Change in cognition before and after non‐central nervous system cancer diagnosis: a population‐based cohort study

Background: Primary brain tumors are among the main causes of death. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological features of the brain and central nervous system cancer in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Methods: In this study, data of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study were used to estimate the incidence, prevalence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality in 21 countries in the MENA region from 1990 to 2019 based on age and sex. The percentage of the changes of epidemiologic indicators was calculated between 1990 and 2019. Results: Palestine and Turkey had the highest rate of brain and central nervous system cancer in 2019. Saudi Arabia, Oman, Iraq, and Lebanon had the highest percentage of incidence rate changes from 1990 to 2019. The prevalence of brain and central nervous system cancer in the MENA region was increased from 7.51 (95% CI: 4.95–11.01) in 1990 to 16.45 (95% CI: 10.83–19.54) in 2019 (percentage of changes = 54.35%). The standardized age mortality rate in the MENA region was increased by 2.7% in 2019 compared to that in 1990. The rate of standardized age of DALY per 100,000 individuals in the MENA region decreased from 135.09 (95% CI: 92.57–199.92) in 1990 to 128.34 (95% CI: 87.81–151.3) in 2019. Conclusion: The incidence rate, prevalence, and standardized age mortality (per 100,000) had increased significantly in the MENA region in 2019 compared to those in 1990. Focusing on the diversity of the estimates of such indices in different countries of MENA can lead to the identification of important risk factors for brain cancer in future studies.

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Neuropsychological Sequelae of Non-Central Nervous System Cancer and Cancer Therapy

Neuropsychology Review ◽

10.1007/s11065-008-9058-x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 121-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

Jeffrey S. Wefel ◽

Mariana E. Witgert ◽

Christina A. Meyers

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Cancer Therapy ◽

Neuropsychological Sequelae ◽

Central Nervous System Cancer ◽

Nervous System Cancer

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Immunopathology and Immunotherapy of Central Nervous System Cancer

Cancer Immunology ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-57949-4_16 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 379-425

Author(s):

Sara Hanaei ◽

Víctor Andrés Arrieta ◽

Adam M. Sonabend

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Central Nervous System Cancer ◽

Nervous System Cancer

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Case–control study of brain and other central nervous system cancer among workers at semiconductor and storage device manufacturing facilities

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2019-106120 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 238-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ema G Rodrigues ◽

Robert F Herrick ◽

James Stewart ◽

Helena Palacios ◽

Francine Laden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Cumulative Exposure ◽

Storage Device ◽

Central Nervous System Cancer ◽

Cns Cancer ◽

Control Study ◽

Nervous System Cancer

ObjectiveThis study evaluated the relationship between brain and other central nervous system cancer (‘CNS cancer’) and exposures at two semiconductor and electronic module manufacturing facilities and at a storage device manufacturing facility.MethodsThe case–control study, nested in a cohort of 126 836 employees, compared 120 CNS cancer cases and 1028 matched controls with respect to employment in 10 process groups and estimated cumulative exposure to 31 known or possible carcinogens.ResultsCNS cancer was associated with module manufacturing operations at two facilities. Module manufacturing is a process that begins with production of ceramic substrates followed by attachment of completed semiconductor chips and metal-containing circuitry resulting in a high performing electronic device. Positive associations with the highest tertile of estimated cumulative exposure were found for several chemicals, including 2-butoxyethanol, cyclohexanone, ortho-dichlorobenzene, cadmium, molybdenum, trichloroethylene and vinyl chloride.ConclusionsResults suggested positive associations between CNS cancer and specific operations and chemicals experienced in the semiconductor and electronic module manufacturing industry. However, lack of external support for these findings precludes a causal interpretation, and the observed associations may have been due to chance.

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Trajectories of Cognitive Function Prior to Cancer Diagnosis: A Population-Based Study

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute ◽

10.1093/jnci/djz178 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 112 (5) ◽

pp. 480-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kimberly D van der Willik ◽

Michael Hauptmann ◽

Katarzyna Jóźwiak ◽

Elisabeth J Vinke ◽

Rikje Ruiter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Population Based ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Cognitive Tests ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Nervous System Cancer

Abstract Background An emerging body of research suggests that noncentral nervous system cancer may negatively impact the brain apart from effects of cancer treatment. However, studies assessing cognitive function in newly diagnosed cancer patients cannot exclude selection bias and psychological effects of cancer diagnosis. To overcome these limitations, we investigated trajectories of cognitive function of patients before cancer diagnosis. Methods Between 1989 and 2013, a total of 2059 participants from the population-based Rotterdam Study were diagnosed with noncentral nervous system cancer. Cognitive assessments were performed every 3 to 5 years using a neuropsychological battery. The general cognitive factor was composed of individual cognitive tests to assess global cognition. Using linear mixed models, we compared change in cognitive function of cancer case patients before diagnosis with cognitive change of age-matched cancer-free control subjects (1:2). In addition, we performed sensitivity analyses by discarding assessments of control subjects 5 years before the end of follow-up to exclude effects from potential undiagnosed cancer. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results The Word Learning Test immediate recall declined faster among case patients than among control subjects (−0.05, 95% confidence interval = −0.09 to −0.01 vs 0.01, 95% confidence interval = −0.01 to 0.03; P for difference = .003). However, this difference was not statistically significant in sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, no statistically significant differences were observed in change of other individual cognitive tests and of the general cognitive factor. Conclusions In this study, we evaluated cognitive function in a large group of cancer patients prior to diagnosis, thereby excluding the psychological impact of cancer diagnosis and biased patient selection. In contrast to previous studies shortly after cancer diagnosis, we found no difference in change of cognitive function between cancer patients and control subjects.

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