Placebo-controlled study of montelukast and budesonide on short-term growth in prepubertal asthmatic children

Background The analgesic activity of morphine-6-glucuronide (M-6-G) is well recognized for its contribution to the effects of morphine and its possible use as an opioid analgesic with a wider therapeutic range than morphine. The present study attempted to quantify the relative contribution of M-6-G to analgesia observed after systemic administration of morphine. Methods In a placebo-controlled, sixfold crossover study in 20 healthy men, the effects of M-6-G were assessed at steady-state plasma concentrations of M-6-G identical to and two and three times higher than those measured after administration of morphine. Morphine and M-6-G were administered as an intravenous bolus followed by infusion over 4 h. Dosage A was M-6-G-bolus of 0.015 mg/kg plus infusion of 0.0072 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1). Dosage B was M-6-G-bolus of 0.029 mg/kg plus infusion of 0.014 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1). Dosage C was M-6-G-bolus of 0.044 mg/kg plus infusion of 0.022 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1). Dosage D was a morphine bolus of 0.14 mg/kg plus infusion of 0.05 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1) for 4 h. Dosage E was M-6-G combined with morphine (doses A + D). Dosage F was a placebo. The analgesic effects of M-6-G and morphine were measured before administration of the bolus and after 3.5 h using an experimental pain model based on pain-related cortical potentials and pain ratings after specific stimulation of the nasal nociceptor with short pulses of gaseous carbon dioxide. Results Morphine significantly reduced subjective and objective pain correlates compared with placebo. In contrast, M-6-G produced no statistically significant effects. The addition of M-6-G to morphine did not increase the effects of morphine. Morphine produced significantly more side effects than M-6-G. Conclusion After short-term intravenous administration at doses that produce plasma concentrations of M-6-G similar to those seen after administration of morphine, M-6-G had no analgesic effects in the present placebo-controlled study in healthy volunteers.

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Inhaled Terbutaline Administered via a Spacer Fully Prevents Exercise-Induced Asthma in Young Asthmatic Subjects: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/030006058901700602 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 506-513 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A.T. Dinh Xuan ◽

C. Lebeau ◽

R. Roche ◽

A. Ferriere ◽

M. Chaussain

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Work Load ◽

Cycle Ergometer ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Adrenergic Agonist ◽

Double Blind ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Age Range

The effects of inhaled terbutaline, a β2-adrenergic agonist, administered via a 750-ml spacer device were studied in young asthmatic subjects with exercise-induced asthma. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the effects of inhaled 0.5 mg terbutaline and placebo was conducted in 10 asthmatic children (age range 6–16 years) with documented exercise-induced asthma. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was measured at baseline, 15 min after inhaling terbutaline or placebo, and at intervals up to 60 min after exercising. Subjects exercised using a cycle ergometer for 5 min at a submaximal, constant work-load while breathing dry air at room temperature. Terbutaline induced bronchodilation at rest in all subject and fully prevented exercise-induced asthma in nine out of the 10 subjects; the exercise-induced fall in FEV1 was markedly reduced in the remaining subject. It is concluded that exercise-induced asthma can be inhibited by pretreatment with inhaled terbutaline, administered via a spacer, in a majority of young asthmatics.

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School Performance and Theophylline

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.80.1.124 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 124-125

Author(s):

MILES WEINBERGER ◽

SCOTT LINDGREN ◽

JESSE JOAD

Keyword(s):

School Performance ◽

Short Term ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Term Administration ◽

Usa Today ◽

And Behavior

To the Editor.— Dr Rachelefsky and his colleagues reported, first in USA Today (Dec 2, 1986, p 1) and later in Pediatrics (1986;78:1133-1138) that theophylline adversely affected school performance. Specifically, they stated, "Teachers said kids couldn't sit still, they weren't remembering as well, they were acting up, and their handwriting had changed" (USA Today). They concluded that "the short-term administration of theophylline to asymptomatic asthmatic children not receiving oral bronchodilators can adversely affect school performance and behavior" (Pediatrics).

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Review for "Corticomotor reorganization during short‐term visuomotor training in the lower back: A randomized controlled study"

10.1002/brb3.1702/v1/review1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Study ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Short Term ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Lower Back

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Analysis of acute naproxen administration on memory in young adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Journal of Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1177/0269881117724406 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (10) ◽

pp. 1374-1376

Author(s):

Jack H Wilson ◽

Amy H Criss ◽

Sean A Spangler ◽

Katherine Walukevich ◽

Sandra Hewett

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Healthy Adult ◽

Adult Population ◽

Critical Role ◽

Random Order ◽

Controlled Study ◽

High Dose ◽

Short Term ◽

Double Blind ◽

Inflammatory Drugs

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs work by non-selectively inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes. Evidence indicates that metabolites of the cyclooxygenase pathway play a critical role in the process of learning and memory. We evaluated whether acute naproxen treatment impairs short-term working memory, episodic memory, or semantic memory in a young, healthy adult population. Participants received a single dose of placebo or naproxen (750 mg) in random order separated by 7–10 days. Two hours following administration, participants completed five memory tasks. The administration of acute high-dose naproxen had no effect on memory in healthy young adults.

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Impact of nerve stimulator-guided obturator nerve block on the short-term outcomes and complications of transurethral resection of bladder tumour: A prospective randomized controlled study

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.3149 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (11-12) ◽

pp. 780 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Deniz Bolat ◽

Ozgu Aydogdu ◽

Zeki Tuncel Tekgul ◽

Salih Polat ◽

Tarik Yonguc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Anesthesia ◽

Bladder Wall ◽

Lateral Wall ◽

Adductor Muscle ◽

Obturator Nerve ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Nerve Stimulator ◽

Short Term ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Obturator Nerve Block

Introduction: In this prospective randomized controlled study, we investigated the efficacy of obturator nerve block (ONB) on adductor muscle spasm and related short-term outcomes and complications in patients who underwent transurethral resection of lateral wall-located bladder tumours (TURBT).Methods: Between July 2014 and February 2015, 70 patients scheduled to undergo TUR of lateral bladder wall tumours were enrolled in the study. All patients were preoperatively evaluated by cystoscopy and imaging tools and selected according to localized tumours on the lateral bladder wall. Patients were randomly allocated to Group SA (35 patients who underwent only spinal anesthesia) and Group ONB (35 patients who underwent spinal anesthesia combined with ONB by the nerve stimulator). An independent observer, blinded to the approach, evaluated the obturator signs, including adductor muscle contraction, bladder perforation, and completeness of the resection during the TURBT procedure.Results: The differences between groups regarding mean operation time, tumour size, and number were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Adductor muscle contraction was detected in 40% of patients in Group SA and 11.4% in Group ONB. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.021). Complete bladder perforation was detected in 2 patients in Group SA, whereas no perforation was observed in Group ONB. There was no case of severe bleeding in both groups. Conclusions: We found that ONB performed after spinal anesthesia was effective in preventing intraoperative complications due to adductor muscle spasm while performing TURBT. Our study limitations include its small sample size, since we only enrolled patients with primary lateral wall-localized bladder tumo

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