Internet-Based Programs Incorporating Behavior Change Techniques Are Associated With Increased Smoking Cessation in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract Background National and international guidelines recommend advance care planning (ACP) for patients with heart failure. But clinicians seem hesitant to engage with ACP. Purpose Our aim was to identify behavioral interventions with the greatest potential to engage clinicians with ACP in heart failure. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, ERIC, Ovid MEDLINE, Science Citation Index, and PsycINFO for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to August 2018. Three reviewers independently extracted data, assessed risk of bias (Cochrane risk of bias tool), the quality of evidence (Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation), and intervention synergy according to the behavior change wheel and behavior change techniques (BCTs). Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for pooled effects. Results Of 14,483 articles screened, we assessed the full text of 131 studies. Thirteen RCTs including 3,709 participants met all of the inclusion criteria. The BCTs of prompts/cues (OR: 4.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.03–8.59), credible source (OR: 3.24; 95% CI: 1.44–7.28), goal setting (outcome; OR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.56–4.57), behavioral practice/rehearsal (OR: 2.64; 95% CI: 1.50–4.67), instruction on behavior performance (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.63–3.79), goal setting (behavior; OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.57–2.87), and information about consequences (OR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.40–3.05) showed statistically significant effects to engage clinicians with ACP. Conclusion Certain BCTs seem to improve clinicians’ practice with ACP in heart failure and merit consideration for implementation into routine clinical practice.

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Behavior change techniques for increasing physical activity in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cancer Management and Research ◽

10.2147/cmar.s170064 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol Volume 10 ◽

pp. 5125-5143 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Emily Finne ◽

Melanie Glausch ◽

Anne-Kathrin Exner ◽

Odile Sauzet ◽

Friederike Stölzel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Behavior Change Techniques ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Behavior Change Techniques Associated With Changes in Postintervention and Maintained Changes in Self-Efficacy For Physical Activity: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis

Annals of Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1093/abm/kay090 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 801-815 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mei Yee Tang ◽

Debbie M Smith ◽

Jennifer Mc Sharry ◽

Mark Hann ◽

David P French

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Behavior Change Techniques ◽

Social Environmental ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Self-efficacy is an important determinant of physical activity but it is unclear how best to increase self-efficacy for physical activity and to maintain these changes. Purpose This systematic review aimed to identify which specific behavior change techniques (BCTs), BCT clusters, and number of BCTs were associated with changes in postintervention and maintained changes in self-efficacy for physical activity across all adult populations. Methods A systematic search yielded 180 randomized trials (204 comparisons) which reported changes in self-efficacy. BCTs were coded using the BCT Taxonomy v1. Hierarchical cluster analysis explored the clustering of BCTs. Meta-analyses and moderator analyses examined whether the presence and absence of individual BCTs in interventions were associated with effect-size changes for self-efficacy. Results Small intervention effects were found for postintervention self-efficacy for physical activity (d = 0.26; 95% CI: [0.21, 0.31]; I2 = 75.8 per cent). “Information about social, environmental, and emotional consequences” was associated with higher effect sizes, whereas “social support (practical)” was associated with lower effect sizes. Small and nonsignificant effects were found for maintained changes in self-efficacy for physical activity (d = 0.08; CI: [−0.05, 0.21]; I2 = 83.8 per cent). Lack of meaningful clustering of BCTs was found. A significant positive relationship was found between number of BCTs and effect sizes for maintained changes in self-efficacy for physical activity. Conclusions There does not appear to be a single effective approach to change self-efficacy for physical activity in all adults: different approaches are required for different populations. Interventions with more BCTs seem more effective at maintaining changes in self-efficacy for physical activity.

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