All subtypes of the Pmp adhesin family are implicated in chlamydial virulence and show species‐specific function

A p100-GAP isoform, generated by an alternative splicing mechanism that eliminates the 180 hydrophobic amino acids at the amino terminus of p120-GAP, has been described in human placenta, in addition to the known p120GAP and neurofibromin. This p100-GAP possesses full Ras-GTPase stimulating activity. p120-GAP is ubiquitously localized in the cytosol while the localization of p100-GAP is unknown. Here we have explored the precise localization of p100-GAP and show that p100-GAP is present only in extracts of primate placenta. It is abundant in both human and Maccaca Rhesus placentae, where it is present in far larger amounts than p120-GAP. The p100-GAP is species-specific since it was not detected in the placenta of pig, sheep, mouse or rat. p100-GAP was also found to be organ-specific, since it was not detectable in organs other than the placenta. In this connection, we substantiated our previous finding that p100-GAP is mainly localized in the trophoblasts. Both subcellular trophoblast fractionation and immunofluorescence analyses showed that this protein was distributed between the cytosol, plasma membrane and a fraction bound to the nucleus, but not inside it. This highly restrictive specificity of p100-GAP localization in relation to species, organ and cell type, confirms the extreme singularity of this protein, and strongly suggests a particular specific function in the trophoblast.

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SPECIFIC AND NON-SPECIFIC POLYSACCHARIDES OF TYPE IV PNEUMOCOCCUS

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.53.5.625 ◽

1931 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 625-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Michael Heidelberger ◽

Forrest E. Kendall

Keyword(s):

Type I ◽

Specific Function ◽

Type Iv ◽

Specific Polysaccharide ◽

Species Specific ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

1. Three nitrogen-containing polysaccharides have been isolated from autolyzed cultures of Type IV pneumococcus: (1) a type-specific carbohydrate differing markedly from those of Type I, II, and III pneumococcus, and representing a type of substance hitherto not observed among specific polysaccharides, (2) a chemically similar carbohydrate without specific function, and (3) the "C" substance, or species-specific polysaccharide of Tillett, Goebel, and Avery. 2. The chemical differences between the specific polysaccharides of Pneumococcus are discussed, and the relationship of the new examples to chitin is pointed out and its bearing indicated on the unsettled controversy as to whether or not chitin occurs in bacteria. 3. The data of Tillett, Goebel, and Avery on the "C" substance have been extended.

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An Escherichia coli expression model reveals the species-specific function of FtsA from Neisseria gonorrhoeae in cell division

FEMS Microbiology Letters ◽

10.1093/femsle/fnx078 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 364 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yinan Zou ◽

Yan Li ◽

Sanjaya B. Ekanayake ◽

Jo-Anne R. Dillon

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Cell Division ◽

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Specific Function ◽

Expression Model ◽

Escherichia Coli Expression ◽

Species Specific

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Heterologous Complementation of SPO11-1 and -2 Depends on the Splicing Pattern

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22179346 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (17) ◽

pp. 9346

Author(s):

Thorben Sprink ◽

Frank Hartung

Keyword(s):

Functional Form ◽

Strand Break ◽

Developmental Phase ◽

Specific Function ◽

Aberrant Splicing ◽

The Past ◽

Splicing Pattern ◽

Global Understanding ◽

Species Specific ◽

Spatiotemporal Localization

In the past, major findings in meiosis have been achieved, but questions towards the global understanding of meiosis remain concealed. In plants, one of these questions covers the need for two diverse meiotic active SPO11 proteins. In Arabidopsis and other plants, both meiotic SPO11 are indispensable in a functional form for double strand break induction during meiotic prophase I. This stands in contrast to mammals and fungi, where a single SPO11 is present and sufficient. We aimed to investigate the specific function and evolution of both meiotic SPO11 paralogs in land plants. By performing immunostaining of both SPO11-1 and -2, an investigation of the spatiotemporal localization of each SPO11 during meiosis was achieved. We further exchanged SPO11-1 and -2 in Arabidopsis and could show a species-specific function of the respective SPO11. By additional changes of regions between SPO11-1 and -2, a sequence-specific function for both the SPO11 proteins was revealed. Furthermore, the previous findings about the aberrant splicing of each SPO11 were refined by narrowing them down to a specific developmental phase. These findings let us suggest that the function of both SPO11 paralogs is highly sequence specific and that the orthologs are species specific.

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Different subcellular localisations of TRIM22 suggest species-specific function

Immunogenetics ◽

10.1007/s00251-009-0357-z ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 271-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Anna-Maria Herr ◽

Ralf Dressel ◽

Lutz Walter

Keyword(s):

Specific Function ◽

Species Specific

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Electron Microscopy in the Study of Natural Phytoplankton Assemblages

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100119831 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 620-623

Author(s):

Linda Sicko-Goad

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Size Range ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Specific Information ◽

Phytoplankton Assemblages ◽

Phytoplankton Productivity ◽

Ecosystem Effects ◽

Time Of Year ◽

Species Specific

Although the use of electron microscopy and its varied methodologies is not usually associated with ecological studies, the types of species specific information that can be generated by these techniques are often quite useful in predicting long-term ecosystem effects. The utility of these techniques is especially apparent when one considers both the size range of particles found in the aquatic environment and the complexity of the phytoplankton assemblages.The size range and character of organisms found in the aquatic environment are dependent upon a variety of physical parameters that include sampling depth, location, and time of year. In the winter months, all the Laurentian Great Lakes are uniformly mixed and homothermous in the range of 1.1 to 1.7°C. During this time phytoplankton productivity is quite low.

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