Prospects for an integrated trait and cultural psychology

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Timothy Church
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Test Elements ◽  
Trait Prediction

Church (2000) discussed a possible integration of trait and cultural psychology perspectives, two dominant theoretical approaches in the study of culture and personality. In this article, I summarise the results of cross‐cultural studies we have conducted to test elements of this integrated perspective, discuss prospects for an integrated approach, and note future research needs. The studies address the measurement of implicit theories regarding the traitedness versus contextuality of behaviour; culture, method, and the content of self‐concepts; culture and explanations of everyday behaviours; accuracy and self‐enhancement in trait assessments; cross‐role consistency and its relation to adjustment; and cross‐situational consistency and trait prediction of daily behaviour. Our results, and those of other researchers, indicate that an integration of trait and cultural psychology perspectives has potential. However, some findings suggest that cultural psychology hypotheses may be more consistently supported in comparisons of Americans with selected Asian cultures than in comparisons of individualistic and collectivistic cultures more generally. Thus, an integrated perspective may need to be recast using theoretical perspectives that go beyond individualism–collectivism. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Role of Incubation in Creative Problem Solving: Within a Collectivistic Cultural Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-118
Author(s):  
Rabia Anjum ◽  
Ivan Suneel
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Creative Problem Solving ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Creative Problem

Creative thinking is essential for the progress in education, industry and life in general. Incubation is a widely studied phenomenon in creativity research, referring to leaving a problem aside for a period, to accrue performance on a creative problem. This study investigated the effect of incubation on creative problem-solving by means of a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design, and remote associates tasks (RATs) were used as a measure of creative problem-solving. For this purpose, a sample of 60 students (22 males, 38 females) was recruited from the population of a private university. They were assigned to a control condition and two different experimental conditions based on the time of onset of incubation. The data collected was analyzed for a significant effect across all conditions by means of a chi-squared test and covariates were inferred by means of Spearman's Rho, with a significance level set at ?<.05. The results did not find an incubation effect in creative problem-solving, and several possible explanations may account for this trend, especially the limited cross-cultural application of measurement tools and theoretical paradigms. The disparity is especially prominent with regards to Pakistan, which is predominantly collectivistic, and the educational system stymies creative thinking. Future research must take into account the relevance of culture in creative problem-solving, and propose solutions to circumvent the dearth of creative potential in developing nations such as Pakistan. Keywords: Incubation, Creative Problem-Solving, Creativity, Remote Associate Tasks, Cross-Cultural Psychology

Culture, Context, and Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-208
Author(s):  
Harry W. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural Psychology ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Path

Cross-cultural psychology and human development are currently experiencing an exciting period of growth. Segall, Lonner, and Berry have noted that when all psychology finally takes into account the effects of culture on human behavior (and vice versa), terms like cross-cultural and cultural psychology will become unnecessary. At that point, all psychology will be truly cultural. In this chapter, the author defines cross-cultural human development; theoretical perspectives and models; emerging themes, such as contextual influences; applications to social issues; and future directions. As the author has earlier stated, tremendous challenges and opportunities lie ahead and speculating about the future path of cross-cultural psychology is difficult.

The Oxford Handbook of Positive Emotion and Psychopathology

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Basic Function ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Clinical Disorders ◽  
Positive Valence

This book provides an overview of key processes relevant to disturbances in positive valence systems; discusses cutting-edge advances on positive emotion disturbance in key clinical disorders, translational applications, and targeted treatment foci; discusses conceptualizations of psychopathology and models of positive emotion disturbances; and suggests future research to better understand the nature of positive emotion. The book covers cutting-edge scientific work and theoretical perspectives from a renowned group of psychologists. Their expertise spans a diverse array of methodological and theoretical approaches applied to the study of positive valence disturbances across the life span and across a range of psychiatric disorders. In doing so, this book demonstrates how examining populations characterized by positive emotion disturbance enables a better understanding of both psychiatric course and risk factors and informs claims about the basic function of positive emotion.

The Bioarchaeology of Childhood

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raelene M. Inglis ◽  
Siân E. Halcrow
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Life Course Approach ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Children And Childhood ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Theoretical Issues

Over the past two decades, there has been a rapid increase of research in the study of children and childhood in the past from anthropological, archaeological, and bioarchaeological perspectives. Despite recent research and theoretical developments, the advancement of research into childhood in the past continues to be somewhat hampered by the disparate theoretical approaches that are applied. This chapter reviews both the development of the bioarchaeological study of childhood and the important theoretical issues – including age, gender, and biocultural approaches – and offers suggestions for the development of approaches that “speak” between the different theoretical perspectives in the study of childhood in the past. Suggested future research directions include the integration of biological aspects into the social life course approach, by incorporating aspects of the biologically underpinned life history theoretical approach. Another imperative is to critically evaluate the attribution and meaning of “agency” in the bioarchaeology of childhood.

scholarly journals Theoretical Perspectives and Therapeutic Approaches in Music Therapy with Families

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsi Tuomi ◽  
Grace Thompson ◽  
Tali Gottfried ◽  
Esa Ala-Ruona
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Field

Music therapists have described the importance of working collaboratively with family members in various populations throughout the history of the profession. Despite the growing amount of literature, not enough is known regarding the scope of theoretical perspectives and therapeutic approaches that guide family centered music therapy. The aim of this international survey study was to better understand the professional perspectives and approaches of music therapists who work with families around the world. This article presents the results of the survey where a total of 125 responses were analysed. Participants’ responses indicated that music therapy with families is well established as an important field of practice that includes a large range of populations across the life span. Music therapists working with families emphasise that the work is holistic and flexible, both in terms of the theoretical approaches that inform their work and the methods/techniques that are included in sessions. The participants in this study advocated for more continuing professional development opportunities to further deepen and develop their practice. In addition, the survey data offers priorities and recommendations for future research.

Cognitive relationships between automobile attributes and personal values

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Lopes Pimenta ◽  
Éderson Luiz Piato
Keyword(s):  
Personal Values ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
A Value ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of the cognitive relationship between personal values of buyers and attributes of automobiles. Design/methodology/approach In total, 60 interviews were performed with buyers of sporty and compact cars. The qualitative laddering technique guided data collection and analysis, resulting in two cognitive value maps (HVM). The results were interpreted based on three theoretical approaches: Schwartz (1994), Allen (2000) and Gutman (1982). Findings The dominant chains from the two models indicate connection between “design and hedonism,” “internal finishing and hedonism” and “security items and safety as a value.” Therefore, these customers are predominantly characterized by individualistic values: by the pursuit of personal pleasure and concern for personal safety. Research limitations/implications Due to qualitative techniques having been used, future research could validate some presented results through surveys based on the connections between the set of attributes and values presented in this research. Practical implications Results from this study can help to develop segmentation and advertising strategies, as well as marketing aftermarket actions based on the psychographic profile provided by the HVMs. They may also assist integration between the initial and final phases of new vehicles’ development which have concepts similar to those studied here. Originality/value The extant literature provides few studies with the specific objective of identifying connections between vehicle attributes and the personal values of the consumers. This paper presents an interpretation of the cognitive relationships between vehicle attributes and personal values through three theoretical perspectives, providing multidimensional profiles to explain consumers’ values.

Beyond Cultural Values: An Implicit Theory Approach to Cross-Cultural Research in Accounting Ethics

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Wong-On-Wing ◽  
Gladie Lui
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Implicit Theory ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Alternative Conceptualization

ABSTRACT: The value dimensional approach for conducting cross-cultural studies in accounting has been subject to various critiques leading to calls for alternative conceptualization and operationalization of culture. The present research responds to those calls by testing the viability of using implicit theories as an alternative to value dimensions for studying cultural differences in the context of morality judgments. Consistent with expectations, results of Experiment I indicate that, independent of cultural values, differences in the implicit theory of causality between Chinese and Americans explained their divergence in inferences about the morality of a fraudster. In Experiments II and III, this effect of implicit theories was compared respectively with that of the individualism/collectivism value dimension and that of the power distance value dimension. Results show that the effect of implicit theories remained significant whereas the effect of both value dimensions was not significant. Implications for future research are discussed. Data Availability: Please contact the first author.

Review of Journeys Into Cross-Cultural Psychology.

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-397
Author(s):  
Terri Gullickson ◽  
Pamela Ramser
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural Psychology ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural
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