Neuroprotective Effects of Melatonin and Omega-3 on the Central Nervous System Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields in the Pre- and Postnatal Periods

Many diseases of the central nervous system are characterized and sometimes worsened by an intense inflammatory response in the affected tissue. It is now accepted that resolution of inflammation is an active process mediated by a group of mediators that can act in synchrony to switch the phenotype of cells, from a proinflammatory one to another that favors the return to homeostasis. This new genus of proresolving mediators includes resolvins, protectins, maresins, and lipoxins, the first to be discovered. In this short review we provide an overview of current knowledge into the cellular and molecular interactions of lipoxins in diseases of the central nervous system in which they appear to facilitate the resolution of inflammation, thus exerting a neuroprotective action.

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Electrophysiological Analysis of Responses of the Central Nervous System to Electromagnetic Fields

Electrophysiology of the Central Nervous System ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-1755-5_16 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 199-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yu. A. Kholodov ◽

S. N. Luk’yanova ◽

R. A. Chizhenkova

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Electrophysiological Analysis ◽

The Central Nervous System

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Role of Immune Cells in the Course of Central Nervous System Injury: Modulation with Natural Products

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612822666151204000959 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 701-708 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Thea Magrone ◽

Matteo Antonio Russo ◽

Emilio Jirillo

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Treg Cells ◽

Host Immune System ◽

Cns Injury ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Functional Activities ◽

Novel Approach ◽

The Central Nervous System

Immune cells actively participate to the central nervous system (CNS) injury either damaging or protecting neural tissue with release of various mediators. Residential microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages play a fundamental role within the injured CNS and, here, special emphasis will be placed on M1 and M2 macrophages for their different functional activities. On the other hand, peripheral T regulatory (Treg) cells exert antiinflammatory activities in the diseased host. In this respect, activation of Treg cells by nutraceuticals may represent a novel approach to treat neuroinflammation. Omega-3 fatty acids and polyphenols will be described as substances endowed with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, taking into account that Treg cells act in the later phase of CNS injury, favoring immune suppression, manipulation of host immune system with both substances requires caution to avoid undesired side effects.

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Traditional Uses of Cannabinoids and New Perspectives in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Medicines ◽

10.3390/medicines5030091 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 91 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Francesca Gado ◽

Maria Digiacomo ◽

Marco Macchia ◽

Simone Bertini ◽

Clementina Manera

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Disease Progression ◽

Endocannabinoid System ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Demyelinating Disorder ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

The Central Nervous System

Recent findings highlight the emerging role of the endocannabinoid system in the control of symptoms and disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a chronic, immune-mediated, demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system with no cure so far. It is widely reported in the literature that cannabinoids might be used to control MS symptoms and that they also might exert neuroprotective effects and slow down disease progression. This review aims to give an overview of the principal cannabinoids (synthetic and endogenous) used for the symptomatic amelioration of MS and their beneficial outcomes, providing new potentially possible perspectives for the treatment of this disease.

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Biological Effects of Low Energy Electromagnetic Fields on the Central Nervous System

Biological Effects and Dosimetry of Nonionizing Radiation ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-4253-3_16 ◽

1983 ◽

pp. 359-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

W. Ross Adey

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Low Energy ◽

The Central Nervous System

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Effects of Tibolone on the Central Nervous System: Clinical and Experimental Approaches

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/8630764 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán ◽

Julia J. Segura-Uribe ◽

Eunice D. Farfán-García ◽

Christian Guerra-Araiza

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Brain Plasticity ◽

Hormone Replacement ◽

Hot Flashes ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

The Central Nervous System

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) increases the risk of endometrial and breast cancer. A strategy to reduce this incidence is the use of tibolone (TIB). The aim of this paper was to address the effects of TIB on the central nervous system (CNS). For the present review, MEDLINE (via PubMed), LILACS (via BIREME), Ovid Global Health, SCOPUS, Scielo, and PsycINFO (ProQuest Research Library) electronic databases were searched for the results of controlled clinical trials on peri- and postmenopausal women published from 1990 to September 2016. Also, this paper reviews experimental studies performed to analyze neuroprotective effects, cognitive deficits, neuroplasticity, oxidative stress, and stroke using TIB. Although there are few studies on the effect of this hormone in the CNS, it has been reported that TIB decreases lipid peroxidation levels and improves memory and learning. TIB has important neuroprotective effects that could prevent the risk of neurodegenerative diseases in postmenopausal women as well as the benefits of HRT in counteracting hot flashes, improving mood, and libido. Some reports have found that TIB delays cognitive impairment in various models of neuronal damage. It also modifies brain plasticity since it acts as an endocrine modulator regulating neurotransmitters, Tau phosphorylation, and decreasing neuronal death. Finally, its antioxidant effects have also been reported in different animal models.

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