Shock Waves, Blast Waves, and Sonic Booms

2007 ◽  
pp. 329-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Raspet
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Blast Waves ◽  
Sonic Booms

scholarly journals Vectorial dispersive shock waves in optical fibers

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nuño ◽  
C. Finot ◽  
G. Xu ◽  
G. Millot ◽  
M. Erkintalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Blast Waves ◽  
Nonlinear Fiber Optics ◽  
Nonlinear Phase ◽  
Perfect Fluids ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
Wave Phenomena

Abstract Dispersive shock waves are a universal phenomenon encountered in many fields of science, ranging from fluid dynamics, Bose-Einstein condensates and geophysics. It has been established that light behaves as a perfect fluid when propagating in an optical medium exhibiting a weakly self-defocusing nonlinearity. Consequently, this analogy has become attractive for the exploration of dispersive shock wave phenomena. Here, we observe of a novel class of vectorial dispersive shock waves in nonlinear fiber optics. Analogous to blast-waves, identified in inviscid perfect fluids, vectorial dispersive shock waves are triggered by a non-uniform double piston imprinted on a continuous-wave probe via nonlinear cross-phase modulation, produced by an orthogonally-polarized pump pulse. The nonlinear phase potential imparted on the probe results in the formation of an expanding zone of zero intensity surrounded by two repulsive oscillating fronts, which move away from each other with opposite velocities.

scholarly journals Nonlinear collisionless damping of Weibel turbulence in relativistic blast waves

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lemoine
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Scattering Length ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Blast Waves ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Magnetic Fluctuations ◽  
Collisionless Shock ◽  
Radiative Processes

The Weibel/filamentation instability is known to play a key role in the physics of weakly magnetized collisionless shock waves. From the point of view of high energy astrophysics, this instability also plays a crucial role because its development in the shock precursor populates the downstream with a small-scale magneto-static turbulence which shapes the acceleration and radiative processes of suprathermal particles. The present work discusses the physics of the dissipation of this Weibel-generated turbulence downstream of relativistic collisionless shock waves. It calculates explicitly the first-order nonlinear terms associated to the diffusive nature of the particle trajectories. These corrections are found to systematically increase the damping rate, assuming that the scattering length remains larger than the coherence length of the magnetic fluctuations. The relevance of such corrections is discussed in a broader astrophysical perspective, in particular regarding the physics of the external relativistic shock wave of a gamma-ray burst.

Propagation of weak shock waves through turbulence

1972 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Plotkin ◽  
A. R. George
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Weak Shock ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Viscosity Coefficient ◽  
Equilibrium Structure ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Wave Direction ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Single Wave ◽  
Sonic Booms

The effect of turbulence on the structure of weak shock waves is investigated. The equilibrium structure is shown to be governed by a balance between nonlinear steepening and the turbulent scattering of acoustic energy out of the main wave direction. The scattered energy appears as perturbations behind the shock front. For conditions typical of sonic booms in atmospheric turbulence the wave structure is governed by a Burgers equation similar to that describing viscous shocks, except that parameters related to the turbulence appear instead of the viscosity coefficient. The magnitude of the perturbations following a shock is estimated from first-order scattering applied to a thickened shock. Predictions of shock thicknesses and perturbations compare favourably with available experimental data. The approach used in the analysis of shock structure is to account for energy scattered from a single wave propagating a long distance through turbulence. This avoids difficulties of physical interpretation which arise if an ensembleaveraged structure is calculated, which is the usual approach in turbulent scattering analysis.

Blast waves propagation in magnetogasdynamics: power series method

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1039-1050
Author(s):  
Munesh Devi ◽  
Rajan Arora ◽  
Deepika Singh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Power Series ◽  
Shock Front ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Analytic Solutions ◽  
Blast Waves ◽  
Series Method ◽  
Power Series Method ◽  
The Magnetic Field

AbstractBlast waves are produced when there is a sudden deposition of a substantial amount of energy into a confined region. It is an area of pressure moving supersonically outward from the source of the explosion. Immediately after the blast, the fore-end of the blast wave is headed by the shock waves, propagating in the outward direction. As the considered problem is highly nonlinear, to find out its solution is a tough task. However, few techniques are available in literature that may give us an approximate analytic solution. Here, the blast wave problem in magnetogasdynamics involving cylindrical shock waves of moderate strength is considered, and approximate analytic solutions with the help of the power series method (or Sakurai’s approach [1]) are found. The magnetic field is supposed to be directed orthogonally to the motion of the gas particles in an ideal medium with infinite electrical conductivity. The density is assumed to be uniform in the undisturbed medium. Using power series method, we obtain approximate analytic solutions in the form of a power series in ${\left({a}_{0}/U\right)}^{2}$, where a0 and U are the velocities of sound in an undisturbed medium and shock front, respectively. We construct solutions for the first-order approximation in closed form. Numerical computations have been performed to determine the flow-field in an ideal magnetogasdynamics. The numerical results obtained in the absence of magnetic field recover the existing results in the literature. Also, these results are found to be in good agreement with those obtained by the Runge–Kutta method of fourth-order. Further, the flow variables are illustrated through figures behind the shock front under the effect of the magnetic field. The interesting fact about the present work is that the solutions to the problem are obtained in the closed form.

Response of an Operational Turbofan Engine to a Simulated Nuclear Blast

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Dunn ◽  
C. Padova ◽  
R. M. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Transient Response ◽  
Incident Shock ◽  
Blast Waves ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Turbofan Engine ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Ludwieg Tube ◽  
Yaw Angle

This paper describes the results of a measurement program designed to determine the transient response of an air-breathing propulsion system to simulated nuclear blast waves. A Ludwieg-tube facility, incorporating a driver technique consisting of an activating chamber and a nonfrangible diaphragm, was used to create the required shock waves. Detailed measurements were performed at incident shock overpressures of approximately 6.9, 10.3, 13.8, and 17.2 kPa (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 psi). For each of these overpressures, data were obtained for engine speeds of 0, 80, 90, and 100 percent of maximum speed. Typical results are presented for distortion patterns at the fan face for both an extended bellmouth and a S-shaped inlet at either 0 or 20 deg yaw angle.

Methods of Studying the Effects of Blast Waves on Ships’ Superstructures

1969 ◽  
Vol 6 (03) ◽  
pp. 268-273
Author(s):  
John M. Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Blast Wave ◽  
Blast Waves ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Structure Response ◽  
Single Degree ◽  
Interaction Of Shock Waves

Techniques are described which have been used to predict the possible effects of blast waves on ships' superstructures. The basic physical properties of a blast wave, the factors which affect these properties, and the techniques for measuring them are discussed. The interaction of shock waves with scaled rigid models is studied in the laboratory and the results are used to predict the blast loading on a full-scale structure. The dynamic response of the structure to this loading through the elastic, elasto-plastic, and plastic regimes can be calculated by reducing the structure to a system of simple single-degree-of-freedom components. These calculations are checked, when the opportunity arises, by studying the structure response on full-scale trials.

Selfsimilar Spherical Compression Waves in Gas Dynamics

1982 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 954-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Meyer-ter-Vehn ◽  
C. Schalk
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Gas Dynamics ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Blast Waves ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Isentropic Compression ◽  
Compression Waves ◽  
Confinement Fusion

A synopsis of different selfsimilar spherical compression waves is given pointing out their fundamental importance for the gas dynamics of inertial confinement fusion. Strong blast waves, various forms of isentropic compression waves, imploding shock waves and the solution for non-isentropic collapsing hollow spheres are included. A classification is given in terms of six singular points which characterise the different solutions and the relations between them. The presentation closely follows Guderley’s original work on imploding shock waves

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