaves can thus be understood as a “resistance” (as defined by the French anthropologist Pierre Clastres) on the part of the civic society to the development of this apparatus.

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