scholarly journals Effectiveness of behavioral interventions and behavior change techniques for reducing soft drink intake in disadvantaged adolescents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-734
Author(s):  
S. S. Shagiwal ◽  
E. Groenestein ◽  
A. Schop‐Etman ◽  
J. Jongerling ◽  
J. Waal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals Identifying effective intervention strategies to reduce children’s screen time: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Jones ◽  
Bridget Armstrong ◽  
R. Glenn Weaver ◽  
Hannah Parker ◽  
Lauren von Klinggraeff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Effectiveness ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Behavioral Techniques ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Background Excessive screen time ($$\ge$$ ≥ 2 h per day) is associated with childhood overweight and obesity, physical inactivity, increased sedentary time, unfavorable dietary behaviors, and disrupted sleep. Previous reviews suggest intervening on screen time is associated with reductions in screen time and improvements in other obesogenic behaviors. However, it is unclear what study characteristics and behavior change techniques are potential mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of behavioral interventions. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify the behavior change techniques and study characteristics associated with effectiveness in behavioral interventions to reduce children’s (0–18 years) screen time. Methods A literature search of four databases (Ebscohost, Web of Science, EMBASE, and PubMed) was executed between January and February 2020 and updated during July 2021. Behavioral interventions targeting reductions in children’s (0–18 years) screen time were included. Information on study characteristics (e.g., sample size, duration) and behavior change techniques (e.g., information, goal-setting) were extracted. Data on randomization, allocation concealment, and blinding was extracted and used to assess risk of bias. Meta-regressions were used to explore whether intervention effectiveness was associated with the presence of behavior change techniques and study characteristics. Results The search identified 15,529 articles, of which 10,714 were screened for relevancy and 680 were retained for full-text screening. Of these, 204 studies provided quantitative data in the meta-analysis. The overall summary of random effects showed a small, beneficial impact of screen time interventions compared to controls (SDM = 0.116, 95CI 0.08 to 0.15). Inclusion of the Goals, Feedback, and Planning behavioral techniques were associated with a positive impact on intervention effectiveness (SDM = 0.145, 95CI 0.11 to 0.18). Interventions with smaller sample sizes (n < 95) delivered over short durations (< 52 weeks) were associated with larger effects compared to studies with larger sample sizes delivered over longer durations. In the presence of the Goals, Feedback, and Planning behavioral techniques, intervention effectiveness diminished as sample size increased. Conclusions Both intervention content and context are important to consider when designing interventions to reduce children’s screen time. As interventions are scaled, determining the active ingredients to optimize interventions along the translational continuum will be crucial to maximize reductions in children’s screen time.

scholarly journals Diet Behavior Change Techniques in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Diabetes Care ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1800-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Cradock ◽  
Gearóid ÓLaighin ◽  
Francis M. Finucane ◽  
Rhyann McKay ◽  
Leo R. Quinlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Diet Behavior

scholarly journals Clinical Effectiveness of Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance Interventions for Men: A Systematic Review of Men-Only Randomized Controlled Trials (The ROMEO Project)

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1096-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Robertson ◽  
Alison Avenell ◽  
Fiona Stewart ◽  
Daryll Archibald ◽  
Flora Douglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
And Behavior

Men are underrepresented in obesity services, suggesting current weight loss service provision is suboptimal. This systematic review evaluated evidence-based strategies for treating obesity in men. Eight bibliographic databases and four clinical trials’ registers were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of weight loss interventions in men only, with mean/median body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2 (or ≥28 kg/m2 with cardiac risk factors), with a minimum mean/median duration of ≥52 weeks. Interventions included diet, physical activity, behavior change techniques, orlistat, or combinations of these; compared against each other, placebo, or a no intervention control group; in any setting. Twenty-one reports from 14 RCTs were identified. Reducing diets produced more favorable weight loss than physical activity alone (mean weight change after 1 year from a reducing diet compared with an exercise program −3.2 kg, 95% confidence interval −4.8 to −1.6 kg, reported p < .01). The most effective interventions combined reducing diets, exercise, and behavior change techniques (mean difference in weight at 1 year compared with no intervention was −4.9 kg, 95% confidence interval −5.9 to −4.0, reported p < .0001). Group interventions produced favorable weight loss results. The average reported participant retention rate was 78.2%, ranging from 44% to 100% retention, indicating that, once engaged, men remained committed to a weight loss intervention. Weight loss for men is best achieved and maintained with the combination of a reducing diet, increased physical activity, and behavior change techniques. Strategies to increase engagement of men with weight loss services to improve the reach of interventions are needed.

scholarly journals The design, implementation, and effectiveness of intervention strategies aimed at improving genetic referral practices: a systematic review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Morrow ◽  
Priscilla Chan ◽  
Katherine M. Tucker ◽  
Natalie Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Theoretical Domains Framework ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Implementation Outcomes ◽  
Opportunities For Learning ◽  
Referral Practices ◽  
Genetics And Genomics ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change Theories

Abstract Purpose Despite rapid advancements in genetics and genomics, referral practices remain suboptimal. This systematic review assesses the extent to which approaches from implementation science have been applied to address suboptimal genetic referral practices. Methods A search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO generated 7,794 articles, of which 28 were included. Lay barriers were mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and interventions mapped to behavior change techniques. Use of implementation and behavior change frameworks was assessed, and the Theory and Techniques Tool used to determine theoretical alignment. Results Knowledge was the most frequent retrospectively TDF-coded barrier, followed by environmental context and resources, and skills. Significant referral improvements occurred in 56% of studies. Among these, the most frequent interventions were clinical data review systems, family history collection and referral tools, and embedding genetics staff into nongenetic specialties. Few studies used implementation frameworks or reported implementation outcomes, though some deployed intuitive strategies that aligned with theory. Conclusion Genetic referral interventions are rarely informed by implementation and/or behavior change theories, limiting opportunities for learning across contexts. Retrospective coding has provided a suite of theoretically linked strategies, which may be useful for informing future efforts. Incorporating these strategies into clinical guidelines may facilitate operationalization within the system.

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