Accurate classification of nodules and non‐nodules from computed tomography images based on radiomics and machine learning algorithms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Zhang ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Xiaomin Liu ◽  
Jie Dong ◽  
Shujun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

scholarly journals 174 A comparison of machine learning algorithms in the classification of beef steers finished in feedlot

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
Lucas S Lopes ◽  
Christine F Baes ◽  
Dan Tulpan ◽  
Luis Artur Loyola Chardulo ◽  
Otavio Machado Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Relevant Parameter ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
C4.5 Decision Tree

Abstract The aim of this project is to compare some of the state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms on the classification of steers finished in feedlots based on performance, carcass and meat quality traits. The precise classification of animals allows for fast, real-time decision making in animal food industry, such as culling or retention of herd animals. Beef production presents high variability in its numerous carcass and beef quality traits. Machine learning algorithms and software provide an opportunity to evaluate the interactions between traits to better classify animals. Four different treatment levels of wet distiller’s grain were applied to 97 Angus-Nellore animals and used as features for the classification problem. The C4.5 decision tree, Naïve Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Artificial Neural Network algorithms were used to predict and classify the animals based on recorded traits measurements, which include initial and final weights, sheer force and meat color. The top performing classifier was the C4.5 decision tree algorithm with a classification accuracy of 96.90%, while the RF, the MLP and NB classifiers had accuracies of 55.67%, 39.17% and 29.89% respectively. We observed that the final decision tree model constructed with C4.5 selected only the dry matter intake (DMI) feature as a differentiator. When DMI was removed, no other feature or combination of features was sufficiently strong to provide good prediction accuracies for any of the classifiers. We plan to investigate in a follow-up study on a significantly larger sample size, the reasons behind DMI being a more relevant parameter than the other measurements.

scholarly journals Classification of Daily Irradiance Profiles and the Behaviour of Photovoltaic Plant Elements: The Effects of Cloud Enhancement

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5230
Author(s):  
Isabel Santiago ◽  
Jorge Luis Esquivel-Martin ◽  
David Trillo-Montero ◽  
Rafael Jesús Real-Calvo ◽  
Víctor Pallarés-López
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Automatic Classification ◽  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Photovoltaic Plant

In this work, the automatic classification of daily irradiance profiles registered in a photovoltaic installation located in the south of Spain was carried out for a period of nine years, with a sampling frequency of 5 min, and the subsequent analysis of the operation of the elements of the installation on each type of day was also performed. The classification was based on the total daily irradiance values and the fluctuations of this parameter throughout the day. The irradiance profiles were grouped into nine different categories using unsupervised machine learning algorithms for clustering, implemented in Python. It was found that the behaviour of the modules and the inverter of the installation was influenced by the type of day obtained, such that the latter worked with a better average efficiency on days with higher irradiance and lower fluctuations. However, the modules worked with better average efficiency on days with irradiance fluctuations than on clear sky days. This behaviour of the modules may be due to the presence, on days with passing clouds, of the phenomenon known as cloud enhancement, in which, due to reflections of radiation on the edges of the clouds, irradiance values can be higher at certain moments than those that occur on clear sky days, without passing clouds. This is due to the higher energy generated during these irradiance peaks and to the lower temperatures that the module reaches due to the shaded areas created by the clouds, resulting in a reduction in its temperature losses.

scholarly journals Mapping Allochemical Limestone Formations in Hazara, Pakistan Using Google Cloud Architecture: Application of Machine-Learning Algorithms on Multispectral Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fawad Akbar Khan ◽  
Khan Muhammad ◽  
Shahid Bashir ◽  
Shahab Ud Din ◽  
Muhammad Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Fossiliferous Limestone

Low-resolution Geological Survey of Pakistan (GSP) maps surrounding the region of interest show oolitic and fossiliferous limestone occurrences correspondingly in Samanasuk, Lockhart, and Margalla hill formations in the Hazara division, Pakistan. Machine-learning algorithms (MLAs) have been rarely applied to multispectral remote sensing data for differentiating between limestone formations formed due to different depositional environments, such as oolitic or fossiliferous. Unlike the previous studies that mostly report lithological classification of rock types having different chemical compositions by the MLAs, this paper aimed to investigate MLAs’ potential for mapping subclasses within the same lithology, i.e., limestone. Additionally, selecting appropriate data labels, training algorithms, hyperparameters, and remote sensing data sources were also investigated while applying these MLAs. In this paper, first, oolitic (Samanasuk), fossiliferous (Lockhart and Margalla) limestone-bearing formations along with the adjoining Hazara formation were mapped using random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), classification and regression tree (CART), and naïve Bayes (NB) MLAs. The RF algorithm reported the best accuracy of 83.28% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.78. To further improve the targeted allochemical limestone formation map, annotation labels were generated by the fusion of maps obtained from principal component analysis (PCA), decorrelation stretching (DS), X-means clustering applied to ASTER-L1T, Landsat-8, and Sentinel-2 datasets. These labels were used to train and validate SVM, CART, NB, and RF MLAs to obtain a binary classification map of limestone occurrences in the Hazara division, Pakistan using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The classification of Landsat-8 data by CART reported 99.63% accuracy, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.99, and was in good agreement with the field validation. This binary limestone map was further classified into oolitic (Samanasuk) and fossiliferous (Lockhart and Margalla) formations by all the four MLAs; in this case, RF surpassed all the other algorithms with an improved accuracy of 96.36%. This improvement can be attributed to better annotation, resulting in a binary limestone classification map, which formed a mask for improved classification of oolitic and fossiliferous limestone in the area.

scholarly journals Classification of Soft Tissue Tumors by Machine Learning Algorithms

10.5772/27757 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaber Juntu ◽  
Arthur M. De Schepper ◽  
Pieter Van ◽  
Dirk Van ◽  
Jan Gielen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms

Seed Architectural Phenes Prediction and Variety Classification of Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) Using Machine Learning Algorithms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christan Hail Mendigoria ◽  
Ronnie Concepcion ◽  
Elmer Dadios ◽  
Heinrick Aquino ◽  
Oliver John Alaias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Variety Classification

scholarly journals Automatic phonetic classification of vocalic allophones in Tol

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Marie Bissell
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Allophonic Variation ◽  
Phonetic Classification

The aim of the present study involving automatic phonetic classification of /e/ and /u/ tokens in Tol is two-fold: first, I test existing claims about allophonic variation within these vowel classes, and second, I investigate allophonic variation within these vowel classes that has yet to be documented. The acoustic phonetic classifications derived in the present study contribute to a more detailed understanding of the allophonic systems operating within the Tol language. Operationalizing machine learning algorithms to investigate under-resourced, indigenous languages has the potential to provide detailed insights into the acoustic phonetic dynamics of a diverse range of vocalic systems.

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