Neonatal thyroxine administration, behavioral maturation, and brain growth in mice of different brain weight

Psychologists in schools are attempting to apply many of the current findings of neurological research. This paper reviews Herman Epstein's brain growth theory and its implications for psychology and educational practice. Studies of brain weight and head circumference growth are described, particularly the studies that form the basis for Epstein's ideas. A critical examination of these studies does not support Epstein's stage theory of brain growth.

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Brain, Eye, and Skull Growth in Embryonic Geese

The Condor ◽

10.1093/condor/102.3.676 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 102 (3) ◽

pp. 676-679

Author(s):

Uwe Gille ◽

Frank Zachen ◽

Franz-Viktor Salomon

Keyword(s):

Growth Pattern ◽

Brain Size ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Brain Weight ◽

Brain Growth ◽

Anser Anser ◽

Length Measurements ◽

Skull Growth ◽

Eye Diameter ◽

Similar Growth

Abstract We tested the hypothesis that bill proportions at hatching are a byproduct of overall skull proportions which are a result of constraints of brain growth. We measured brain and eye weights, eye diameter, and some skull dimensions in domestic geese (Anser anser f. domestica) varying in age between embryonic day 7.5 and 29.5 (hatching), and in five adult geese. With respect to age, weights show divergent growth patterns resulting in complex allometry for eye but simple allometry for brain weight. This differs from the situation in Galliforms and probably reflects the high cerebralization of Anseriforms. Length measurements show similar growth patterns. Cranial length realizes a larger part of overall growth during incubation when compared to facial length. Cranial width is similar to eye diameter and brain weight. Bill width exhibits a unique growth pattern. Bill proportions are similar to the whole head but differ from those of the bony brain capsule. Therefore, although all craniometric measurements strongly correlate to brain size, brain growth probably influences growth of the cranial but not of the facial part of the skull.

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Brain growth in mice selected for high and low brain weight

Developmental Psychobiology ◽

10.1002/dev.420050404 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 307-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

John L. Fuller ◽

Helen D. Geils

Keyword(s):

Brain Weight ◽

Brain Growth

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Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Otak Fetus Mencit Setelah Induksi Ochratoxin A Selama Periode Organogenesis

JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA ◽

10.31957/jbp.518 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 15-20

Author(s):

Arum Setiawan ◽

Mammed Sagi ◽

Widya Asmara ◽

Istriyati Istriyati

Keyword(s):

Sodium Bicarbonate ◽

Ochratoxin A ◽

Wall Thickness ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Brain Weight ◽

Brain Growth ◽

Pregnant Mice

This experiment was performed to examine the effects of Ochratoxin A (OTA) during organogenesis period on fetuses brain growth and development. Thirty pregnant mice were divided randomly into 5 groups of 6. Ochratoxin A was dissolved in sodium bicarbonate and administered orally on seventh to fourteenth days of gestation at dosage of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg/kg bw, respectively. The remaining animals were used as an untreated control, and placebo were given by Sodium Bicarbonate. At the age of 18-day pregnancy, mice were sacrified dan taken its brains. The fetuses brain growth and development were observed by measure brain weight, cereberum width and length, cerebellum width and length, and the wall thichkness of cerebrum. Result of this studies indicated that OTA caused decreased of brain weight, the length and width of cerebrum and cerebellum, the wall thickness of cerebrum significantly.Key words: Ochratoxin A, brain, cerebrum, cerebellum, mice.

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INTRA-UTERINE UNDERNUTRITION AND BRAIN DEVELOPMENT

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.47.3.491 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 491-500

Author(s):

H. Peter Chase ◽

Carol S. Dabiere ◽

N. Noreen Welch ◽

Donough O'Brien

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Guinea Pig ◽

Brain Development ◽

Protein Content ◽

In Utero ◽

Brain Weight ◽

Brain Growth ◽

Maternal Malnutrition ◽

Wet Weight ◽

The Brain

The guinea pig, like the human, initiates the period of rapid brain growth in utero and thus provides a model for measuring the effects of maternal malnutrition on intra-uterine brain growth. In these studies the newborn of undernourished guinea pig mothers showed significant reductions in body weight and brain weight, cellularity, protein, cholesterol, cerebroside, and sulfatide contents. The reductions in wet brain weight and protein content were significant for cerebellum but not for cerebrum. Animals undernourished in utero and fed normally after birth showed normal whole brain weight, cerebroside and sulfatide contents, and normal cerebrum cellularity by adulthood. However, the type of cells increasing in the cerebrum during postnatal rehabilitation is unknown. Wet weight and cellularity were still diminished by 22% and 17%, respectively, in the adult cerebella. The results suggest that adequate postnatal nutrition will offset some, though not all of the brain biochemical changes resulting from fetal undernutrition.

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