The Ascorbyl Radical/Ascorbate Ratio as an Index of Oxidative Stress in Aquatic Organisms

2011 ◽  
pp. 458-464
Author(s):  
Gabriela Malanga ◽  
María Belén Aguiar ◽  
Susana Puntarulo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Ascorbyl Radical

scholarly journals Enhanced Oxidative Stress and Physiological Damage inDaphnia magnaby Copper in the Presence of Nano-TiO2

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Fan ◽  
M. M. Cui ◽  
Z. W. Shi ◽  
C. Tan ◽  
X. P. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Physiological Regulation ◽  
Toxic Injury ◽  
Transfer Channel ◽  
Atpase Inhibition

This study examines the potential hazard of an individual nanomaterial on the Cu biotoxicity to aquatic organisms.Daphnia magnain the absence or presence of nano-TiO2was exposed to Cu. Maintaining nano-TiO2at a safe concentration cannot eliminate its potential hazard. The biomarkers superoxide dismutase, catalase, and Na+/K+-ATPase inD. magnawere measured. Cu in the presence of nano-TiO2induced higher levels of oxidative stress and physiological damage because of the sorption of Cu. Nano-TiO2also caused Na+/K+-ATPase inhibition possibly by impeding the Na+/K+transfer channel. The correlations among the biomarkers, mortality, and accumulation further showed that the overloading reactive oxygen species generation caused by nano-TiO2contributed to deeper oxidative stress and physiological regulation, thereby causing greater toxic injury.

Micro-encapsulated sensors for in vivo assessment of the oxidative stress in aquatic organisms

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Sadovoy ◽  
Cathleen Teh ◽  
Marco Escobar ◽  
Igor Meglinski ◽  
Vladimir Korzh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
In Vivo Assessment

scholarly journals Effects of Nanoplastics on the Dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae Hulburt from the Perspectives of Algal Growth, Oxidative Stress and Hemolysin Production

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2471
Author(s):  
Su-Chun Wang ◽  
Fei-Fei Liu ◽  
Tian-Yuan Huang ◽  
Jin-Lin Fan ◽  
Zhi-Yin Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽  
Amphidinium Carterae ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
High Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
High Concentrations

Recently, the effects of nanoplastics (NPs) on aquatic organisms have attracted much attention; however, research on the toxicity of NPs to microalgae has been insufficient. In the present study, the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (nano-PS, 50 nm) on growth inhibition, chlorophyll content, oxidative stress, and algal toxin production of the marine toxigenic dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae Hulburt were investigated. Chlorophyll synthesis was promoted by nano-PS on day 2 but was inhibited on day 4; high concentrations of nano-PS (≥50 mg/L) significantly inhibited the growth of A. carterae. Moreover, despite the combined effect of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), high reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were still induced by nano-PS (≥50 mg/L), indicating severe lipid peroxidation. In addition, the contents of extracellular and intracellular hemolytic toxins in nano-PS groups were significantly higher than those in control groups on days 2 and 8, except that those of extracellular hemolytic toxins in the 100 mg/L nano-PS group decreased on day 8 because of severe adsorption of hemolytic toxins to the nano-PS. Hence, the effects of nano-PS on A. carterae are closely linked to nano-PS concentration and surface properties and exposure time. These findings provide a deep understanding of the complex effects of NPs on toxigenic microalgae and present valuable data for assessing their environmental risks.

scholarly journals Combined Toxicity of Xenobiotics Bisphenol A and Heavy Metals on Zebrafish Embryos (Danio rerio)

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Davide Di Paola ◽  
Fabiano Capparucci ◽  
Giovanni Lanteri ◽  
Marika Cordaro ◽  
Rosalia Crupi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
Oxidative Stress Pathway ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Stress Pathway

Environmental pollutants may cause adverse effects on the immune system of aquatic organisms. This study revealed that combination of environmental pollutants and Bisphenol A(BPA) could cause an acute inflammatory response in zebrafish larvae as shown by body alterations, which may imply a common immunotoxicity mechanism for most environmental pollutants. In the present study we evaluated the toxicity after co-exposure of BPA and Cd or Cr (III) in zebrafish embryos and larvae, and the oxidative stress pathway involved. Evaluation of lethal and developmental endpoints such as hatching, edema, malformations, abnormal heart rate and survival rate were evaluated after 96 h of exposure. Combination of BPA at 10 μM with Cd or Cr at 0.5 μM exposure induce malformations at 96 hpf in zebrafish larvae, as well as significantly increases oxidative stress and induce apoptosis on larvae. Our study suggested how environmental pollutant showed a synergistic effect at common not-effective doses, promoting decrease of antioxidant defense and contrasted fish development.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Calcium Dyshomeostasis Mediated CPF-Induces EPC Cell Apoptosis and Necroptosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiying Miao ◽  
Jiawen Cui ◽  
Meijin Yu ◽  
Xiaohua Teng
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide ◽  
Epithelioma Papulosum Cyprini ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
The Common ◽  
Stress Related Genes ◽  
Novel Concept

Abstract Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a broadly used organophosphate insecticide, and as environmental contamination has been confirmed to be harmful to the health of humans and animals, the effects of CPF on fish are still unclear. We aim to detect whether CPF has effects on the common carps, and identify the mechanisms of the effects. In accordance with the IC50 of CPF for epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells was 8.945 µM, 0, 3, 5 and 7 µM CPF were marked as C, L, M and H group. The results indicated that CPF exposure led to oxidative stress in EPC cells. Moreover, Calcium ion (Ca2+) imaging indicated that CPF triggers Ca2+ dyshomeostasis, as induced ER Ca2+ fluxed into cytoplasm and mitochondrial, and mediates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, which have further confirmed with the increased transcription of ER stress related genes. Meanwhile, CPF induced collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), enhancement of ROS generation and depletion of ATP level in both cytoplasm and mitochondrial, substantiated mitochondrial dysfunction has been evoked. Besides, the AO/EB staining and flow cytometry analysis ascertained that CPF induces apoptosis and necroptosis in EPC cells. Hence, we further verified that via determining the expression of apoptotic pathway genes and necroptotic pathway genes. Consequently, we illuminated the mechanisms of CPF effects on the common carps from the perspective of Ca2+ homeostasis, and provided a novel concept for investigating the toxicity of CPF as environmental pollution on aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals Physiological, Developmental, and Biomarker Responses of Zebrafish Embryos to Sub-Lethal Exposure of Bendiocarb

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Gyöngyi Gazsi ◽  
Zsolt Czimmerer ◽  
Bence Ivánovics ◽  
Izabella Roberta Berta ◽  
Béla Urbányi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Early Life Stage ◽  
World Health ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Health Organization

Bendiocarb is a broad-spectrum insecticide recommended for malaria control by the World Health Organization (WHO). Still, bendiocarb poses a toxic risk to populations of nontargeted aquatic organisms. Thus, our study was aimed to evaluate the sub-lethal effects of bendiocarb exposure on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos by assessing of physiological, developmental, and biochemical parameters. Bendiocarb-induced adverse effects on embryonic development, larval growth, heart rate, changes in phase II detoxifying enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, oxidative stress-related enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)), and the damage-linked biomarker lipid peroxidation (LPO) in early life stage zebrafish were investigated. Our results highlight that the selected nonlethal concentrations (96 h median lethal concentration in this study was 32.52 mg/L−1) of bendiocarb inflicted adverse effects resulting in embryo deformities (96 h EC50 = 2.30 mg L−1), reduced body- and notochord length (above 0.75 and 0.39 mg L−1 bendiocarb concentrations at 96 hpf, respectively), oxidative stress, and altered heart rate (above 0.4 mg L−1 at 48 hpf) in the studied model system.

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