Analysing the impact of health-care system change in the EU member states - Germany

OBJECTIVESeveral similarities exist between the Massachusetts health care reform law of 2006 and the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The authors’ prior neurosurgical research showed a decrease in uninsured surgeries without a significant change in surgical volume after the Massachusetts reform. An analysis of the payer-mix status and the age of spine surgery patients, before and after the policy, should provide insight into the future impact of the ACA on spine surgery in the US.METHODSUsing the Massachusetts State Inpatient Database and spine ICD-9-CM procedure codes, the authors obtained demographic information on patients undergoing spine surgery between 2001 and 2012. Payer-mix status was assigned as Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, uninsured, or other, which included government-funded programs and workers’ compensation. A comparison of the payer-mix status and patient age, both before and after the policy, was performed. The New York State data were used as a control.RESULTSThe authors analyzed 81,821 spine surgeries performed in Massachusetts and 248,757 in New York. After 2008, there was a decrease in uninsured and private insurance spine surgeries, with a subsequent increase in the Medicare and “other” categories for Massachusetts. Medicaid case numbers did not change. This correlated to an increase in surgeries performed in the age group of patients 65–84 years old, with a decrease in surgeries for those 18–44 years old. New York showed an increase in all insurance categories and all adult age groups.CONCLUSIONSAfter the Massachusetts reform, spine surgery decreased in private insurance and uninsured categories, with the majority of these surgeries transitioning to Medicare. Moreover, individuals who were younger than 65 years did not show an increase in spine surgeries, despite having greater access to health insurance. In a health care system that requires insurance, the decrease in private insurance is primarily due to an increasing elderly population. The Massachusetts model continues to show that this type of policy is not causing extreme shifts in the payer mix, and suggests that spine surgery will continue to thrive in the current US health care system.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Age on Colorectal Cancer Incidence, Treatment, and Outcomes in an Equal-Access Health Care System

Diseases of the Colon & Rectum ◽

10.1097/dcr.0b013e3182a586e7 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 303-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Scott R. Steele ◽

Grace E. Park ◽

Eric K. Johnson ◽

Matthew J. Martin ◽

Alexander Stojadinovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Care System ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Equal Access ◽

Colorectal Cancer Incidence ◽

The Impact ◽

Care System

Download Full-text

The Impact of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia on the Canadian Health Care System

Survey of Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/01.sa.0000358589.57457.b8 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 200

Author(s):

&NA;

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care System ◽

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽

Canadian Health Care System ◽

Canadian Health ◽

Canadian Health Care ◽

The Impact ◽

Care System

Download Full-text

Developments and perspectives of health literacy in Europe

Public Health Forum ◽

10.1515/pubhef-2016-2175 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 10-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kristine Sørensen ◽

Helmut Brand

Keyword(s):

Health Literacy ◽

Member States ◽

Eu Member States ◽

The World ◽

European Health ◽

A Priority ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

Abstract A decade ago the European health literacy field was in its infancy. A comparable study among EU Member States was made to explore if health literacy was as much as a concern in Europe as elsewhere in the world. This article analyses the impact of the European Health Literacy project (2009–2012). Based on the outcomes new avenues for health literacy in Europe are proposed. In spite of progress there is still a strong call for actions to make health literacy a priority in the EU.

Download Full-text

European myriad of approaches to parasitic commercial practices

Oeconomia Copernicana ◽

10.24136/oc.v8i2.11 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 167 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Radka MacGregor Pelikánová

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Research ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Value Added ◽

Unfair Competition ◽

Member States ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Unfair Commercial Practices Directive ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

Research background: The Post-Lisbon EU aims at smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth on the single internal market, as indicated by the Europe 2020. The interplay of the competition and consumer protection on such a market is subject to harmonization. The Unfair Commercial Practices Directive has been made in order to achieve a full harmonization in this respect in 2007. However, EU member states share different social, political, legal and economic traditions and their approaches to unfair competition, in particular if committed via parasitic commercial practices, are dramatically diverse. In such a context, is it feasible, effective and efficient to install a full harmonization?Purpose of the article: The primary purpose of this article is to describe and assess ap-proaches to unfair competition, in particular if committed via parasitic commercial practices, by the EU law and EU member states law. The secondary purpose is to study and evaluate possibilities for the feasible, effective and efficient harmonization, or their lack. Methods: The cross-disciplinary and multi-jurisdictional nature of this article, and its dual purposes, implies the use of Meta-Analysis, of the critical comparison of laws and the impact of their application, to the holistic perception of historical and national contexts, and to case studies. The primary and secondary sources are explored and the yield knowledge and data are confronted with the status quo. The dominating qualitative research and data are complemented by the quantitative research and data.Findings & Value added: The EU opted for an ambitious challenge to install via the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive a full harmonization of the regime against unfair commercial practices, including parasitic ones. The exploration pursuant to the duo of purposes suggests that the challenge is perhaps too ambitious and that the EU underestimated the dramatic diversity of approaches to unfair commercial practices, especially parasitic ones.

Download Full-text

TAX GAP AS A TOOL FOR MEASURING VAT EVASION IN THE EU COUNTRIES

AD ALTA Journal of Interdisciplinary Research ◽

10.33543/1002813 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 8-13

Author(s):

ALENA ANDREJOVSKÁ ◽

VERONIKA KONEČNÁ ◽

JANA HAKALOVÁ

Keyword(s):

Tax Evasion ◽

Sharp Change ◽

Member States ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Tax Revenues ◽

Tax Gap ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Eu

VAT is one of the most decisive tax revenues sources in the EU Member States. Due to financial frauds and insufficient tax system, there is a billion loss of EUR every year in the European budget. The article deals with the impact of the tax evasion on economies of the EU Member States. By applying the top-down approach, we observed tax gaps as a quantifier of tax evasion from 2004 to 2017. The period around the economic crisis in 2009 was examined in more detail, as there was a sharp change in the evolution of tax gaps. We constructed a regression model, which examined the relationship of the tax gap and VAT tax revenues to selected determinants of tax evasion. The results showed that tax gaps in the Member States have been growing every year. We also found that there is an increase in tax revenues, but tax liabilities increase to greater extent.

Download Full-text

Cybersecurity in the EU and Member States: Genesis and Issues of its Enhancing

Information Security of the Person, Society and State ◽

10.51369/2707-7276-2019-3-6 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 57-69

Author(s):

Viktor Boiko ◽

Mykola Vasylenko ◽

Serhii Kukharenko

Keyword(s):

Systematic Approach ◽

New Technologies ◽

Member States ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Eu Legislation ◽

Regulatory Instruments ◽

New Challenges ◽

Ict Development ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

The article deals with the issues of establishing cybersecurity in the EU and its member-states at the legislative level as viewed from the point of a systematic approach. The authors identified problematic aspects of improving cybersecurity quality and conditions. They analyzed the impact of the EU member states legislation on cy-bersecurity. The article as well considers the process of ICT development and pre-sents the ways of creating new challenges by means of new technologies. Key words: cybersecurity, cyber resilience, regulatory instruments, EU legislation, innovations.

Download Full-text