Water transport pathways influence the propagation of field‐scale NO 3 ‐ ‐N reductions to the watershed scale

The relationship between the development of water stress and foliar symptom expression within chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat) cuttings infected with Verticillium dahliae Kleb. was examined using relative water content (RWC), diffusive resistance to water vapor loss (stomatal resistance), and dye distribution along water-transport pathways as indicators of water stress. The RWC remained at a normal level until symptoms appeared, but stomatal resistance increased beginning about 8 days before symptoms. Dye movement along xylem elements was uniform within uninoculated checks and also within infected plants until stomatal resistances increased. Veinal dye distribution was incomplete within tissue exhibiting increased stomatal resistances, and the extent of dye interruption was closely aligned to the magnitude of resistance increase. Apparently, stomatal closure effectively prevented tissue desiccation under conditions of high, localized internal water stress, but this mechanism could not prevent tissue from becoming flaccid or wilted when water transport became so limited that water was deficient even within the large veins.

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Visualization of lateral water transport pathways in soybean by a time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry cryo-system

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/erq418 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 2179-2188 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

M. Iijima ◽

T. Yoshida ◽

T. Kato ◽

M. Kawasaki ◽

T. Watanabe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Water Transport ◽

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Time Of Flight ◽

Transport Pathways ◽

Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Secondary Ion

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Holocene evolution of the North Atlantic subsurface transport

10.5194/cp-2016-115 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Janne Repschläger ◽

Dieter Garbe-Schönberg ◽

Mara Weinelt ◽

Ralph Schneider

Keyword(s):

Water Transport ◽

North Atlantic ◽

Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽

Published Data ◽

Subsurface Transport ◽

Transport Pathways ◽

The North ◽

Warm Surface Water ◽

Meridional Overturning ◽

Forcing Mechanisms

Abstract. Previous studies suggested that short term freshening events in the subpolar gyre can be counterbalanced by interactions with the subtropical gyre and thus stabilize the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). However, little is known about the intergyre transport pathways. Here, we reconstruct surface and subsurface transport between the subtropical and polar North Atlantic during the last 10000 years, by combining new temperature and salinity reconstructions obtained from surface and subsurface dwelling foraminifera with published data from the tropical and subpolar North Atlantic and published foraminiferal abundance data from the subtropical North Atlantic. These observations imply an overall stable warm surface water transport. Subsurface warm water transport started at about 8 ka with subtropical heat storage, and reached its full strength at about 7 ka, probably associated with the onset of the modern AMOC mode. Comparison of different potential forcing mechanisms suggests a freshwater control on these ocean transport changes.

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Solute and Water Transport Pathways in Cholangiocytes

Seminars in Liver Disease ◽

10.1055/s-2007-1007234 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 16 (02) ◽

pp. 221-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Raul Marinelli ◽

Nicholas Larusso

Keyword(s):

Water Transport ◽

Transport Pathways

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Radiation inactivation studies of renal brush border water and urea transport

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.1985.249.6.f806 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 249 (6) ◽

pp. F806-F812

Author(s):

A. S. Verkman ◽

J. A. Dix ◽

J. L. Seifter ◽

K. L. Skorecki ◽

C. Y. Jung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Water Transport ◽

Brush Border ◽

Membrane Vesicles ◽

Target Size ◽

Freezing Process ◽

Urea Transport ◽

Transport Pathways ◽

Radiation Inactivation ◽

Osmotic Water

Radiation inactivation was used to determine the nature and molecular weight of water and urea transport pathways in brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) isolated from rabbit renal cortex. BBMV were frozen to -50 degrees C, irradiated with 1.5 MeV electrons, thawed, and assayed for transport or enzyme activity. The freezing process had no effect on enzyme or transport kinetics. BBMV alkaline phosphatase activity gave linear ln(activity) vs. radiation dose plots with a target size of 68 +/- 3 kDa, similar to previously reported values. Water and solute transport were measured using the stopped-flow light-scattering technique. The rates of acetamide and osmotic water transport did not depend on radiation dose (0-7 Mrad), suggesting that transport of these substances does not require a protein carrier. In contrast, urea and thiourea transport gave linear ln(activity) vs. dose curves with a target size of 125-150 kDa; 400 mM urea inhibited thiourea flux by -50% at 0 and 4.7 Mrad, showing that radiation does not affect inhibitor binding to surviving transporters. These studies suggest that BBMV urea transport requires a membrane protein, whereas osmotic water transport does not.

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