Anti-diabetic and neuroprotective effects of pancreatic islet transplantation into the central nervous system

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lazard ◽  
Pnina Vardi ◽  
Konstantin Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Islet Transplantation ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Pancreatic Islet Transplantation ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effects of Lipoxin A4 in Central Nervous System Pathologies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Cadete Martini ◽  
Stefânia Forner ◽  
Allisson Freire Bento ◽  
Giles Alexander Rae
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Lipoxin A4 ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Resolution Of Inflammation ◽  
Affected Tissue ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Many diseases of the central nervous system are characterized and sometimes worsened by an intense inflammatory response in the affected tissue. It is now accepted that resolution of inflammation is an active process mediated by a group of mediators that can act in synchrony to switch the phenotype of cells, from a proinflammatory one to another that favors the return to homeostasis. This new genus of proresolving mediators includes resolvins, protectins, maresins, and lipoxins, the first to be discovered. In this short review we provide an overview of current knowledge into the cellular and molecular interactions of lipoxins in diseases of the central nervous system in which they appear to facilitate the resolution of inflammation, thus exerting a neuroprotective action.

scholarly journals Traditional Uses of Cannabinoids and New Perspectives in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Medicines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Gado ◽  
Maria Digiacomo ◽  
Marco Macchia ◽  
Simone Bertini ◽  
Clementina Manera
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Recent findings highlight the emerging role of the endocannabinoid system in the control of symptoms and disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a chronic, immune-mediated, demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system with no cure so far. It is widely reported in the literature that cannabinoids might be used to control MS symptoms and that they also might exert neuroprotective effects and slow down disease progression. This review aims to give an overview of the principal cannabinoids (synthetic and endogenous) used for the symptomatic amelioration of MS and their beneficial outcomes, providing new potentially possible perspectives for the treatment of this disease.

scholarly journals Effects of Tibolone on the Central Nervous System: Clinical and Experimental Approaches

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán ◽  
Julia J. Segura-Uribe ◽  
Eunice D. Farfán-García ◽  
Christian Guerra-Araiza
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) increases the risk of endometrial and breast cancer. A strategy to reduce this incidence is the use of tibolone (TIB). The aim of this paper was to address the effects of TIB on the central nervous system (CNS). For the present review, MEDLINE (via PubMed), LILACS (via BIREME), Ovid Global Health, SCOPUS, Scielo, and PsycINFO (ProQuest Research Library) electronic databases were searched for the results of controlled clinical trials on peri- and postmenopausal women published from 1990 to September 2016. Also, this paper reviews experimental studies performed to analyze neuroprotective effects, cognitive deficits, neuroplasticity, oxidative stress, and stroke using TIB. Although there are few studies on the effect of this hormone in the CNS, it has been reported that TIB decreases lipid peroxidation levels and improves memory and learning. TIB has important neuroprotective effects that could prevent the risk of neurodegenerative diseases in postmenopausal women as well as the benefits of HRT in counteracting hot flashes, improving mood, and libido. Some reports have found that TIB delays cognitive impairment in various models of neuronal damage. It also modifies brain plasticity since it acts as an endocrine modulator regulating neurotransmitters, Tau phosphorylation, and decreasing neuronal death. Finally, its antioxidant effects have also been reported in different animal models.

Neuroprotective effects of paeoniflorin in neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Manayi ◽  
Sahar Omidpanah ◽  
Davide Barreca ◽  
Silvana Ficarra ◽  
Maria Daglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Influence of lithium in neuron-glia interaction in hippocampal neurons

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-546
Author(s):  
Nicole Kemberly Ribeiro Rocha ◽  
Vanessa De Jesus Rodrigues de Paula ◽  
Orestes V. Forlenza ◽  
Daniel S. Kerr ◽  
Helena Brentani
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Therapeutic Dose ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Microglial Phenotype ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Neuroprotective Actions ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Recently, special attention has been given to the possible neuroprotective effects of lithium, especially by the discovery of its regulatory effects on pro and anti-apoptotic proteins. Lithium substantially increases the cytoprotective proteins expression in the central nervous system, both in rat cortex and in human cells of neuronal origin. In addition to neuroprotective actions, it aids in the regeneration of axons in the central nervous system of mammals. Lithium negatively regulates the expression and activity of enzymes that exert important functions in cerebral homeostasis: synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and phosphorylation of tau protein. Microglia is known for its importance in neuropathology. However, under physiological conditions, such immune cells interact actively with neurons, being able to modulate the fate and functions of the synapses. Such ability of microglial cells suggests the consequences of changes in microglial phenotype under pathological conditions, which makes it relevant to understand the interaction between microglial and other developing brain cells and their influence on the formation of neuronal and synaptic networks. The current work aims to identify the main pathway of neuronal-glia integration activated by chronic treatment with lithium in neurons, exploring the use of bioinformatics tools in microarray data. Treatment of primary hippocampal neurons with lithium changed the genes related to different neuroprotection pathways at the highest therapeutic dose. There was dissociation between the therapeutic and sub-therapeutic dose of lithium in neuroprotection. Therefore, treatment at therapeutic doses (2mM) modified different signaling pathways when compared to the sub-therapeutic dose (0.02 and 0.2mM).

scholarly journals Neuroprotective effects of myristargenol A against glutamate-induced apoptotic HT22 cell death

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (54) ◽  
pp. 31247-31254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Soo Park ◽  
Jong-Hwa Park ◽  
Ki-Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Ht22 Cell ◽  
High Concentrations

Glutamate is an important neurotransmitter in the central nervous system; however, at high concentrations, it causes excitotoxicity and many neurological disorders.

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