Assessment of Vision Function and Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Adults through Questionnaire Surveys

Introduction: Among older adults with diabetes, cognitive dysfunction is of particular concern as it has implications for treatment adherence and diabetes self-management. The prevalence of cognitive dysfunction has not been well characterized in this population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 5509 participants (1815 with diabetes) from visit 5 (2011-2013) of the ARIC Study. Diabetes was defined based on self-reported physician diagnosis, diabetes medication use, or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. Cognitive function was measured using 8 neuropsychological tests, which were grouped into three cognitive domains representing memory, executive function, and language. Participants were categorized as having cognitive dysfunction if test scores were more than 1.5 standard deviations below age-, race-, and education-adjusted scores derived from a cognitively healthy population. We calculated crude prevalence estimates and used Poisson regression to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs), comparing cognitive dysfunction in persons with and without diabetes. We adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics. Results: The mean age of participants was 75 years, 59% were female, 79% were white, and 33% had diabetes. In each domain, the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction among persons with diabetes ranged from 14% to 27%. Persons with diabetes were more likely than persons without diabetes to have dysfunction in multiple domains (PR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.49). Prevalence of cognitive dysfunction was significantly higher in persons with versus without diabetes for memory (PR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.25), language (PR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.45), and executive function (PR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.22)(Figure). PRs were similar in crude models. Conclusions: The prevalence of cognitive dysfunction among older adults with diabetes is high. These results have implications for how physicians educate patients in appropriate self-management practices and for the prevention of diabetes-related complications.

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Stability of neuropsychological test performance in older adults serving as normative controls for a study on postoperative cognitive dysfunction

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-020-4919-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Insa Feinkohl ◽

Friedrich Borchers ◽

Sarah Burkhardt ◽

Henning Krampe ◽

Antje Kraft ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

Test Performance ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction

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Postural control in older adults with cognitive dysfunction

Physical Therapy Reviews ◽

10.1179/108331906x144055 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 169-170

Author(s):

Leigh Hale

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Postural Control ◽

Cognitive Dysfunction

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Sleep quality mediates the relationship between frailty and cognitive dysfunction in non-demented middle aged to older adults

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610220000150 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 663-663

Author(s):

Sonya Kaur ◽

Nikhil Banerjee ◽

Michelle Miranda ◽

Mitchell Slugh ◽

Ni Sun Suslow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

Middle Aged ◽

The Relationship

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Hyperglycemia and Metformin Use Are Associated With B Vitamin Deficiency and Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Adults

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2018-01791 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (10) ◽

pp. 4837-4847 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Kirsty M Porter ◽

Mary Ward ◽

Catherine F Hughes ◽

Maurice O’Kane ◽

Leane Hoey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

Vitamin B6 ◽

Vitamin Deficiency ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Metformin Treatment ◽

Fortified Foods ◽

B Vitamin ◽

The Impact

AbstractContextEmerging evidence suggests that deficiencies of folate-related B vitamins can arise with metformin treatment and are independently linked with cognitive dysfunction, a comorbidity of diabetes.ObjectiveTo determine the impact of hyperglycemia and metformin use on relevant B vitamin biomarkers and cognitive outcomes in older adults.Setting and ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling older adults (74.1 ± 8.3 years, n = 4160) without dementia, recruited to the Trinity, Ulster and Department of Agriculture cohort study in 2008 to 2012, were classified as normoglycemic (n = 1856) or hyperglycemic, based on HbA1c ≥5.7% (39 mmol/mol), either with (n = 318) or without (n = 1986) metformin treatment.Main Outcome MeasuresBiomarkers of folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and riboflavin were measured. Cognitive assessments included the Repeatable Battery for Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB).ResultsMetformin use was associated with higher risk of deficiency of vitamin B12 (combined B12 index ≤−1; OR 1.45; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.02) and vitamin B6 (plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate <30.0 nmol/L; OR 1.48; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.15). Fortified foods when eaten regularly had a positive impact on all relevant B vitamin biomarkers, even with hyperglycemia. After adjustment for relevant covariates, metformin use was associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction as assessed with the RBANS (OR 1.36; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.80) and FAB (OR 1.34; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.74).ConclusionsUse of metformin by older adults is associated with poorer cognitive performance; B vitamin deficiency may be implicated. Fortified foods can optimize B vitamin status and may be beneficial for maintaining better cognitive health in older people with or at risk for diabetes.

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Educational Program for Promoting Collaboration Between Community Care Professionals and Convenience Stores

Journal of Applied Gerontology ◽

10.1177/0733464819871878 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (7) ◽

pp. 760-769 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ayumi Igarashi ◽

Hiroshige Matsumoto ◽

Manami Takaoka ◽

Haruna Kugai ◽

Miho Suzuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Educational Program ◽

Social Care ◽

Community Care ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Convenience Store ◽

Convenience Stores ◽

Perceptions And Attitudes ◽

Questionnaire Surveys ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Convenience stores play an important role in supporting community-dwelling older adults’ lives. This study aimed to describe the development of and to evaluate an educational program to promote collaboration between communities and convenience stores in Japan. We developed the educational program based on interviews of convenience store staff to encourage them to collaborate with health/social care professionals for helping older adults. We conducted pre- and post-program questionnaire surveys of 184 participants to evaluate the program. After the program, the total score for attitudes toward dementia ( p = .010) improved significantly among the convenience store staff. On the contrary, the score for “solidarity and proactiveness,” a subscale for sense of community, improved significantly among health/social care professionals ( p = .003). This educational program can have a significant effect on the perceptions and attitudes for supporting older adults, depending on the participants’ occupations. This educational program could foster community networks, leading to an age-friendly community.

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Television Viewing and Cognitive Dysfunction of Korean Older Adults

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare8040547 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 547

Author(s):

Mi Sook Jung ◽

Eunyoung Chung

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

Cognitive Aging ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Later Life ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Tv Viewing ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact

This study examined the association between television (TV) viewing and cognitive dysfunction in elderly Koreans. Among participants of the 2014 National Survey of Older Koreans, 9644 were considered in this study. To better identify the association between two factors, propensity score (PS) matching with exact method was used. Finally, 168 viewers and non-viewers each were selected based on estimated PS on key variables and eliminating double matches. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed when controlling for possible covariates. Viewers were more likely to have cognitive dysfunction than non-viewers, with significant differences in most covariates. After correcting confounding effects of these covariates with PS matching, TV viewing was found to be a significant risk factor of cognitive dysfunction, along with absence of diagnosed hypertension and non-participation in physical leisure activities. TV viewing might be associated with increased risk of cognitive dysfunction in later life. Appropriate education and strategies to minimize TV viewing among older adults should be established to contribute to attenuating cognitive aging. More interventional studies can help older adults, caregivers, and healthcare professionals explore the cognitively beneficial alternatives to TV use considering the impact of socioeconomic factors of selecting TV viewing as a preferred leisure activity.

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