ChemInform Abstract: CYCLISATION OF PHENACYLISOQUINOLINIUM BROMIDE AND PHENACYLQUINOLINIUM BROMIDE WITH AMMONIUM ACETATE IN ACETIC ACID, A REINVESTIGATION

1975 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
R. F. COOKSON ◽  
D. P. NOWOTNIK ◽  
R. T. PARFITT
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ammonium Acetate

Studies on Ylides: Reactions of N -Pyridinium Phenancylides with α,β-Unsaturated Ketones, I

1974 ◽  
Vol 29 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 552-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purshottam S. Kendurkar ◽  
Ram S. Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Ir And Nmr Spectra ◽  
Unsaturated Ketones

Reactions of N-pyridinium phenancylides with different a, β-unsaturated ketones give 2,4,6-triarylsubstituted pyridines, 2,6-diphenyl-4-(2-pyridyl) pyridines, 2-benzylidene-4,6-diphenyl pyridines and 2,4,6-triphenyl-3-bromopyridine. Ammonium acetate in acetic acid was used as cyclization agent. The structure of the products are supported by IR and NMR spectra.

Enaminones as Building Blocks In Heterocyclic Synthesis: A New One Pot Synthesis of Polyfunctional Substituted Pyridines

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1074-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Michel Agamy ◽  
Mervat Mohammed Abdel-Khalik ◽  
Mona Hassan Mohamed ◽  
Mohammed Hilmy Elnagdi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Aromatic Aldehyde ◽  
Michael Addition ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Heterocyclic Synthesis ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Active Methyl ◽  
Substituted Pyridines

Enaminones react with a variety of active methyl and methylene reagents in presence of ammonium acetate to yield functionally substituted pyridines in good yields. The reaction proceeded via initial Michael addition across the double bond followed by cyclization. The reaction of enaminone with aromatic aldehyde in acetic acid/ammonium acetate afforded the dihydropyridine that was oxidized to the corresponding pyridine.

pH Measurement Problems Affecting Assay of Carcinoembryonic Antigen

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack H Ladenson ◽  
C Elliott Bell
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
Acid Buffer ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Acetic Acid Buffer ◽  
Ph Electrodes ◽  
Commercial Kit

Abstract Measurement with combination pH electrodes of the pH of the dilute buffers used in a commercial kit (CEA-Roche) for assay of carcinoembryonic antigen resulted in pH values 0.1 to 0.3 unit lower than pH values measured on an electrode system with a capillary junction. If the pH values of these buffers were adjusted, based on such measurements, an error in the assay of 0.2 to 0.6 ng/ml in the 1.5-3.0 ng/ml range would result. We recommend that the pH of dialyzed samples and of the working ethylenediaminetetraacetate and ammonium acetate-acetic acid buffers be monitored with pH electrodes that have a capillary junction between sample and saturated KCl, as is true of most blood-pH instruments. We also recommend use of a 1 mol/liter rather than 2.5 mol/liter stock ammonium acetate-acetic acid buffer, because of the closer similarity of the pH of buffers at this molarity to those at 0.01 mol/liter.

Synthesis of 3-Unsubstituted 4-Aryl-4,7-Dihydrothieno[2,3-b]Pyridine-2,5-Dicarboxylates / 3-Neaizvietotu 4-Aril-4,7-Dihidrotiēno[2,3-B]Piridīn-2,5-Dikarbonskābes Esteru Sintēze

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
I. Adlere ◽  
A. Krauze ◽  
G. Duburs
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Aromatic Aldehyde ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Sodium Ethoxide ◽  
Meldrum's Acid ◽  
Meldrum’S Acid ◽  
Methyl Acetoacetate

Novel 3-unsubstituted 4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines were prepared by heterocyclization of methyl acetoacetate, an aromatic aldehyde and Meldrum’s acid in the presence of ammonium acetate in glacial acetic acid, followed by treatment of formed intermediates - pyridones with Wilsmeier-Haack reagent and with ethyl mercaptoacetate in the presence of sodium ethoxide in dry ethanol.

Evaluation of soil tests for the estimation of available sulphur

1977 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Arora ◽  
G. S. Sekhon
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Glasshouse Experiment ◽  
Yield Responses

SUMMARYIn a glasshouse experiment, sulphur was applied to 22 soils as 35S-labelled gypsum. Estimates of available sulphur using different extractants were correlated with yield responses and sulphur uptakes by oats. The largest correlation coefficients were obtained with ‘A’ values and sulphur soluble in 0·5 M-NaHC03, 1% NaCl after heating and ammonium acetate–acetic acid. Critical levels of available sulphur obtained by relating these four methods to yield responses were 24·0, 22·0, 11·0 and 10·5 mgS/kg soil respectively.

Use of the quantity/potential relationship to provide a scale of the ability of extractants to remove soil potassium

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Addiscott
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Potential Curve ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Potential Relationship ◽  
Gain And Loss

SUMMARYQuantity/potential relationships, between gain and loss of K by the soil and K potential (RT In ακ/⊧αca+Mg) were determined on twenty-seven Rothamsted and Woburn soils. K extracted by neutral N ammonium acetate, by H-resin and 0·5 M sodium bicarbonate (pH 8·5) were also measured.The ability of an extractant to remove soil K is equated to a K potential (derived from the quantity/potential curve) which the soil attains on removing K equal to that taken out by extractant. Mean values for all soils were – 4995 ± 97 cal/equiv for the ammonium acetate, – 6081 ± 88 cal/equiv for the H-resin and – 4336 ±117 cal/equiv for the sodium bicarbonate extractants. For the first and last extractants the ability to remove K was less in rich than in poor soils.Varying the ammonium ion concentration from 0·1 N to 1 N in ammonium acetate/acetic acid mixtures, N in acetate ions, did not greatly affect their ability to remove K.

scholarly journals Mechanism of persistence of indigenous bifidobacteria under the impact of acetate in the human colon biotope

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-282
Author(s):  
O. V. Bukharin ◽  
S. V. Andryuschenko ◽  
N. B. Perunova ◽  
E. V. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To determine the role of the acetate in the persistence of indigenous bifidobacteria in the colon biotope through the lysozyme resistance in model conditions of the acetylation–deacetylation of peptidoglycan.Materials and methods. The study was performed on 16 strains of the two indigenous bifidobacteria speсies: Bifidobacterium bifidum и Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum. Bifidobacteria was cultivated in the 0.6% O2 and 9% CO2 atmosphere at the temperature 37ºС in CO2 incubator for 48 hours. The production of the acetate by the bifidobacteria was determined by gas chromatography. The effect of the acetate on the lysozyme resistance of non-indigenous gram-positive bacteria was determined on the Listeria monocytogenes ICIS-280 model strain by the cultivation in LB-Lennox broth with ammonium acetate added in the concentration range matching the concentrations produced by the studied bifidobacteria, in lysozyme serial dilutions at final concentrations 5 μg/ml to 40 μg/ml within 24 hours.Results. It was found that the acetate release of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum was on average two times higher that of Bifidobacterium bifidum (27.0 and 14.7 mmol/liter, respectively) and was quite consistent with the concentrations of acetic acid determined in the intestinal contents (up to 50 mmol/liter). Cultivation of bifidobacteria in a medium with lysozyme, ammonium acetate and their combination did not have a significant impact on their growth parameters at the maximum used concentrations of these substances. In the test strain, the addition of ammonium acetate in the range created by bifidobacteria caused a decrease in the minimum inhibitory concentration of lysozyme by more than two times — from 40 μg/ml to less than 20 μg/ml. In the control medium without lysozyme, no inhibition of the growth of the indicator culture was observed up to the maximum concentrations of ammonium acetate.Conclusion. The mechanism of persistence (survival) of indigenous bifidobacteria in the human intestinal biotope has been identified, which is associated with the production of acetic acid at a level that selectively suppresses lysozyme resistance of non-indigenous gram-positive microbiota viareversible deacetylation of peptidoglycan. This allows indigenous bifidobacteria to maintain a stable dominant position in the biotope.

scholarly journals Design, Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of N-(3-((4-(6-(2,2,2- Trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)oxetan-3-yl)amide Derivatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-582
Author(s):  
B. Siva Reddy ◽  
K.R.S. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Amine Hydrochloride ◽  
Grignard Reaction ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Spectral Techniques ◽  
Amide Derivatives

A new series of N-(3-((4-(6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)oxetan-3- yl)amide derivatives (10a-h)were synthesized by the reaction of 3-((4-(6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin- 3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)oxetan-3-amine (8) with various carboxylic acids in the presence of T3P catalyst. The reaction is usually furnished within 60 min with good isolated yields. Coupling of 6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) nicotinic acid (1) with Weinreb amine hydrochloride gave N-methoxy-Nmethyl- 6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) nicotinamide (2). Compound 3 was synthesized by the Grignard reaction of compound 2 with methylmagnesium bromide. Bromination of compound 3 with N-bromo succinamide to obtain 2-bromo-1-(6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-3-yl)ethan-1-one (4), which was reacted with 2-(3-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)oxetan-3-yl)acetic acid (5) gave 2-oxo-2-(6-(2,2,2- trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-3-yl)ethyl 2-(3-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)oxetan-3-yl)acetate (6). Compound 7 was synthesized by the cyclization of compound 6 with ammonium acetate. Finally, debenzylation of compound 7 gave 3-((4-(6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2- yl)methyl)oxetan-3-amine (8). All the synthesized amide compounds were characterized by analytical spectral techniques, like 1H & 13C NMR and LCMS and also evaluated their antibacterial activity.

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