Abnormally slow reaction of oppositely charged ions: The kinetics of dopamine hydrochloride oxidation by ammonium peroxydisulfate

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 520-525
Author(s):  
Yaroslav O. Mezhuev ◽  
Alexander V. Varankin ◽  
Anna L. Luss ◽  
Valerie A. Dyatlov ◽  
Aristides M. Tsatsakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Peroxydisulfate ◽  
Slow Reaction ◽  
Dopamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Charged Ions ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Kinetics Of

Kinetics of Reactions of Hexa(dimethylsulfoxide)nickel(II) Ion with Dithiocarbamate Ligands

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Scharfe ◽  
V. S. Sastri ◽  
C. L. Chakrabarti ◽  
C. H. Langford
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Slow Reaction ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of complex formation Ni(DMSO)62+ with dithiocarbamate ligands at 25 °C in DMSO is reported. The reactions display the apparent "anomaly" in the direction of slow reaction reported earlier for some other complex formation reactions of Ni(DMSO)62+ in DMSO.

The negative ions of atomic and molecular oxygen

1943 ◽  
Vol 239 (806) ◽  
pp. 269-304 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Excited Configuration ◽  
Virtual Level ◽  
Resonance Effects ◽  
Low Pressures ◽  
Charged Ions ◽  
Oppositely Charged

The properties, modes of formation and of destruction of the negative ions of atomic and molecular oxygen are examined in detail, using quantal theory to interpret and amplify the somewhat meagre experimental information. A detailed examination of the (Lf)2 (2j)2 (2/>)4 (3s) excited configuration of O - is made in an attempt to decide whether it can give rise to the observed stable excited state in which the attached electron has nearly zero binding energy. This is important in attachment, detachment and electron scattering phenomena as resonance effects will occur if the configuration is on the verge of stability or instability. The Hartree-Fock equations have been solved for the deepest (4P and 2P) terms of this configuration, polarization effects being allowed for by the introduction of a term involving a polarizability p regarded as an adjustable parameter. Stable excited P terms are only found when p is two to four times as large as the polarizability of O deduced from the refractivity of 0 2. This does not completely exclude identification of the excited state as belonging to the configuration considered. To examine the possible resonance effects, radiative attachment and detachment rates are calculated for a variety of values of the polarizability parameter p. The rapid variation of these quantities with p in the region where a real or virtual level of the 3^ electron, with small energy, exists makes it unlikely that definite theoretical values can be given until more information as to the proper value of p is forthcoming. Meanwhile, the parameter p provides a convenient correlation of the probabilities of the two processes with the energy of the 3* electron. The other possible attachment and detachment processes involving O and 0 ~ are also discussed. In order to interpret experiments on attachments of electron swarms in 0 2 and to decide how to extrapolate the results to low pressures, the deep electronic states of O^" are considered in detail, employing the empirical methods commonly used in studying molecular structure. It is found that their distribution is such as to make it most unlikely that Ofl~ ions can be formed with appreciable probability by attachment of slow electrons to Oz at low pressures, by a pressure-independent process other than direct radiative attachment. However, considerable difficulties and uncertainties are found in attempting a detailed interpretation of the experimental results at the higher pressures and more experiments are required. In the final section the formation of pairs of oppositely charged ions from molecules by impact of electrons or light quanta is investigated in terms of the theory of the crossing of molecular potentialenergy curves. The same theory is also applied to obtain information as to the possible magnitude of the cross-section for mutual neutralization of oppositely charged ions by electron transfer on impact. It is shown that a cross-section of between 10~13 and 10-12 cm.2 is quite likely to occur for atomic oxygen ions, but the occurrence of one as high as 1CH1 cm.2 is most unlikely. A detailed summary of results and conclusions is given.

scholarly journals Dipole-driven self-organization of zwitterionic molecules on alkali halide surfaces

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Nony ◽  
Franck Bocquet ◽  
Franck Para ◽  
Frédéric Chérioux ◽  
Eric Duverger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Crystal Surfaces ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Defect Sites ◽  
Low Coverage ◽  
Charged Ions ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Step Edges

We investigated the adsorption of 4-methoxy-4′-(3-sulfonatopropyl)stilbazolium (MSPS) on different ionic (001) crystal surfaces by means of noncontact atomic force microscopy. MSPS is a zwitterionic molecule with a strong electric dipole moment. When deposited onto the substrates at room temperature, MSPS diffuses to step edges and defect sites and forms disordered assemblies of molecules. Subsequent annealing induces two different processes: First, at high coverage, the molecules assemble into a well-organized quadratic lattice, which is perfectly aligned with the <110> directions of the substrate surface (i.e., rows of equal charges) and which produces a Moiré pattern due to coincidences with the substrate lattice constant. Second, at low coverage, we observe step edges decorated with MSPS molecules that run along the <110> direction. These polar steps most probably minimize the surface energy as they counterbalance the molecular dipole by presenting oppositely charged ions on the rearranged step edge.

Near-field plume properties of an ion beam formed by alternating extraction and acceleration of oppositely charged ions

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 055013 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Oudini ◽  
A Aanesland ◽  
P Chabert ◽  
S Lounes-Mahloul ◽  
A Bendib
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Charged Ions ◽  
Oppositely Charged

Ion trajectories in weak electrolytes

1980 ◽  
Vol 371 (1746) ◽  
pp. 413-427 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Applied Electric Field ◽  
Numerical Quadrature ◽  
Average Flow ◽  
Recombination Processes ◽  
Weak Electrolytes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Charged Ions ◽  
Oppositely Charged

The equations of the mean relative trajectories of neighbouring oppositely charged ions in a weak electrolyte that has attained a steady state in a uniform applied electric field are determined analytically. Both the dissociation and recombination of ions are considered and the mean relative trajectories are defined in terms of the ensemble average flow patterns of the ions participating in these processes. For recombination of ions, the equation of the boundary of ionic attraction is also derived. The mean times involved in the dissociation and recombination processes are determined by using numerical quadrature. The results obtained are consistent with the Bjerrum (1926) theory of weak electrolytes.

Adsorption Kinetics of Complexes Formed by Oppositely Charged Polyelectrolytes

2001 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Kekkonen ◽  
Hanna Lattu ◽  
Per Stenius
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Kinetics Of

Reaction Kinetics of Simultaneous Removal of SO2 and NO from Flue Gas by NaClO2 Solution

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Liu Feng ◽  
Guo Tianxiang ◽  
Zhao Yin
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Fast Reaction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Slow Reaction ◽  
Reaction Zones ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Removal Of So2

Experiments of simultaneous removal of SO2 and NO from simulated flue gas, using NaClO2 solution as the absorbent, were carried out in a self-designed bubble reactor, and removal efficiencies of 100 percent for SO2 and 95.2 percent for NO were obtained under the optimal experimental conditions. The mechanism of simultaneous removal of SO2 and NO using NaClO2 acid solutions was proposed by analyzing the removal products. The reaction kinetics for simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification were investigated, and the results indicated that the oxidation-absorption processes of SO2 and NO were divided into two zones, as the fast and slow reaction zones. In the slow reaction zones, both were zero order reactions, and in the fast reaction zones, the reaction order, rate constant and activation energy of SO2 removal reaction with absorbent were 1.4, 1.22 (mol L-1)-0.4 s-1 and 66.25 kJ mol-1, respectively, and 2, 3.15×103 (mol L-1)-1 s-1, and 42.50 kJ mol-1 for NO removal reaction, respectively.

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