The enthalpy and entropy of activation for ethyl acetate saponification

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 692-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aljana Petek ◽  
Majda Krajnc
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Entropy Of Activation ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy

Effect of Pressure on the Alkaline Hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate in Acetone–Water Solutions. Parameters of Activation at Constant Volume

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (22) ◽  
pp. 3414-3418 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Tonnet ◽  
E. Whalley
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Internal Energy ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Constant Volume ◽  
Acetone Water ◽  
Entropy Of Activation ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The effect of pressures up to 3 kbar on the rate of the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in acetone–water mixtures has been measured. From these measurements and the enthalpy and entropy of activation at constant pressure measured by others, the internal energy and entropy of activation at constant volume have been obtained as a function of solvent composition. The constant-volume parameters of activation vary with composition in a simpler way than the constant-pressure parameters. It seems likely that theoretical discussions of the solvent effect are easier if they are based on the constant-volume parameters. At low acetone concentrations, the addition of acetone reduces the rate constant at low pressure, but increases it at 3 kbar.

Dielectric relaxation of some aliphatic ketones in dilute solutions

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 794-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Madan
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Dielectric Relaxation ◽  
Relaxation Mechanism ◽  
Relaxation Data ◽  
Nonpolar Solvents ◽  
Aliphatic Ketones ◽  
Entropy Of Activation ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy ◽  
Dielectric Relaxation Behavior

The dielectric relaxation behavior of 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, 2-heptanone, and 3-nonanone in dilute nonpolar solvents, n-heptane, cyclohexane, benzene, and carbon tetrachloride has been studied in the microwave region at a number of temperatures. The relaxation data have been used to estimate the free energy, enthalpy, and entropy of activation for the relaxation mechanism. The values of the relaxation time for those solutions for which there are available known data agree well with other determinations. The results have been discussed in terms of dipole reorientation by intramolecular and overall molecular rotation and compared, wherever possible, with other similar studies on aliphatic molecules.

scholarly journals Kinetics and Mechanism of the Redox Reaction Between Pt(IV) Chloride Complex Ions and Sodium Thiosulfate in Aqueous Solution. Part I: Acidic Solution/ Kinetyka I Mechanizm Reakcji Redox Pomiędzy Chlorkowymi Jonami Kompleksowymi Pt(Iv) I Tiosiarczanem Sodu W Roztworach Wodnych. Część I: Roztwór Kwaśny

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1413-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pacławski ◽  
J. Piwowonska
Keyword(s):  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Sodium Thiosulfate ◽  
Chloride Complex ◽  
Elementary Step ◽  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Complex Ions ◽  
Mechanism Of Reaction ◽  
Entropy Of Activation ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy

Abstract In this work, spectrophotometric studies of the kinetics and mechanism of reaction between [PtCl6]2- complex ions and sodium thiosulfate, were carried out. The influence of different conditions, such as: initial concentrations of reductant and platinum(IV) complex ions, ionic strength, pH and temperature on the rate constant, was experimentally determined. From the obtained results, the molecularity of the first elementary step, value of the enthalpy and entropy of activation in Eyring equation as well as corresponding rate equation, were experimentally determined. It was found that the reaction is relatively slow and leads to the S, Pt and PtS colloids formation. The best conditions for solid phase formation containing Pt are at pH = 5.

Studies in polymerization - XXII. Initiation of polymerization by reaction between tetrakis(triphenyl phosphite)nickel(0) and halides: methyl methacrylate

1972 ◽  
Vol 326 (1567) ◽  
pp. 469-487 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Triphenyl Phosphite ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Absolute Rate Constant ◽  
Entropy Of Activation ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy Changes ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Initiation Of Polymerization

Tetrakis(triphenyl phosphite)nickel(0) (NiP 4 ) in solution in methyl methacrylate (MMA) undergoes reversible ligand exchange to form a species NiP 3 (MMA). Kinetic studies based on absorbance measurements are consistent with the view that a rate-controlling dissociation of NiP 4 is followed by rapid and almost complete complexing of NiP 3 with MMA. The enthalpy and entropy of activation for the dissociation have been determined, and also the standard enthalpy and entropy changes for the overall reaction. The initiation of polymerization which occurs in the presence of carbon tetrachloride has been shown to arise from reaction between NiP 3 (MMA) and CCI 4 , and the absolute rate constant of this process has been measured at various temperatures. Each NiP 3 (MMA) yields approximately one free radical, and it is thought that the final product is a Ni II derivative. Part of the oxidation must therefore proceed by a route which does not form radicals. The kinetics of the overall polymerization have been investigated by numerical solution of the appropriate differential equations, using the parameters evaluated, without any stationary state assumptions about the concentration of species involved in initiation. The agreement with experiment is satisfactory over a wide range of conditions.

Solvent Effects on the Enthalpy and Entropy of Activation for the Hydrolysis of β-Lactones

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Manso ◽  
M. Teresa Pérez-Prior ◽  
María del Pilar García-Santos ◽  
Emilio Calle ◽  
Julio Casado
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Entropy Of Activation ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Activation Parameters for Inversion of 1-(1-Naphthyl)-isoquinoline. II. Determination of the Enthalpy and Entropy of Activation for the Free Base.

1974 ◽  
Vol 28a ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörgen R. Pedersen ◽  
Per Andersen ◽  
F. Lindeløv ◽  
Terje Østvold ◽  
Alf Bjørseth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Free Base ◽  
Entropy Of Activation ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy

scholarly journals Thermodynamic properties of methyl 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate in organic solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
O. Ridka ◽  
V. Matiychuk ◽  
I. Sobechko ◽  
N. Tyshchenko ◽  
M. Novyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Entropy Of Mixing ◽  
Enthalpy Of Melting ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy ◽  
Organic Solutions

The enthalpy and the entropy of dissolution of methyl 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate in 2-propanol, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, 2-propanone and benzene were determined from the temperature dependence of its solubility.The enthalpies and the entropies of mixing at 298 K were calculated taking into account the enthalpy of melting of the compound, determined via differential thermal analysis.The influence of the solvent on the solubility of the compound and on the corresponding enthalpy and entropy of mixing values was shown.

scholarly journals Green dyeing of cotton fabrics by supercritical carbon dioxide

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1283-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Lai-Jiu Zheng ◽  
Yu-Ping Zhao ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
Xiao-Qing Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Entropy Of Activation ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Green dyeing process with zero waste water emission is a hot topic recently. This paper reveals that supercritical carbon dioxide is the best candidate for this purpose. Effects of thermodynamic parameters, such as enthalpy and entropy of activation, on dyeing process are studied experimentally.

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