Effects of Herbicides on Bermudagrass (Cynodonspp.) Sprig Establishment

Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers. ♯ CYNDA ‘Vamont’, ‘Midiron’, andCynodon dactylonXCynodon transvaalensisBurlt-Davy ♯ CYNTR ‘Tifway’] cultivars were tolerant to oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-Δ2-1, 3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one] applied at rates up to 4.5 kg ai/ha during sprig establishment. The rate of shoot growth from sprigs after oxadiazon treatment was excellent and provided adequate ground cover within 3 months. Oxadiazon applications adversely affected root development of the Midiron cultivar as measured by the force required to uproot the sod. Root development of Vamont and Tifway after oxadiazon application was equal to that of untreated bermudagrass. Oxadiazon plus bensulide [O,O-diisopropyl phosphorodithioateS-ester withN-(2-mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide] was inhibitory to both root and shoot growth of all cultivars. Metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] applications at 3 and 5 weeks after sprigging caused severe root injury to Vamont and Midiron bermudagrass.

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Effect of sprigging density and foliar nitrogen on the growth of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers. x Cynodon transvaalensis)

Journal of Horticultural Sciences ◽

10.24154/jhs.2018.v13i02.008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 172-177

Author(s):

D Dhanasekaran

Keyword(s):

Tamil Nadu ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Block Design ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Ground Cover ◽

Bermuda Grass ◽

Grass Species ◽

Foliar Nitrogen ◽

Cynodon Transvaalensis

Turf grasses have been utilized by humans to enhance their environment for more than 10centuries. Aesthetically, lawns enhance the quality of life, contribute to social harmony andcommunity pride, increase property values and compliment other landscape plants. The beautyof any garden largely depends on the greenness of the lawn. The first and foremost criteria fora well establishment and a satisfactory lawn are selection of suitable grass species and methodsof its establishment. Hence, an experiment was laid out to study the effect of different spriggingdensity and foliar nitrogen on the growth and establishment of bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylonL. Pers. x Cynodon transvaalensis) in floriculture unit of the Department of Horticulture, Facultyof Agriculture, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu during the year 2013-2015. Bermuda grasssprigs were planted in different spacing levels and foliar spray of urea with twelve treatmentcombinations comprising of different levels viz., 10 x 10 cm with 1%, 1.5% and 2%; 15 x 15 cmwith 1%, 1.5% and 2%; 20 x 20 cm with 1%, 1.5% and 2%; 25 x 25 cm with 1%, 1.5% and2%, in factorial randomized block design with three replications. From the results, it wasfound that the earliest spread and ground cover were observed in planting sprigs at closerspacing of 10 x 10 cm in combination with foliar application of nitrogen in the form of urea as2 % for two times at seven and fifteen days after planting.

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The Response of Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) to Microorganisms and Humate Soil Inoculations

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.449d ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 449d-449

Author(s):

J.O. Kuti ◽

S. Gans ◽

J.C. Hayes ◽

W. Tucker

Keyword(s):

Shoot Growth ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Root Mass ◽

Weekly Basis ◽

Quality Ratings ◽

Root And Shoot Growth ◽

Soil Inoculant ◽

Turfgrass Quality ◽

Humus Soil

Effects of soil inoculations of selected beneficial microorganisms and humate materials on root mass, shoot growth, and turfgrass quality of a 6-month-old bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. cv. Tifway) stands growing on microplots in Kingsville, Texas, were studied. *SuperBio + Humus soil inoculant formulated by Ag-Technology Inc., was used in this study. Various levels (0, 1/4, 1/2, 1, and 1.5 gallons per acre) of the *SuperBio product were injected into the soil with irrigation water on weekly basis. Prior to the treatments, five 7.62-cm plugs were removed from each of the microplot for root and shoot growth analysis. Plug samples were subsequently taken every 4 weeks after the treatments. While all treatments, except the controls, showed increase in shoot growth, only 1 gal/acre treatment gave significant increase in root mass as compared to the other treatments including the controls. It appears that visual turfgrass quality ratings increased with an increase in treatment levels.

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Preemergence Herbicide Effects on Nursery Crop Root and Shoot Growth

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-14.4.210 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 210-213

Author(s):

Jeffrey F. Derr ◽

Sydha Salihu

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effect ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Root Growth ◽

Root Development ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Plant Size ◽

Root And Shoot Growth ◽

Crop Root ◽

Herbicide Effects ◽

Preemergence Herbicides

Abstract The effects of preemergence herbicides on root and shoot growth of redtip photinia (Photinia × fraseri Lindl.), abelia (Abelia× grandiflora × A. Schumannii Rehd.), azalea (Rhododendron obtusum Planch. ‘Tradition’) and Japanese holly (Ilex crenata Thunb.‘Helleri’) were evaluated in container studies. Experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications and five containers of each species per plot. Root and shoot weights were recorded five weeks after either one, two or three herbicide applications. Ronstar (oxadiazon) and Ornamental Herbicide II [OH2 (oxyfluorfen plus pendimethalin)] had essentially no adverse effect on shoot or root development of the four species. Rout (oxyfluorfen plus oryzalin), Surflan (oryzalin), Gallery (isoxaben), and Factor (prodiamine) decreased root and/or shoot development of certain species, especially at the first two harvests. Plant size at treatment may be a factor in the extent of stunting caused by preemergence herbicides, with larger plants being more tolerant. Stunting of shoot and root growth appeared to be temporary.

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Isolation and identification of IAA producing endosymbiotic bacteria from Gracillaria corticata (J. Agardh)

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.12.0012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 5179

Author(s):

Ilahi Shaik* ◽

P. Janakiram ◽

Sujatha L. ◽

Sushma Chandra

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Culture Filtrate ◽

Indole Acetic Acid ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

High Salinity ◽

Saline Soils ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Endosymbiotic Bacteria ◽

Root And Shoot Growth

Indole acetic acid is a natural phytohormone which influence the root and shoot growth of the plants. Six (GM1-GM6) endosymbiotic bacteria are isolated from Gracilaria corticata and screened for the production of IAA out of six, three bacterial strains GM3, GM5 and GM6 produced significant amount of IAA 102.4 µg/ml 89.40 µg/ml 109.43 µg/ml respectively. Presence of IAA in culture filtrate of the above strains is further analyzed and confirmed by TLC. As these bacterial strains, able to tolerate the high salinity these can be effectively used as PGR to increase the crop yield in saline soils.

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Common Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Interference in Newly Planted Peach (Prunus persica) Trees

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500083910 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 50-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Stephen C. Weller ◽

Walter A. Skroch ◽

Thomas J. Monaco

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Ground Cover ◽

First Year ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Trunk Diameter ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll ◽

Tree Leaf ◽

Common Bermudagrass

Field experiments conducted over a 2-yr period demonstrated that common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. # CYNDA] inhibited growth of newly planted peach (Prunus persica L. ‘Norman’) trees. Common bermudagrass densities of 100, 75, 50, and 25% ground cover reduced tree fresh weight by 86, 64, 43, and 19%, respectively, the first year (1978) and 87, 62, 44, and 28%, respectively, the second year (1979) after planting. Tree trunk diameter relative growth rate (RGR) was reduced by 75 and 100% common bermudagrass ground cover densities at all measurement dates only in 1978. Tree leaf N and K were reduced in both years by common bermudagrass; however, only at the 100% common bermudagrass density in 1978 was N at a deficient level. Leaf chlorophyll was reduced in trees grown in all densities of common bermudagrass only in 1978. Reduced tree growth cannot be explained entirely by competition for essential nutrients; thus an allelopathic effect of the bermudagrass on young peach roots is suspected.

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The influence of plant growth regulators on root and shoot growth of containerized trees following root removal

The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1080/14620316.1998.11510985 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 353-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

G. Percival ◽

J. Gerritsen

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Root And Shoot Growth

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Effect of sand grain shape on root and shoot growth of wheat seedlings

Geoderma ◽

10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.10.022 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 265 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. Lipiec ◽

A. Siczek ◽

A. Sochan ◽

A. Bieganowski

Keyword(s):

Shoot Growth ◽

Grain Shape ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Root And Shoot Growth

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Circadian regulation of grapevine root and shoot growth and their modulation by photoperiod and temperature

Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1016/j.jplph.2018.01.006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 222 ◽

pp. 86-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kare P. Mahmud ◽

Bruno P. Holzapfel ◽

Yann Guisard ◽

Jason P. Smith ◽

Sharon Nielsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shoot Growth ◽

Circadian Regulation ◽

Root And Shoot Growth

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Silicon reduces aluminum content in tissues and ameliorates its toxic effects on potato plant growth

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20150585 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 506-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Athos Odin Severo Dorneles ◽

Aline Soares Pereira ◽

Liana Verônica Rossato ◽

Gessieli Possebom ◽

Victória Martini Sasso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Element ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Aluminum Content ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Al Content ◽

Potato Plants ◽

High Affinity ◽

Root And Shoot Growth ◽

Tolerant Genotype

ABSTRACT: Aluminum (Al) is highly toxic to plants, causing stress and inhibiting growth and silicon (Si) is considered beneficial for plants. This chemical element has a high affinity with Al. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Si to mitigate the toxic effects of Al on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) plants and assess whether this behavior is different among genotypes with differing degrees of sensitivity to Al. Potato plants of the genotypes SMIJ319-7 (Al-sensitive) and SMIF212-3 (Al-tolerant) were grown for fourteen days in nutrient solution (without P and pH 4.5±0.1) under exposure to combinations of Al (0 and 1.85mM) and Si (0, 0.5 and 1.0mM). After this period, shoot and roots of the two genotypes were collected to determine Al content in tissues and assess morphological parameters of root and shoot growth. Roots of both genotypes accumulated more Al than shoots and the Al-tolerant genotype accumulated more Al than the sensitive one, both in roots and in shoot. Furthermore, the presence of 0.5 and 1.0mM Si together with Al reduced the Al content in shoot in both genotypes and in roots of the Al-tolerant genotype, respectively. Si ameliorated the toxic effects of Al with regard to number of root branches and leaf number in both potato genotypes. Si has the potential to mitigate the toxic effects of Al in potato plants regardless of Al sensitivity.

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