scholarly journals Variable impacts on growth of deficit irrigation on cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy and Poa pratensis L

itsrj ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna R. Burgin ◽  
Glenl A. Wear ◽  
Neil C. Hansen ◽  
Bryan G. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Cynodon Transvaalensis

scholarly journals Additional Host Plants of Four Species of Billbug Found on New Jersey Turfgrasses

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Johnson-Cicalese ◽  
C.R. Funk
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Red Fescue

Studies were conducted on the host plants of four billbug species (Coleoptera:Curculionidae: Sphenophorus parvulus Gyllenhal, S. venatus Chitt., S. inaequalis Say, and S. minimus Hart) found on New Jersey turfgrasses. A collection of 4803 adults from pure stands of various turfgrasses revealed all four billbugs on Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and S. parvulus, S. venatus, and S. minimus on Chewings fescue (F. rubra L. ssp. commutata Gaud.). Since the presence of larvae, pupae, or teneral adults more accurately indicates the host status of a grass species, immature billbugs were collected from plugs of the various grass species and reared to adults for identification. All four species were reared from immature billbugs found in Kentucky bluegrass turf; immatures of S. venatus, S. inaequalis, and S. minimus were found in tall fescue; S. venatus and S. minimus in perennial ryegrass; and S. inaequalis in strong creeping red fescue (F. rubra L. ssp. rubra). A laboratory experiment was also conducted in which billbug adults were confined in petri dishes with either Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, or bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon Pers.). Only minor differences were found between the four grasses in billbug survival, number of eggs laid, and amount of feeding. In general, bermudagrass was the least favored host and the other grasses were equally adequate hosts. The results of this study indicate a need for updating host-plant lists of these four billbug species.

Influence of Nitrogen on the Response of ‘Tifway’ Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) to Flurprimidol

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Total Rate ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Cynodon Transvaalensis

Vegetative growth of ‘Tifway’ African bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensisBurtt-Davy # CYNTR) x bermudagrass [C. dactylon(L.) Pers. # CYNDA] treated with flurprimidol {α-(1-methylethyl)-α-[4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-5-pyrimidinemethanol} at 0.2 kg/ha and repeated at 3-week intervals for a total rate of 0.8 kg/ha was suppressed for 6 weeks compared to growth of nontreated grass. A single application of flurprimidol at 0.8 kg/ha in late May suppressed growth for 4 weeks. When the single 0.8 kg/ha application was delayed until mid-July, bermudagrass growth was suppressed for only 2 weeks. Applications of nitrogen (N) at 25 and 50 kg/ha did not influence flurprimidol's suppression of bermudagrass growth. Turf quality in some instances was lower when treated with 50 kg N/ha or the turfgrass required a longer recovery period than when treated with 25 kg N/ha following flurprimidol treatment. Although single or multiple applications of flurprimidol, each totaling 0.8 kg/ha, injured bermudagrass in some instances, the injury was not severe and the turfgrass fully recovered.

Effects of Herbicides on Bermudagrass (Cynodonspp.) Sprig Establishment

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wayne Bingham ◽  
John R. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Root Injury ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Cynodon Transvaalensis ◽  
Adequate Ground

Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers. ♯ CYNDA ‘Vamont’, ‘Midiron’, andCynodon dactylonXCynodon transvaalensisBurlt-Davy ♯ CYNTR ‘Tifway’] cultivars were tolerant to oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-Δ2-1, 3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one] applied at rates up to 4.5 kg ai/ha during sprig establishment. The rate of shoot growth from sprigs after oxadiazon treatment was excellent and provided adequate ground cover within 3 months. Oxadiazon applications adversely affected root development of the Midiron cultivar as measured by the force required to uproot the sod. Root development of Vamont and Tifway after oxadiazon application was equal to that of untreated bermudagrass. Oxadiazon plus bensulide [O,O-diisopropyl phosphorodithioateS-ester withN-(2-mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide] was inhibitory to both root and shoot growth of all cultivars. Metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] applications at 3 and 5 weeks after sprigging caused severe root injury to Vamont and Midiron bermudagrass.

scholarly journals Effect of sprigging density and foliar nitrogen on the growth of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers. x Cynodon transvaalensis)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
D Dhanasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Bermuda Grass ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Cynodon Transvaalensis

Turf grasses have been utilized by humans to enhance their environment for more than 10centuries. Aesthetically, lawns enhance the quality of life, contribute to social harmony andcommunity pride, increase property values and compliment other landscape plants. The beautyof any garden largely depends on the greenness of the lawn. The first and foremost criteria fora well establishment and a satisfactory lawn are selection of suitable grass species and methodsof its establishment. Hence, an experiment was laid out to study the effect of different spriggingdensity and foliar nitrogen on the growth and establishment of bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylonL. Pers. x Cynodon transvaalensis) in floriculture unit of the Department of Horticulture, Facultyof Agriculture, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu during the year 2013-2015. Bermuda grasssprigs were planted in different spacing levels and foliar spray of urea with twelve treatmentcombinations comprising of different levels viz., 10 x 10 cm with 1%, 1.5% and 2%; 15 x 15 cmwith 1%, 1.5% and 2%; 20 x 20 cm with 1%, 1.5% and 2%; 25 x 25 cm with 1%, 1.5% and2%, in factorial randomized block design with three replications. From the results, it wasfound that the earliest spread and ground cover were observed in planting sprigs at closerspacing of 10 x 10 cm in combination with foliar application of nitrogen in the form of urea as2 % for two times at seven and fifteen days after planting.

scholarly journals Effect of the season on establishment of some turf grasses under the climatic conditions in eastern Morocco

2021 ◽  
pp. 518-523
Author(s):  
Khadija CHARIF ◽  
Ibtissam MZABRI ◽  
Maria RIMANI ◽  
Azzouz BOUKROUTE ◽  
Noureddine KOUDDANE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Growth Speed ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Eastern Morocco

The turfgrass establishment is an important criterion for the choice of turfgrass species. The faster a lawn is established the more benefits it has to offer for landscapers. The objective of this work is to study the growth speed and development of six species. Four of them are cool-season ones (temperate): Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea, Agrostis stolonifera and Poa pratensis while the other two are warm-season ones (tropical): Pennisetum clandestinum and Cynodon dactylon. The species are seeded in two distinct periods: spring and autumn and are studied under the climatic conditions of the eastern region of Morocco which is characterized by a semi-arid Mediterranean climate with continental tendency known for its severe cold in winter. The coverage rate is the parameter considered in order to determine the duration of establishment for each species. The study was conducted in the experimental station of the Faculty of Sciences of Oujda. The results show that the establishment pace differs depending on the season and the nature of the species. Autumn is the suitable season for temperate species, while tropical species have shown a faster growth in spring. Lolium perenne and Cynodon dactylon are the fastest species to establish as they need a maximum of 30 days after the seedlings’ development. Poa pratensis is the last species to cover the total area seeded within 50 and 60 days during the two season’s spring and autumn respectively

Combinations of MSMA with Preemergence Herbicides for Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) Control in Turf

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Combinations of MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate) with bensulide [O,O-diisopropyl phosphorodithioateS-ester withN-(2-mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide], DCPA (dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate), or prosulfalin {N-[[4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitrophenyl] sulfonyl]-S,S-dimethylsulfilimine} were applied at various dates of treatment to bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers.] and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensisL.) in the spring for large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop.] control. Bensulide controlled a higher percentage of weeds than did DCPA, regardless of treatment dates. When treatments were delayed until late April in Griffin and mid May in Blairsville, Georgia, large crabgrass control was improved from combinations of MSMA with bensulide compared to bensulide alone. Combinations of MSMA with DCPA improved large crabgrass control when applied in March and April at Griffin and in May at Blairsville. Combinations of MSMA with either bensulide or DCPA performed equally well whether applied as a single tank-mix treatment or as separate applications on the same day. Large crabgrass control was not improved at any date from combinations of MSMA with prosulfalin when compared with prosulfalin alone.

scholarly journals RGB Vegetation Indices, NDVI, and Biomass as Indicators to Evaluate C3 and C4 Turfgrass under Different Water Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Marín ◽  
Salima Yousfi ◽  
Pedro V. Mauri ◽  
Lorena Parra ◽  
Jaime Lloret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Brachypodium Distachyon ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Severe Condition

Grasslands have a natural capacity to decrease air pollution and a positive impact on human life. However, their maintenance requires adequate irrigation, which is difficult to apply in many regions where drought and high temperatures are frequent. Therefore, the selection of grass species more tolerant to a lack of irrigation is a fundamental criterion for green space planification. This study compared responses to deficit irrigation of different turfgrass mixtures: a C4 turfgrass mixture, Cynodon dactylon-Brachypodium distachyon (A), a C4 turfgrass mixture, Buchloe dactyloides-Brachypodium distachyon (B), and a standard C3 mixture formed by Lolium perenne-Festuca arundinacea-Poa pratensis (C). Three different irrigation regimes were assayed, full irrigated to 100% (FI-100), deficit irrigated to 75% (DI-75), and deficit irrigated to 50% (DI-50) of container capacity. Biomass, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), green area (GA), and greener area (GGA) vegetation indices were measured. Irrigation significantly affected the NDVI, biomass, GA, and GGA. The most severe condition in terms of decreasing biomass and vegetation indices was DI-50. Both mixtures (A) and (B) exhibited higher biomass, NDVI, GA, and GGA than the standard under deficit irrigation. This study highlights the superiority of (A) mixture under deficit irrigation, which showed similar values of biomass and vegetation indices under full irrigated and deficit irrigated (DI-75) container capacities.

Frequency of Herbicide Treatments for Summer and Winter Weed Control in Turfgrasses

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
First Year ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Wild Parsnip ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Full Rate ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Four herbicides were applied in the spring and fall over a 3-yr period to Kentucky bluegrass [Poa pratensis (L.) ‘Common′] in the Mountain Region and bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ‘Common′] in the Piedmont Region of Georgia at different frequencies of treatments for summer and winter weed control. Large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] was controlled throughout the 3-yr period from spring treatments of bensulide [O,O-diisopropyl phosphorodithioate S-ester with N-(2-mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide] at 11.2 kg/ha and oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-δ2-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one] at 4.5 kg/ha in the first year followed by 5.6 kg/ha for bensulide and 2.3 kg/ha for oxadiazon the following 2 yr. To control large crabgrass with benefin (N- butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine) it was necessary to apply 3.4 kg/ha for 2 consecutive yr before rates could be reduced to 1.7 kg/ha. Oxadiazon was the only herbicide that controlled goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.] completely. Control was excellent throughout the 3-yr period when oxadiazon was applied at full rate in the spring of the first year with no additional treatments during the following 2 yr. Optimum control of winter weeds was obtained throughout the 3-yr period when herbicides were applied at full rates for the spring and fall treatments the first year followed by one-half rates at similar dates the following 2 yr. Bensulide treatments increased cover of corn speedwell (Veronica arvensis L.) and hop clover (Trifolium agrarium L.); DCPA (dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate) and benefin increased spur weed (Soliva spp.) and wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L.); and oxadiazon increased wild parsnip and thymeleaf sandwort (Arenaria serpyllifolia L.).

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