Effect of GR Granule Used as Bed Material to Reduce Agglomeration in BFB Combustion of Biomass with High Alkali Metal Content

2008 ◽  
pp. 705-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Daavitsainen ◽  
R. S. Laitinen ◽  
L. H. Nuutinen ◽  
H. J. Ollila ◽  
M. S. Tiainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
High Alkali ◽  
Bed Material

Intercalation of Sodium-Potassium Alloys Into Graphite

1998 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Antoine ◽  
J.C. Gachon ◽  
D. Guerard
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Purification ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Graphene Layers ◽  
Polymerization Catalyst ◽  
High Alkali ◽  
Intense Heat

ABSTRACTThe intercalation, at room temperature, of the sodium-potassium eutectic into graphite is performed, in a glove box under purified argon. It leads to a high alkali metal content powder. The annealing under vacuum, at 200°C for two days leads to a pure first stage compound whose formula is NaK2C12 with a color and a structure close to that of KC8. This phase is unstable and decomposes slowly in a mixture of KC8 and free alloy. However, this free alloy, which is liquid at room temperature, remains as inclusions between the graphene layers and the compound remains as a powder which can be useful for some applications when one needs large quantities of an alkali metal “solid” at room temperature, e.g. for gas purification (it reacts with oxygen and with moisture), for rapid and intense heat provider (it burns in air and the carbon is also participating to the heating), for ionic polymerization catalyst…

High Surface Area Activated Carbon Prepared from Black Liquor in the Presence of High Alkali Metal Content

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1029-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yan Zhao ◽  
Jing-Pei Cao ◽  
Kazuyoshi Sato ◽  
Yukiko Ogawa ◽  
Takayuki Takarada
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Alkali

Determination of the pH and the free alkali metal content in the pore solution of concrete: Review and experimental comparison

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 13-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Plusquellec ◽  
M.R. Geiker ◽  
J. Lindgård ◽  
J. Duchesne ◽  
B. Fournier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Pore Solution ◽  
Free Alkali ◽  
Experimental Comparison

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of the effect of different NaCl concent on boiler flame combustion process

2021 ◽  
Vol 2108 (1) ◽  
pp. 012097
Author(s):  
Zhihai Cheng ◽  
Jiahao Wang ◽  
Xinhai Han
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Radiation Heat Transfer ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Combustion Region ◽  
Zhundong Coal ◽  
High Alkali ◽  
Factsage Software

Abstract Zhundong coal has been widely concerned because of its high alkali metal content, which brings great danger to the combustion of boiler. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to study the laws and characteristics of alkali metal influencing combustion in the burning process of zhundong coal. A gas-solid two-phase flow combustion model of pulverized coal containing NaCl was established by using Fluent software and FactSage software in a hot experimental combustion furnace. The influence of different NaCl content in pulverized coal on pulverized coal combustion process was discussed. The results show that with the increase of NaCl content in pulverized coal from 0 to 1% and 2%, the flame center temperature in the furnace increases about 80°C and 120°C under the same coal content, so it can be concluded that the increase of NaCl content can promote the combustion process of pulverized coal in the furnace. At the same time, it can be calculated that, with the increase of NaCl content, the flame range of the combustion region inside the furnace increases by 1/3. Because NaCl is decomposed by heat during combustion to help combustion, and the radiation heat transfer increases, the flame radiation range inside the furnace will increase.

scholarly journals Investigating Agglomeration Tendency of Co-Gasification between High Alkali Biomass and Woody Biomass in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed System

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanakorn Kittivech ◽  
Suneerat Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Bubbling Fluidized Bed ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Bed Agglomeration ◽  
High Alkali ◽  
Bed Material

Palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) is known as problematic biomass due to its high alkali content, i.e., more than half of inorganic matter is potassium (K). EFB when used as a fuel in fluidized beds with silica sand as bed material could form the sticky compound K2O·nSiO2 starting at around 750 °C and adhere bed particles together, resulting in bed agglomeration. Blending EFB with rubber wood sawdust (RWS) could improve the chemical properties and consequent ash composition of the blended fuel. In this study, RWS was blended with EFB at three ratios: RWS:EFB = 25:75, RWS:EFB = 50:50, and RWS:EFB = 75:25. Adding RWS to the fuel prolonged de-fluidization time. The high content of CaO in the RWS ash acted as an inhibitor to prevent the formation of K2O·nSiO2 and, instead, enhanced the formation of K2CO3, a higher melting point compound, which reduced bed agglomeration. During the experiment using RWS:EFB = 75:25, no bed agglomeration was found.

Alkali Metal Emission from Filter Ash and Fluidized Bed Material from PFB Gasification of Biomass

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Olsson ◽  
Jan B. C. Pettersson ◽  
Nader Padban ◽  
Ingemar Bjerle
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Bed Material
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