Changes in coronary arteries of mice fed a high-fat, low-protein diet followed by a normal diet

Epidemiological studies suggest a link between fetal/early infant nutrition and adult coronary artery disease. In the present study, we examined the effects of altering nutrition during gestation, lactation and juvenile life on aortic structure and function in rats. Wistar rat dams were fed either a control or low-protein diet throughout pregnancy, or a low-protein diet for the final 7 days of gestation only. At 21 days post-partum, male pups were weaned on to a control, low-protein or high-fat diet. At 12 weeks, the offspring rats were killed. In 46 rats, aortic sections were mounted and stained to assess media thickness and elastin content. In a further 38 rats, aortic rings were suspended in an organ bath and vascular reactivity was tested with dose–response curves to the endothelium-dependent dilator acetylcholine and the endothelium-independent dilator sodium nitroprusside. Rats exposed to maternal protein restriction while in utero had a significantly decreased aortic wall thickness compared with control rats (P=0.005). Total elastin content of the aorta was also decreased by both maternal low-protein (P=0.02) and early postnatal low-protein (P=0.01) diets. Neither maternal nor postnatal low-protein or high-fat diets, however, resulted in any significant changes in arterial dilator function. In conclusion, fetal undernutrition in rats, induced via a maternal low-protein diet, causes a decrease in aortic wall thickness and elastin content without altering aortic dilator function. These changes in vascular structure may amplify aging-related changes to the vasculature and contribute to the pathophysiology of the putative link between impaired fetal growth and adult cardiovascular disease.

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Vagotomy Reduces Insulin Clearance in Obese Mice Programmed by Low-Protein Diet in the Adolescence

Neural Plasticity ◽

10.1155/2017/9652978 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Camila Lubaczeuski ◽

Luciana Mateus Gonçalves ◽

Jean Franciesco Vettorazzi ◽

Mirian Ayumi Kurauti ◽

Junia Carolina Santos-Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Secretion ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Insulin Clearance ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Insulin Degrading Enzyme ◽

Low Protein

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy on insulin sensitivity, secretion, and degradation in metabolic programmed mice, induced by a low-protein diet early in life, followed by exposure to a high-fat diet in adulthood. Weaned 30-day-old C57Bl/6 mice were submitted to a low-protein diet (6% protein). After 4 weeks, the mice were distributed into three groups: LP group, which continued receiving a low-protein diet; LP + HF group, which started to receive a high-fat diet; and LP + HFvag group, which underwent vagotomy and also was kept at a high-fat diet. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in isolated islets, ipGTT, ipITT, in vivo insulin clearance, and liver expression of the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) was accessed. Vagotomy improved glucose tolerance and reduced insulin secretion but did not alter adiposity and insulin sensitivity in the LP + HFvag, compared with the LP + HF group. Improvement in glucose tolerance was accompanied by increased insulinemia, probably due to a diminished insulin clearance, as judged by the lower C-peptide : insulin ratio, during the ipGTT. Finally, vagotomy also reduced liver IDE expression in this group. In conclusion, when submitted to vagotomy, the metabolic programmed mice showed improved glucose tolerance, associated with an increase of plasma insulin concentration as a result of insulin clearance reduction, a phenomenon probably due to diminished liver IDE expression.

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Effect of High-Salt, High-Carbohydrate, Low-Protein Diet on Hypertension in the Rat

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs045099s ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 45 (s1) ◽

pp. 99s-102s

Author(s):

Hideo Ueda

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

High Protein Diet ◽

Normal Diet ◽

High Salt ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Heart Weight ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Low Protein

1. High-salt, high-carbohydrate and low-protein diet induces remarkable elevation of blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). 2. These animals have low serum potassium, low blood urea nitrogen and high blood sugar. 3. Heart weight is increased in proportion to the elevation of blood pressure. 4. Kidney weight of rats receiving the high-salt, high-carbohydrate and low-protein diet was, by contrast, smaller than SHR receiving a normal diet. 5. The kidneys of SHR receiving a high-salt, high-protein diet were twice as heavy as the kidneys of normal rats. 6. Similar dietary modifications in Goldblatt hypertensive rats to those in SHR produced similar changes in blood pressure and heart weight.

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High fat-low protein diet induces metabolic alterations and cognitive dysfunction in female rats

Metabolic Brain Disease ◽

10.1007/s11011-019-00459-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 1531-1546 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ravinder Naik Dharavath ◽

Shiyana Arora ◽

Mahendra Bishnoi ◽

Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi ◽

Kanwaljit Chopra

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Female Rats ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Metabolic Alterations ◽

Low Protein

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INSULIN HYPERPHAGIA IN RATS FED A LOW-PROTEIN DIET

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y65-021 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 225-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

J. R. Beaton ◽

V. Feleki ◽

J. A. F. Stevenson

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Body Fat ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Eating Pattern ◽

Low Protein ◽

Running Activity ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Rebound Increase

This investigation was undertaken to ascertain if daily treatment with insulin, known to increase lipogenesis, fat deposition, and food intake on a normal diet, could overcome or prevent, the hypophagia of rats fed a low-protein (5% casein) diet. Male Wistar rats on 20 or 5% casein diets were injected subcutaneously daily for 25 days with 2 units/100 g body weight of protamine zinc insulin (PZI) or saline. PZI increased the food intake and weight gain on both diets but not linear growth. It increased body fat markedly and protein slightly on the low-protein diet and body fat only on the normal diet. In a second similar experiment, in which treatment was continued for 17 days, PZI caused no change in resting oxygen consumption from that of the controls on either diet but did prevent the increase in running activity that rats on a low-protein diet show. In both experiments, although the insulin-treated rats on low-protein diet ate as many calories as the saline-treated controls on the normal diet, they gained significantly less weight. This paradox remains unexplained.The rebound increase in blood sugar following injection of PZI was relatively much faster in the low-protein animals. This was associated with a more immediate and greater food intake suggesting a "meal-eating" pattern of food intake in these animals which may have also enhanced lipogenesis.

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Effect of nutrition on growth and somatomedin A levels in the rat

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0940321 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 94 (3) ◽

pp. 321-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kazue Takano ◽

Naomi Hizuka ◽

Kazuo Shizume ◽

Yoko Hasumi ◽

Toshio Tsushima

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Body Weight ◽

Normal Growth ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Low Protein ◽

High Fat Diets ◽

Hypophysectomized Rats ◽

Fat Diets

Abstract. Serum somatomedin A was significantly reduced after 3 days of fasting in rats with a mean decrease of 23.6 ± 2.4% (N = 18) of initial values. Re-feeding for one day produced a definite increase in somatomedin A, with a rise in body weight. When re-fed isocalorically for 21 days with diets of different quality, a low protein diet led to smaller increases in both seum somatomedin A and body weight in comparison to those of control-, high-protein- and high fat-diets (P < 0.001). There is a positive correlation between the increase in body weight and serum somatomedin A levels (N = 70, r = 0.71, P< 0.001). The effect of growth hormone on somatomedin generation was abolished in hypophysectomized rats fed with low-protein diet. Our study suggests that protein in the diet is important for the generation of somatomedin A, which is necessary for normal growth.

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Hepatic adenine nucleotide metabolism measuredin vivo in rats fed ethanol and a high fat-low protein diet

Hepatology ◽

10.1002/hep.1840080111 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 53-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Kei Miyamoto ◽

Samuel W. French

Keyword(s):

Adenine Nucleotide ◽

Nucleotide Metabolism ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Low Protein ◽

Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism

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Immunohistochemical detection of changes in growth hormone cells in rat pituitaries in protein deficiency

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19750004 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 11-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Therese Drummond

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Immunohistochemical Method ◽

Deficient Diet ◽

Low Protein ◽

Gh Cells ◽

Protein Free Diet ◽

Cell Changes

1. An immunohistochemical method was used to study the effect of a low-protein diet on growth hormone (GH) cells in the pituitaries of developing rats. The deficient diet (80 g protein/kg) was administered during gestation and lactation, or during the time after weaning until 90 d of age, or during both periods.2. GH-cell changes were much more striking in males than in females.3. In males, GH-producing cells were usually reduced in size and number in all treatments. The effect was most intense when protein deprivation occurred throughout gestation and sucking, and continued until 90 d of age, but it was also evident in animals given the low protein diet only after weaning. Recuperation appeared to be almost complete when offspring of deprived dams were fed on a normal diet after weaning.4. It is concluded that a low-protein diet reduces the amount of GH in the rat pituitary in a way similar to that with a protein-free diet.

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