Classification of prostatic diseases by means of multivariate analysis on in vivo
 proton MRSI and DCE-MRI data

The title of this paper is challenging, because the question of how in vitro methods and results contribute to human health risk assessment is rarely considered. The process of risk assessment usually begins with hazard assessment, which provides a description of the inherent toxicological properties of the chemical. The next step is to assess the relevance of this to humans, i.e. the human hazard assessment. Finally, information on exposure is examined, and risk can then be assessed. In vitro methods have a limited, but important, role to play in risk assessment. The results can be used for classification and labelling; these are methods of controlling exposure, analogous to risk assessment, but without considering exposure. The Ames Salmonella test is the only in vitro method which is incorporated into regulations and used widely. Data from this test can, at best, lead to classification of a chemical with regard to genotoxicity, but cannot be used for classification and labelling on their own. Several in vitro test systems which assess the topical irritancy and corrosivity of chemicals have been reasonably well validated, and the results from these tests can be used for classification. The future development of in vitro methods is likely to be slow, as it depends on the development of new concepts and ideas. The in vivo methods which currently have reasonably developed in vitro alternatives will be the easiest to replace. The remaining in vivo methods, which provide toxicological information from repeated chronic dosing, with varied endpoints and by mechanisms which are not understood, will be more difficult to replace.

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Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring neovascularization during bone regeneration—a randomized in vivo study in rabbits

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-021-03889-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

L. A. R. Righesso ◽

M. Terekhov ◽

H. Götz ◽

M. Ackermann ◽

T. Emrich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Blood Perfusion ◽

Autogenous Bone ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Dce Mri ◽

Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽

Contrast Enhanced

Abstract Objectives Micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) and histology, the current gold standard methods for assessing the formation of new bone and blood vessels, are invasive and/or destructive. With that in mind, a more conservative tool, dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), was tested for its accuracy and reproducibility in monitoring neovascularization during bone regeneration. Additionally, the suitability of blood perfusion as a surrogate of the efficacy of osteoplastic materials was evaluated. Materials and methods Sixteen rabbits were used and equally divided into four groups, according to the time of euthanasia (2, 3, 4, and 6 weeks after surgery). The animals were submitted to two 8-mm craniotomies that were filled with blood or autogenous bone. Neovascularization was assessed in vivo through DCE-MRI, and bone regeneration, ex vivo, through μ-CT and histology. Results The defects could be consistently identified, and their blood perfusion measured through DCE-MRI, there being statistically significant differences within the blood clot group between 3 and 6 weeks (p = 0.029), and between the former and autogenous bone at six weeks (p = 0.017). Nonetheless, no significant correlations between DCE-MRI findings on neovascularization and μ-CT (r =−0.101, 95% CI [−0.445; 0.268]) or histology (r = 0.305, 95% CI [−0.133; 0.644]) findings on bone regeneration were observed. Conclusions These results support the hypothesis that DCE-MRI can be used to monitor neovascularization but contradict the premise that it could predict bone regeneration as well.

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A study of statistical classification of aphasia: multivariate analysis of SLTA.

Higher Brain Function Research ◽

10.2496/apr.4.620 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 620-628 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hiroichi Tasaki ◽

Shunzo Watanabe ◽

Kei Hojo ◽

Kazue Chishima ◽

Hirobumi Metoki

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Statistical Classification

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Geographic Classification of Spanish and Australian Tempranillo Red Wines by Visible and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Multivariate Analysis

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jf061528b ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 54 (18) ◽

pp. 6754-6759 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

L. Liu ◽

D. Cozzolino ◽

W. U. Cynkar ◽

M. Gishen ◽

C. B. Colby

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Red Wines

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Classification of lymphoid neoplasms: the microscope as a tool for disease discovery

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2008-07-077982 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 112 (12) ◽

pp. 4384-4399 ◽

Cited By ~ 226

Author(s):

Elaine S. Jaffe ◽

Nancy Lee Harris ◽

Harald Stein ◽

Peter G. Isaacson

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Nk Cell ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

World Health ◽

International Studies ◽

Lymphocyte Function ◽

Lymphoid Neoplasms

AbstractIn the past 50 years, we have witnessed explosive growth in the understanding of normal and neoplastic lymphoid cells. B-cell, T-cell, and natural killer (NK)–cell neoplasms in many respects recapitulate normal stages of lymphoid cell differentiation and function, so that they can be to some extent classified according to the corresponding normal stage. Likewise, the molecular mechanisms involved the pathogenesis of lymphomas and lymphoid leukemias are often based on the physiology of the lymphoid cells, capitalizing on deregulated normal physiology by harnessing the promoters of genes essential for lymphocyte function. The clinical manifestations of lymphomas likewise reflect the normal function of lymphoid cells in vivo. The multiparameter approach to classification adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) classification has been validated in international studies as being highly reproducible, and enhancing the interpretation of clinical and translational studies. In addition, accurate and precise classification of disease entities facilitates the discovery of the molecular basis of lymphoid neoplasms in the basic science laboratory.

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Deep Neural Network Classification of In Vivo Burn injuries with Different Etiologies Using THz Time-Domain Spectral Imaging

10.1109/irmmw-thz50926.2021.9567529 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Omar B. Osman ◽

Zachery B. Harris ◽

Juin-Wan Zhou ◽

Mahmoud E. Khani ◽

Andrew Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Time Domain ◽

Deep Neural Network ◽

Spectral Imaging ◽

Burn Injuries ◽

Neural Network Classification

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Physiological Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Plants: Pleasant Exploration behind Its Unpleasant Odour

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2015/397502 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Zhuping Jin ◽

Yanxi Pei

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Defense Responses ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Plant Growth And Development ◽

Systematic Classification ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Overwhelming Evidence

Recently, overwhelming evidence has proven that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which was identified as a gasotransmitter in animals, plays important roles in diverse physiological processes in plants as well. With the discovery and systematic classification of the enzymes producing H2Sin vivo, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which H2S influences plant responses to various stimuli was reached. There are many functions of H2S, including the modulation of defense responses and plant growth and development, as well as the regulation of senescence and maturation. Additionally, mounting evidence indicates that H2S signaling interacts with plant hormones, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and other molecules in signaling pathways.

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