Increased Variability and Asymmetric Expansion of the Hippocampal Spatial Representation in a Distal Cue-Dependent Memory Task

Hippocampus ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1033-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong-Beom Park ◽  
Inah Lee
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Memory Task

scholarly journals Redistribution of spatial representation in the hippocampus of aged rats performing a spatial memory task.

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheri J. Y. Mizumori ◽  
Annette M. Lavoie ◽  
Anjali Kalyani
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Spatial Memory Task

Children's Categorical Representation of Oblique Orientation

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat Scher ◽  
David R. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Representation System ◽  
Oblique Orientation ◽  
Categorical Representation ◽  
Diagonal Axis ◽  
Response Rule

20 7-yr.-old children were given a memory task in which they were asked to compare successively presented oblique lines. The lines varied in respect to (1) their position within a square display and (2) their relation to the diagonal axis of the display. Children's performance suggests a categorical spatial representation system in which stimuli are encoded in terms of position and axis features. In comparing the orientation of two oblique lines, children match these coded categorical features (e.g., on axis vs off axis) and respond by the simple response rule: if a match say “same;” if a mismatch say “different,” so, children's recognition of oblique lines is often in error.

Position and Axis Features in Young Children's Oblique Judgments: Partial Replication

1982 ◽  
Vol 55 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1317-1318
Author(s):  
Anat Scher
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Partial Replication ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Representation System ◽  
Mental Operations

26 6-yr.-old children were given a memory task in which they were asked to compare the orientation of oblique lines. The performance of the children suggests a spatial representation system similar to that of older children. The representation assigned to obliques within a square display is characterized by the coding of position and axis information. Orientation comparisons are based on matching the coded information. As mental operations are limited the young children often do not respond correctly.

Exploring the Visuo-Spatial Scratch Pad

1987 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Morris
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Spatial Task ◽  
Central Executive ◽  
Tracking Task ◽  
Spatial Memory Task ◽  
Verbal Component ◽  
The Relationship

A series of four studies examines the relationship between the visuo-spatial scratch pad, the central executive and the articulatory loop. For this purpose a visuo-spatial memory task that does not have a large verbal component was developed. In Experiment 1 this task was used to demonstrate that the scratch pad, although functionally independent of the articulatory loop, is subject to interference from a tracking task. Experiment 2 examined the locus of interference of the tracking task with spatial memory. It was shown that interference is confined to the encoding phase; post presentation tracking does not disrupt visuo-spatial representation. Experiment 3 demonstrated that the tracking task employed requires some central executive resources. The final experiment examined the effect of a near-span consonant memory load on the spatial memory task. Disruption only occurred when the verbal load preceded, or was concurrent with, the spatial task. The results suggest that central executive resources are probably required to operate the scratch pad in most circumstances. However, minimal central capacity is required for maintenance rehersal.

Identifying groups of airborne particles by ordination

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 856-857
Author(s):  
M. Shlepr ◽  
C. M. Vicroy
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Microelectronics Industry ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Source Materials

The microelectronics industry is heavily tasked with minimizing contaminates at all steps of the manufacturing process. Particles are generated by physical and/or chemical fragmentation from a mothersource. The tools and macrovolumes of chemicals used for processing, the environment surrounding the process, and the circuits themselves are all potential particle sources. A first step in eliminating these contaminants is to identify their source. Elemental analysis of the particles often proves useful toward this goal, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) is a commonly used technique. However, the large variety of source materials and process induced changes in the particles often make it difficult to discern if the particles are from a common source.Ordination is commonly used in ecology to understand community relationships. This technique usespair-wise measures of similarity. Separation of the data set is based on discrimination functions. Theend product is a spatial representation of the data with the distance between points equaling the degree of dissimilarity.

The Role of Perfectionism and Autobiographical Memory in a Sample of Parasuicide Patients

Crisis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Rasmussen ◽  
Rory C. O’Connor ◽  
Dallas Brodie
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Hopelessness Depression ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
First Time

The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between social perfectionism, overgeneral autobiographical memory recall, and psychological distress (hopelessness, depression/anxiety, and suicidal ideation) in a sample of parasuicide patients. Forty patients who had been admitted to a Scottish hospital following an episode of deliberate self-harm participated in the study. The participants completed the autobiographical memory task and a battery of self-report measures (multidimensional perfectionism, hopelessness, depression/anxiety, and suicidal ideation). The results showed that repetitive self-harmers were more overgeneral in their recall of positive autobiographical memories than were first-time self-harmers. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that socially prescribed perfectionism interacted with overgeneral recall of both positive and negative memories to predict suicidal ideation/depression. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research.

The Relationship Between Interoception and Metacognition

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Meessen ◽  
Verena Mainz ◽  
Siegfried Gauggel ◽  
Eftychia Volz-Sidiropoulou ◽  
Stefan Sütterlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Metacognitive Awareness ◽  
Interoceptive Awareness ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Heartbeat Perception ◽  
Interoceptive Accuracy ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Recently, Garfinkel and Critchley (2013) proposed to distinguish between three facets of interoception: interoceptive sensibility, interoceptive accuracy, and interoceptive awareness. This pilot study investigated how these facets interrelate to each other and whether interoceptive awareness is related to the metacognitive awareness of memory performance. A sample of 24 healthy students completed a heartbeat perception task (HPT) and a memory task. Judgments of confidence were requested for each task. Participants filled in questionnaires assessing interoceptive sensibility, depression, anxiety, and socio-demographic characteristics. The three facets of interoception were found to be uncorrelated and interoceptive awareness was not related to metacognitive awareness of memory performance. Whereas memory performance was significantly related to metamemory awareness, interoceptive accuracy (HPT) and interoceptive awareness were not correlated. Results suggest that future research on interoception should assess all facets of interoception in order to capture the multifaceted quality of the construct.

Design-Effects in Prospective and Retrospective Memory for Actions

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Jahn ◽  
Johannes Engelkamp
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Retrospective Memory ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Relational Information ◽  
Design Effects ◽  
Verbal Tasks ◽  
Within Subjects

There is ample evidence that memory for action phrases such as “open the bottle” is better in subject-performed tasks (SPTs), i.e., if the participants perform the actions, than in verbal tasks (VTs), if they only read the phrases or listen to them. It is less clear whether also the sole intention to perform the actions later, i.e., a prospective memory task (PT), improves memory compared with VTs. Inconsistent findings have been reported for within-subjects and between-subjects designs. The present study attempts to clarify the situation. In three experiments, better recall for SPTs than for PTs and for PTs than for VTs were observed if mixed lists were used. If pure lists were used, there was a PT effect but no SPT over PT advantage. The findings were discussed from the perspective of item-specific and relational information.

The “How” of Animacy Effects in Episodic Memory

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Bonin ◽  
Margaux Gelin ◽  
Betty Laroche ◽  
Alain Méot ◽  
Aurélia Bugaiska
Keyword(s):  
Memory Load ◽  
Recall Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Recall Rate ◽  
Interactive Imagery ◽  
Ultimate Explanation ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Observation Results

Abstract. Animates are better remembered than inanimates. According to the adaptive view of human memory ( Nairne, 2010 ; Nairne & Pandeirada, 2010a , 2010b ), this observation results from the fact that animates are more important for survival than inanimates. This ultimate explanation of animacy effects has to be complemented by proximate explanations. Moreover, animacy currently represents an uncontrolled word characteristic in most cognitive research ( VanArsdall, Nairne, Pandeirada, & Cogdill, 2015 ). In four studies, we therefore investigated the “how” of animacy effects. Study 1 revealed that words denoting animates were recalled better than those referring to inanimates in an intentional memory task. Study 2 revealed that adding a concurrent memory load when processing words for the animacy dimension did not impede the animacy effect on recall rates. Study 3A was an exact replication of Study 2 and Study 3B used a higher concurrent memory load. In these two follow-up studies, animacy effects on recall performance were again not altered by a concurrent memory load. Finally, Study 4 showed that using interactive imagery to encode animate and inanimate words did not alter the recall rate of animate words but did increase the recall of inanimate words. Taken together, the findings suggest that imagery processes contribute to these effects.

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