The Sport Fish Restoration Program as a Funding Source to Manage and Monitor Bowfishing and Monitor Inland Commercial Fisheries

Fisheries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis L. Scarnecchia ◽  
Jason D. Schooley ◽  
Alec R. Lackmann ◽  
Steven J. Rider ◽  
Dennis K. Riecke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Fisheries ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Sport Fish

Predicting changes in distribution of a large coastal shark in the face of the strengthening East Australian Current

2020 ◽  
Vol 642 ◽  
pp. 163-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Niella ◽  
AF Smoothey ◽  
V Peddemors ◽  
R Harcourt
Keyword(s):  
Austral Summer ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Commercial Fisheries ◽  
East Australian Current ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
The Face

In the face of accelerating climate change, conservation strategies will need to consider how marine animals deal with forecast environmental change as well as ongoing threats. We used 10 yr (2009-2018) of data from commercial fisheries and a bather protection program along the coast of New South Wales (NSW), southeastern Australia, to investigate (1) spatial and temporal patterns of occurrence in bull sharks and (2) environmental factors affecting bull shark occurrence along the coast of NSW. Predicted future distribution for this species was modelled for the forecast strengthening East Australian Current. Bull sharks were mostly harvested in small to larger estuaries, with average depth and rainfall responsible for contrasting patterns for each of the fisheries. There was an increase in the occurrence of bull sharks over the last decade, particularly among coastal setline fisheries, associated with seasonal availability of thermal gradients >22°C and both westward and southward coastal currents stronger than 0.15 and 0.60 m s-1, respectively, during the austral summer. Our model predicts a 3 mo increase in the availability of favourable water temperatures along the entire coast of NSW for bull sharks by 2030. This coastline provides a uniquely favourable topography for range expansion in the face of a southerly shift of warmer waters, and habitat is unlikely to be a limiting factor for bull sharks in the future. Such a southerly shift in distribution has implications for the management of bull sharks both in commercial fisheries and for mitigation of shark-human interactions.

Status of Commercial Fisheries in the Kingdom of Bahrain

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1 (special Issue)) ◽  
pp. 220-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamer S. Ali ◽  
Asma A. Abahussain
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Fisheries

Abnormalities of the lymphatic system and impaired fluid clearance in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Rossitto ◽  
S Mary ◽  
C McAllister ◽  
K.B Neves ◽  
L Haddow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Filtration Coefficient ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Resistance Arteries ◽  
Fluid Extravasation ◽  
Capillary Fluid

Abstract Background Coronary and skeletal muscle microvascular dysfunction have been proposed as main factors in the pathogenesis of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF). However, assessment of systemic arterial function has only been indirect thus far; most importantly, no direct link between systemic microvasculature and congestion, one of the core characteristics of the syndrome, has yet been investigated. Purpose To provide direct functional and anatomical characterisation of the systemic microvasculature and to explore in vivo parameters of capillary fluid extravasation and lymphatic clearance in HFpEF. Methods In 16 patients with HFpEF and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (72±6 and 68±5 years, respectively) we determined peripheral microvascular filtration coefficient (proportional to vascular permeability and area) and isovolumetric pressure (above which lymphatic drainage cannot compensate for fluid extravasation) by venous occlusion plethysmography and collected a skin biopsy for vascular immunohistochemistry and gene expression analysis (TaqMan). Additionally, we measured brachial flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and assessed by wire myography the vascular function of resistance arteries isolated from gluteal subcutaneous fat biopsies. Results Skin biopsies in patients with HFpEF showed rarefaction of small blood vessels (82±31 vs 112±21 vessels/mm2; p=0.003) and in ex-vivo analysis (n=6/group) we found defective relaxation of peripheral resistance arteries (p<0.001). Accordingly, post-ischaemic hyperaemic response (fold-change vs baseline, 4.6±1.6 vs 6.7±1.7; p=0.002) and FMD (3.9±2.1 vs 5.6±1.5%; p=0.014) were found to be reduced in patients with HFpEF compared to controls. In the skin of patients with HFpEF we also observed a reduced number (85±27 vs 130±60 vessels/mm2; p=0.012) but larger average diameter of lymphatic vessels (42±19 vs 26±9 μm2; p=0.007) compared to control subjects. These changes were paralleled by reduced expression of LYVE1 (p<0.05) and PROX1 (p<0.001), key determinants of lymphatic differentiation and function. Whilst patients with HFpEF had reduced peripheral capillary fluid extravasation compared to controls (microvascular filtration coefficient, leg 33.1±13.3 vs 48.4±15.2, p<0.01; trend for arm 49.9±20.5 vs 66.3±30.1, p=0.09), they had lower lymphatic clearance (isovolumetric pressure: leg 22±4 vs 16±4 mmHg, p<0.005; arm 25±5 vs 17±4 mmHg, p<0.001). Conclusions We provide direct evidence of systemic dysfunction and rarefaction of small blood vessels in patients with HFpEF. Despite a reduced microvascular filtration coefficient, which is in keeping with microvascular rarefaction, the clearance of extravasated fluid in HFpEF is limited by an anatomically and functionally defective lymphatic system. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Award

How many CCS- and ACS-patients might reach the newly recommended LDL-C-target <55mg/dl in clinical practice if guidelines were applied – an estimate from the DYSIS II study population

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K Gitt ◽  
M Horack ◽  
D Lautsch ◽  
R Zahn ◽  
J Ferrieres
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Pcsk9 Inhibitors ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Coronary Syndromes

Abstract Background The 2019 ESC guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia even further lowered the LDL-C-target values for the very high-risk population from &lt;70mg/dl to &lt;55mg/dl. Population based studies already had shown that the previous target was difficult to reach. It is yet unclear how many patients in clinical practice might be treated to the new target. Methods The Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS II) prospectively collected data of patients with chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS) (all on statins) in 18 countries in Europe, the Middle East, South- and East Asia to document patient characteristics, medication and a current lipid profile from 2012 to 2014 under real life conditions in physicians' offices and hospitals. We took these real-life lipid profiles and data on the kind/dose of used statins to estimate how treatment escalation such as changing statin treatment to a high dose (atorvastatin ≥40mg / rosuvastatin≥20mg), adding ezetimibe and adding a PCSK9-inhibitor might help to bring LDL-C-levels to the recommended &lt;55mg/dl target. Results A total of 7,865 patients were enrolled into DYSIS II, 6,794 had CCS and 1,071 ACS. Under the documented statin treatment in DYSIS only 12.7% of patients reached an LDL-C &lt;55mg/dl. Putting all patients on high dose statins in combination with ezetimibe, 64.1% would reach the target. If PCSK9-inhibitors would be used in the remaining patients not at goal a total of 94.0% would match the goal. Conclusion Our analysis indicates that in real life practice the use available lipid-lowering medications would substantially increase the percentage of CCS- and ACS-patients reaching the newly recommended 2019 ESC guideline LDL-C-target of &lt;55 mg/dl from less than 20% to more than 90% of the population. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): MSD

Association between self-care and prognosis in 1123 patients with chronic heart failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Calero ◽  
E Hidalgo ◽  
R Marin ◽  
L Rosenfeld ◽  
I Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Self Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Lower Tertile

Abstract Background Self-care is a crucial factor in the education of patients with heart failure (HF) and directly impacts in the progression of the disease. However, little is published about its major clinical implications as admission or mortality in patients with HF. Aims and methods The aim of the study was to analyze time to admission due to acute heart failure and mortality associated with poor self-care in patients with chronic HF. We prospectively recruited consecutive patients with stable chronic HF referred to a nurse-led HF programme. Selfcare was evaluated at baseline with the 9 item European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale. Scores were standardized and reversed from 0 (worst selfcare) to 100 (better self care). For the purpose of this study we analyzed the associations of worse self-care (defined as scores below the lower tertile of the scale) with demographic, disease-related (clinical) and psychosocial factors in all patients at baseline. Results We included 1123 patients, mean age 72±11, 639 (60%) were male, mean LVEF 45±17 and 454 (40,4%) were in NYHA class III or IV. Mean score of the 9-item ESCBE was 69±28. Score below 55 (lower tertile) defined impaired selfcare behaviour. Those patients with worse self-care had more ischaemic heart disease, more COPD, and they achieved less distance in the 6 minute walking test. Regarding psychosocial items patients in lower tertile of self-care needed a caregiver more frequently, they present more cognitive impairment, depressive symptoms and worse score in terms of health self-perception. Multivariate Cox Models showed that a score below 55 points in 9-item ESCBE was independently associated with higher readmission due to acute heart failure [HR 1.26 (1.02–1.57), p value=0.034] and with mortality [HR 1.24 CI95% (1.02–1.50), p value=0.028] Conclusion Poor self-care measured with the modified 9-item ESCBE was associated with higher risk of admission due to acute decompensation and higher risk of mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. These results highlight the importance of assessing self-care and provide measures to improve them. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Hospital Univesitario de Bellvitge

scholarly journals Monocyte subsets predict mortality after cardiac arrest

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.A Krychtiuk ◽  
M Lenz ◽  
B Richter ◽  
K Huber ◽  
J Wojta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Monocyte Subset ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
National Budget ◽  
Classical Monocytes ◽  
Intermediate Monocytes ◽  
Subset Distribution

Abstract Background After successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), many patients show signs of an overactive immune activation. Monocytes are a heterogenous cell population that can be distinguished into three subsets. Purpose The aim of this prospective, observational study was to analyze whether monocyte subset distribution is associated with mortality at 6 months in patients after cardiac arrest. Methods We included 53 patients admitted to our medical ICU after cardiac arrest. Blood was taken on admission and monocyte subset distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry and distinguished into classical monocytes (CM; CD14++CD16-), intermediate monocytes (IM; CD14++CD16+CCR2+) and non-classical monocytes (NCM; CD14+CD16++CCR2-). Results Median age was 64.5 (IQR 49.8–74.3) years and 75.5% of patients were male. Mortality at 6 months was 50.9% and survival with good neurological outcome was 37.7%. Of interest, monocyte subset distribution upon admission to the ICU did not differ according to survival. However, patients that died within 6 months showed a strong increase in the pro-inflammatory subset of intermediate monocytes (8.3% (3.8–14.6)% vs. 4.1% (1.5–8.2)%; p=0.025), and a decrease of classical monocytes (87.5% (79.9–89.0)% vs. 90.8% (85.9–92.7)%; p=0.036) 72 hours after admission. In addition, intermediate monocytes were predictive of outcome independent of initial rhythm and time to ROSC and correlated with the CPC-score at 6 months (R=0.32; p=0.043). Discussion Monocyte subset distribution is associated with outcome in patients surviving a cardiac arrest. This suggests that activation of the innate immune system may play a significant role in patient outcome after cardiac arrest. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): FWF - Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung

AIM2-driven inflammasome activation in chronic heart failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ruppert ◽  
Z.S Onodi ◽  
P Leszek ◽  
V.E Toth ◽  
G Koncsos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Coronary Artery Ligation ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Human Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Pannexin 1 ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Background Inflammation and cytokine release have been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure (CHF). Of particular interest, Canakinumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-1b (IL-1β), had provided benefit against cardiovascular events, suggesting that blockade of IL-1β secretion and signaling might be a promising new therapeutic target. Although, recent studies have provided evidence that inflammasome activation is the main contributor to IL-1β maturation, the role of inflammasome activation in CHF remains unknown. Objective Therefore, we aimed to assess inflammasome activation in myocardial samples from end-stage failing hearts. Methods Inflammasome activation was assessed by immunoblotting in left ventricular myocardial specimens harvested from patients with end-stage CHF. Furthermore, immunoblot measurements were also performed on translational animal models of CHF (e.g. rat models of permanent coronary artery ligation and transverse aortic constriction). Left ventricular monocyte and macrophage infiltration was detected by immunohistochemistry. To investigate the molecular background of inflammasome activation, a series of cell culture experiments were performed on AC16 human cardiomyocytes and THP-1 human monocytic cell lines. Results Out of the 4 major inflammasome sensors tested, expression of the inflammasome protein absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) increased in human CHF while the NLRP1 and NLRP3 (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 1 and 3) inflammasome showed no change. A similar expression pattern in AIM2 and NLRC4 was also noted in CHF animal models. Furthermore, robust infiltration of Iba1+ monocytes/macrophages was observed in human failing hearts as well as in different animal models of CHF. In vitro AIM2 inflammasome activation, as induced by transfection with double-stranded DNA [poly(deoxyadenylic-deoxythymidylic)] was reduced significantly by the pharmacological blockade of pannexin-1 channels. Conclusions AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasome activation might contribute to chronic inflammation in CHF. Our findings suggest that pannexin-1 channels might be a promising novel target to reduce inflammasome activation. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): NVKP_16-1-2016-0017

Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, safety and efficacy study of dutogliptin in combination with filgrastim in early recovery post-MI: rationale, design and first interim analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Von Lewinski ◽  
B Merkely ◽  
I Buysschaert ◽  
R.A Schatz ◽  
G.G Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Combined Application

Abstract Background Regenerative therapies offer new approaches to improve cardiac function after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Mobilization of stem cells and homing within the infarcted area have been identified as the key mechanisms for successful treatment. Application of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is the least invasive way to mobilize stem cells while DDP4-inhibitor facilitates homing via stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1α). Dutogliptin, a novel DPP4 inhibitor, combined with stem cell mobilization using G-CSF significantly improved survival and reduced infarct size in a murine model. Purpose We initiated a phase II, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled efficacy and safety study (N=140) analyzing the effect of combined application of G-CSF and dutogliptin, a small molecule DPP-IV-inhibitor for subcutaneous use after acute myocardial infarction. Methods The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of dutogliptin (14 days) in combination with filgrastim (5 days) in patients with STEMI (EF &lt;45%) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Preliminary efficacy will be analyzed using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) to detect &gt;3.8% improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LV-EF). 140 subjects will be randomized to filgrastim plus dutogliptin or matching placebos. Results Baseline characteristics of the first 26 patients randomized (24 treated) in this trial reveal a majority of male patients (70.8%) and a medium age of 58.4 years (37 to 84). During the 2-week active treatment period, 35 adverse events occurred in 13 patients, with 4 rated as serious (hospitalization due to pneumonia N=3, hospitalization due to acute myocardial infarction N=1), and 1 adverse event was rated as severe (fatal pneumonia), 9 moderate, and 25 as mild. 6 adverse events were considered possibly related to the study medication, including cases of increased hepatic enzymes (N=3), nausea (N=1), subcutaneous node/suffusion (N=1) and syncope (N=1). Conclusions Our data demonstrate that the combined application of dutogliptin and G-CSF appears to be safe on the short term and feasible after acute myocardial infarction and may represent a new therapeutic option in future. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): This research is funded by the sponsor RECARDIO, Inc., 1 Market Street San Francisco, CA 94150, USA. RECARDIO Inc. is funding the complete study. The Scientific Board of RECARDIO designed the study. Data Collection is at the participating sites. Interpretation of the data by the Scientific Board and Manuscript written by the authors and approved by the Sponsor

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