Gender differences in oral health in South Asia: Metadata imply multifactorial biological and cultural causes

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Lukacs
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Cultural Causes

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Nutritional, Odontological and Psychological Patterns of Adolescent Students during COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8499
Author(s):  
Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez ◽  
José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera ◽  
P. Javier López-Pérez ◽  
Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Psychological Inflexibility ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Adolescent Students

This research aimed to explore gender differences in nutritional, odontological and psychological patterns of adolescent students during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to achieve the study’s aim, 127 adolescent students (17.61 ± 7.43 years) completed an online questionnaire which analysed variables regarding their psychological, nutritional, oral health, and physical activity profiles and habits during the COVID-19 crisis. Students showed a higher weekly alcohol consumption and higher levels of loneliness perception when alcohol consumption was lower. In addition, experimental avoidance and psychological inflexibility values were lower when the perception of having dry mouth or lack of saliva is higher. The results also show that males presented a more varied intake of food than females and a stronger adherence to physical activity routines. Female students presented a lower number of meals per day when beer and alcohol consumption was higher, and a higher tendency for fat- and sugar-rich foods such as fast food or bakery products than males. Regarding the oral health profile, females showed higher values in daily tooth brushing and no significant differences were found in dry mouth and gastritis variables. The results from the present study could be used by various educational institutions to implement multidisciplinary interventions to develop healthier habits.

scholarly journals An Analytical Study on Gender Differences in Self‐Reported Oral Health Care and Problems of Japanese Employees

1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Kawamura ◽  
Fredrick Allan Clive Wright ◽  
Hisako Sasahara ◽  
Yukiko Yamasaki ◽  
Sookja Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Japanese Employees

scholarly journals GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ORAL CARE HABITS, ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOURS OF ADOLESCENTS IN THE CITY OF KLAIPEDA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 870-875
Author(s):  
Šarūnė Barsevičienė ◽  
Eglė Žymantienė ◽  
Jurgita Andruškienė
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Study Results

Background. For many, the adolescent years can be a difficult emotional period and a time when dental and medical needs may be neglected. Oral health is one of the most unmet health care needs of adolescents. Oral diseases can have a profound effect on overall health, including pain, missed school, heart disease, and even death (Silk and Kwok, 2017).Aim of the survey: to study the gender differences in oral hygiene habits, attitudes and behaviours in Klaipeda city adolescents sample.Methods: There were 1206 questionnaires distributed (response rate 95.3 %). A total of 1150 adolescents participated in the study, with 52.4 % being girls, and the mean age was 13.4 years.Results. The study results demonstrated girls more often brushed their teeth than boys, 86.8 % and 68.5 %, respectively (p<0.001). Almost all the participants (98.5 %) used toothpaste and a toothbrush on a daily basis, but girls more often used dental floss (66.3 % as compared to boys 33.7 %, p<0.001), mouthwash (60.3 % as compared to boys 39.7 %, p<0.001) and other dental care products (79.5 % as compared to boys 20.5 %, p<0.05) for toothbrushing and daily dental care. The girls brushed their teeth in the morning (92.9 %) and before bedtime (91.0 %), as well as the boys (85.0 % and 77.5 %, respectively, p<0.001).Conclusions. Girls demonstrated better oral health care habits, comparing to boys. Boys had greater, as compared to girls, dental fear, restricting them from having regular appointments for check-ups at the dental office. Girls more frequently than boys had an attitude that teeth should be kept clean for aesthetic purposes and in order to ensure their longevity. Girls preferred to seek a dentist’s help as soon as it is needed and to maintain good oral health, because it’s essential to human health in general.

scholarly journals Regional and gender differences in population-based oral health insurance data

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 2331-2339
Author(s):  
Tanja Stamm ◽  
Valentin Ritschl ◽  
Alexander Platzer ◽  
Maisa Omara ◽  
Erika Mosor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Health Insurance Data ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Insurance Data

Abstract Objective Early dental monitoring contributes substantially to good oral health in children. However, little is known on whether children from different geographical regions and gender are equally reached with current preventive and curative oral health strategies. The aim of our study therefore was to explore regional and gender differences in a population-based oral health dataset of Austrian children up to the age of 14. Materials and methods We extracted the first electronically available health insurance data of children aged up to 14 years on dental services within a 4-year observation period in Austria and performed a separate analysis in up to 6-year-old children. In addition, we used a smaller randomly selected sample dataset of 3000 children as the large numbers would result in significant, but very small effects. Results In a total of 130,895 children, of whom 77,173 children (59%) were up to the age of six, we detected an east-west gradient: The eastern regions of Austria showed an older age at first contact and a higher number of dental services. A child aged up to 6 years who needed more than four dental services had a likelihood of 40% to be from Vienna, Austria’s capital city located in the east. The smaller random sample did not show significant gender differences. Conclusions Even in regions with a high density of dentists, such as Vienna, we obviously did not reach young children in the same extent as in other regions. Clinical relevance Stratified interventions could be developed to overcome regional inequalities.

False Specialization and the Purdah of Scholarship—A Review Article

1984 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Papanek
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Hindu Tradition ◽  
The Face ◽  
Women Scholars ◽  
And Gender ◽  
New Research

Within the last decade, many publications have appeared in South Asia (especially India) and North America on subjects relating to women. Scholars concerned with the study of South Asia have generally neglected these publications instead of integrating them into research and teaching on South Asia. This neglect results from a “false specialization” on both subject matter and scholars interested in research on women, which has led to a “purdah of scholarship” or segregation of the new scholarship on women. The reasons for this segregation include prejudice, the absence of an emphasis on family and kinship in current South Asia studies, neglect of research on Muslim populations, the complexities of gender in the Hindu tradition, and the nature of institutional support for research on women. Advocacy for women's equality is characteristic of the new research on women in South Asia, both by North American and South Asian writers. The core of the substantive argument presented in the article is as follows: Gender differences are among the fault lines along which the effects of major social, economic, political changes are distributed within populations. Gender relations are proving to be vulnerable in the face of rapid change. The increased consciousness of women's issues in South Asia is the result of accelerated changes within these societies which have affected gender differences and gender relations. Gender is increasingly understood to be a factor in accelerating class differentiation and in other processes of change.New contributions to the research literature on women and gender in South Asia are reviewed under three headings: (1) “complementary” studies that highlight forgotten sectors of the population; (2) stocktaking assessments that summarize data about women and government activities; (3) “integrative” studies that aim to develop social theory and methodology. The final section of the review suggests new lines for future scholarship, particularly with regard to control over female labor deployment.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the COVID-19 Pandemic Risk Perception, Psychology and Behaviors of Spanish University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3908
Author(s):  
Stephanie Rodriguez-Besteiro ◽  
José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera ◽  
Jesús Fernández-Lucas ◽  
Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
University Students ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Physical Activity Patterns

The actual COVID-19 pandemic scenario has generated a context of uncertainty, helplessness, and inequality. Yet, the perception of COVID-19 risk has influenced nutritional, psychological, and physical activity patterns depending on gender. We conducted the present research with the aim of studying gender differences of university students in the perceived risk of the COVID-19 pandemic, and in psychological, nutritional, oral health, and physical activity habits. To reach the study’s aim, 300 volunteer university students completed an online questionnaire which analyzed variables of perceived risk of the COVID-19 pandemic, psychological profiles, and nutritional, oral health, and physical activity habits. Results showed that females presented a higher perception of danger to the COVID-19 virus than males but showed no differences in how the pandemic has affected personal lives. Females showed higher values of anxiety, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience, while males presented higher values of extraversion. Nutritionally, males presented greater consumption of soft drinks, meat, and pasta or rice, and lower buccal hygiene. Yet, no differences were found regarding physical activity patterns. Results from the present study could be used by various educational institutions to implement multidisciplinary interventions to reduce the stress and risk perception.

scholarly journals Oral health related quality of life and self-esteem in a general population

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. S65-S72
Author(s):  
Alexandru Graţian Grecu ◽  
Robert Balazsi ◽  
Diana Dudea ◽  
Anca Ștefania Mesaroș ◽  
Maria Strîmbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Dental Aesthetics ◽  
Health Related

Background and aims. The interest in the research of both Oral Health Related Quality Of Life and dental aesthetics has increased in the recent years. The aim of the current study consists in the evaluation of the perception of oral-health, dental aesthetics and self-esteem in a general population. Methods. A group of students of the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, were trained in the field of questionnaire interviewing. The students were asked to apply the following questionnaires to a number of maximum five close persons: the OHIP-14Aesthetic questionnaire, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale and a questionnaire evaluating demographic data. Each interviewed subject provided informed consent. The sample included 97 subjects with an age range of 18-75 years. For each of the three applied questionnaires overall scores were computed and used for the calculation of Pearson correlations and inferential statistical procedures: the t-test. Results. Related to the complete sample (N=97), the highest OHIP-14Aesthetic scores were obtained for the functional limitation (mean score of 2.22), physical pain (mean score of 2.72) and psychological discomfort (mean score of 1.37) subscales. The highest Rosenberg self-esteem scale scores were obtained for the following questions: “I think I am no good at all” (mean score of 3.50), “feel useless at times” (mean score of 3.53), “inclined to feel that I am a failure” (mean score 3.77), “positive attitude toward myself” (mean score of 3.50). Statistically significant correlations were registered between the overall Rosenberg self-esteem scale score and the scores of the following OHIP-14Aesthetic subscales: psychological discomfort (r = -0.201, p = 0.49), physical disability (r = -0.219, p = 0.031), psychological disability (r = -0.218, p = 0.032), social disability (r = -0.203, p = 0.046). The t-test revealed statistically significant gender differences, in regard to the OHIP-14Aesthetic overall score t(95) = -2,820, p = 0.006. Conclusions. The current study indicates the existence of statistically significant gender differences in the perception of oral health and a series of dental aesthetics elements in a general population. Moreover, statistically significant correlations were obtained between the perception of oral health and the perception of self-esteem.

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