The In Vivo Radiosensitizing Effect of Gold Nanoparticles Based MRI Contrast Agents

The purpose of this study is to establish the minimal injection doses of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents that can achieve optimized images while improving the safety of injectable MRI drugs. Gadolinium-diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-DTPA) and ferucarbotran, commonly used in clinical practice, were selected and evaluated with in vitro and in vivo experiments. MRI was acquired using T1-weighted (T1W) and T2-weighted (T2W) sequences, and the results were quantitatively analyzed. For in vitro experiments, results showed that T1W and T2W images were optimal when Gd-DTPA-bisamide (2-oxoethyl) (Gd-DTPA-BMEA) and ferucarbotran were diluted to a volume percentage of 0.6% and 0.05%; all comparisons were significant differences in grayscale statistics using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). For in vivo experiments, the contrast agent with optimal concentration percentages determined from in vitro experiments were injected into mice with an injection volume of 100 μL, and the images of brain, heart, liver, and mesentery before and after injection were compared. The statistical results showed that the p values of both T1W and T2W were less than 0.001, which were statistically significant. Under safety considerations for MRI contrast agent injection, optimized MRI images could still be obtained after reducing the injection concentration, which can provide a reference for the safety concentrations of MRI contrast agent injection in the future.

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Dynamic, Simultaneous Concentration Mapping of Multiple MRI Contrast Agents with Dual Contrast - Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-56531-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Christian E. Anderson ◽

Mette Johansen ◽

Bernadette O. Erokwu ◽

He Hu ◽

Yuning Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Contrast Agents ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Single Agent ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Mri Contrast Agent ◽

Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Contrast Magnetic Resonance

AbstractSynchronous assessment of multiple MRI contrast agents in a single scanning session would provide a new “multi-color” imaging capability similar to fluorescence imaging but with high spatiotemporal resolution and unlimited imaging depth. This multi-agent MRI technology would enable a whole new class of basic science and clinical MRI experiments that simultaneously explore multiple physiologic/molecular events in vivo. Unfortunately, conventional MRI acquisition techniques are only capable of detecting and quantifying one paramagnetic MRI contrast agent at a time. Herein, the Dual Contrast – Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (DC-MRF) methodology was extended for in vivo application and evaluated by simultaneously and dynamically mapping the intra-tumoral concentration of two MRI contrast agents (Gd-BOPTA and Dy-DOTA-azide) in a mouse glioma model. Co-registered gadolinium and dysprosium concentration maps were generated with sub-millimeter spatial resolution and acquired dynamically with just over 2-minute temporal resolution. Mean tumor Gd and Dy concentration measurements from both single agent and dual agent DC-MRF studies demonstrated significant correlations with ex vivo mass spectrometry elemental analyses. This initial in vivo study demonstrates the potential for DC-MRF to provide a useful dual-agent MRI platform.

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Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents for Proton and Dual Proton/Fluorine MRI

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9060879 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 879 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Maria Şologan ◽

Francesco Padelli ◽

Isabella Giachetti ◽

Domenico Aquino ◽

Mariangela Boccalon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Contrast Agents ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Gold Core ◽

19F Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Gold nanoparticles carrying fluorinated ligands in their monolayer are, by themselves, contrast agents for 19F magnetic resonance imaging displaying high sensitivity because of the high density of fluorine nuclei achievable by grafting suitable ligands on the gold core surface. Functionalization of these nanoparticles with Gd(III) chelates allows adding a further functional activity to these systems, developing materials also acting as contrast agents for proton magnetic resonance imaging. These dual mode contrast agents may allow capitalizing on the benefits of 1H and 19F magnetic resonance imaging in a single diagnostic session. In this work, we describe a proof of principle of this approach by studying these nanoparticles in a high field preclinical scanner. The Gd(III) centers within the nanoparticles monolayer shorten considerably the 19F T1 of the ligands but, nevertheless, these systems display strong and sharp NMR signals which allow recording good quality 19F MRI phantom images at nanoparticle concentration of 20 mg/mL after proper adjustment of the imaging sequence. The Gd(III) centers also influence the T1 relaxation time of the water protons and high quality 1H MRI images could be obtained. Gold nanoparticles protected by hydrogenated ligands and decorated with Gd(III) chelates are reported for comparison as 1H MRI contrast agents.

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LDL-mimetic lipid nanoparticles prepared by surface KAT ligation for in vivo MRI of atherosclerosis

Chemical Science ◽

10.1039/d0sc04106h ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (44) ◽

pp. 11998-12008

Author(s):

Alessandro Fracassi ◽

Jianbo Cao ◽

Naoko Yoshizawa-Sugata ◽

Éva Tóth ◽

Corey Archer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contrast Agents ◽

Fluorescent Dyes ◽

Lipid Nanoparticles ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Mimetic Peptide

LDL-mimetic lipid nanoparticles, decorated with MRI contrast agents and fluorescent dyes, were prepared by the covalent attachments of an apoB100-mimetic peptide, Gd(iii)-chelate, and rhodamine to enhance atherosclerosis in the in vivo imaging.

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Uniform Fe3O4/Gd2O3-DHCA nanocubes for dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging

Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology ◽

10.3762/bjnano.11.84 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 1000-1009

Author(s):

Miao Qin ◽

Yueyou Peng ◽

Mengjie Xu ◽

Hui Yan ◽

Yizhu Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Contrast Agents ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Clinical Diagnostics ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Dual Mode ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique has been extensively studied over the past few years since it offers complementary information that can increase diagnostic accuracy. Simple methods to synthesize contrast agents are necessary for the development of multimodal MRI. Herein, uniformly distributed Fe3O4/Gd2O3 nanocubes for T 1–T 2 dual-mode MRI contrast agents were successfully designed and synthesized. In order to increase hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, the nanocubes were coated with nontoxic 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (DHCA). The results show that iron (Fe) and gadolinium (Gd) were homogeneously distributed throughout the Fe3O4/Gd2O3-DHCA (FGDA) nanocubes. Relaxation time analysis was performed on the images obtained from the 3.0 T scanner. The results demonstrated that r 1 and r 2 maximum values were 67.57 ± 6.2 and 24.2 ± 1.46 mM−1·s−1, respectively. In vivo T 1- and T 2-weighted images showed that FGDA nanocubes act as a dual-mode contrast agent enhancing MRI quality. Overall, these experimental results suggest that the FGDA nanocubes are interesting tools that can be used to increase MRI quality, enabling accurate clinical diagnostics.

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Ultrasmall Europium, Gadolinium, and Dysprosium Oxide Nanoparticles: Polyol Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Imaging Applications

Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1389557520666200604163452 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (17) ◽

pp. 1767-1780 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huan Yue ◽

Ja Young Park ◽

Yongmin Chang ◽

Gang Ho Lee

Keyword(s):

Contrast Agents ◽

In Vivo Imaging ◽

Biomedical Imaging ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Polyol Synthesis ◽

Imaging Agents ◽

Bibliographic Databases ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

X Ray

Imaging agents are crucial in diagnosing diseases. Ultrasmall lanthanide oxide (Ln2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) (Ln = Eu, Gd, and Dy) are promising materials as high-performance imaging agents because of their excellent magnetic, optical, and X-ray attenuation properties which can be applied as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorescence imaging (FI), and X-ray computed tomography (CT) agents, respectively. Ultrasmall Ln2O3 NPs (Ln = Eu, Gd, and Dy) are reviewed here. The reviewed topics include polyol synthesis, characterization, properties, and biomedical imaging applications of ultrasmall Ln2O3 NPs. Recently published papers were used as bibliographic databases. A polyol method is a simple and efficient one-pot synthesis for preparing ultrasmall Ln2O3 NPs. Ligand-coated ultrasmall Ln2O3 NPs have good colloidal stability, biocompatibility, and renal excretion ability suitable for in vivo imaging applications. Ultrasmall Eu2O3 NPs display photoluminescence in the red region suitable for use as FI agents. Ultrasmall Gd2O3 NPs have r1 values higher than those of commercial molecular contrast agents and r2/r1 ratios close to 1, which make them eligible for use as T1 MRI contrast agents. Ultrasmall Dy2O3 NPs exhibit high r2 and negligible r1 values, which make them suitable for use as T2 MRI contrast agents. All ultrasmall Ln2O3 NPs have high X-ray attenuation powers which make them suitable for use as CT contrast agents. Unmixed, mixed, or doped ultrasmall Ln2O3 NPs with different Ln are extremely useful for in vivo imaging applications in MRI, CT, FI, MRI-CT, MRI-FI, CT-FI, and MRI-CT-FI.

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Investigation of cyano-bridged coordination nanoparticles Gd3+/[Fe(CN)6]3−/d-mannitol as T1-weighted MRI contrast agents

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c5nr01557j ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (28) ◽

pp. 11899-11903 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

M. Perrier ◽

A. Gallud ◽

A. Ayadi ◽

S. Kennouche ◽

C. Porredon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Contrast Agents ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Mri Contrast

Ultra small Gd3+/[Fe(CN)6]3− nanoparticles are investigated in vivo as contrast agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Rhein-Based MRI Contrast Agents for in Vivo Visualization of Necrosis

Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01868 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 90 (22) ◽

pp. 13249-13256 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Li Bian ◽

Meng Gao ◽

Dongjian Zhang ◽

Aiyan Ji ◽

Chang Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contrast Agents ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Synthesis And Biological Evaluation

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Pharmacokinetics of Chiral Dendrimer-Triamine-Coordinated Gd-MRI Contrast Agents Evaluated by in Vivo MRI and Estimated by in Vitro QCM

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s151229900 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 31973-31986 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yuka Miyake ◽

Syungo Ishikawa ◽

Yu Kimura ◽

Aoi Son ◽

Hirohiko Imai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contrast Agents ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Mri Contrast

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Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Detection of Vulnerable Plaques

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvbaha.112.300108 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Brigit den Adel ◽

Mat J. Daemen ◽

Robert E. Poelmann ◽

Louise van der Weerd

Keyword(s):

Contrast Agents ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Plaque Vulnerability ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Atherosclerosis Development ◽

Targeted Mri ◽

Molecular Resonance

Recent advances in molecular resonance imaging of atherosclerosis enable to visualize atherosclerotic plaques in vivo using molecular targeted contrast agents. This offers opportunities to study atherosclerosis development and plaque vulnerability noninvasively. In this review, we discuss MRI contrast agents targeted toward atherosclerotic plaques and illustrate how these new imaging platforms could assist in our understanding of atherogenesis and atheroprogression. In particular, we highlight the challenges and limitations of the different contrast agents and hurdles for clinical application. We describe the most promising existing compounds to detect atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability. Of particular interest are the fibrin-targeted compounds that detect thrombi and, furthermore, the contrast agents targeted to integrins that allow to visualize plaque neovascularization. Moreover, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1–targeted iron oxides seem promising for early detection of atherosclerosis. These targeted MRI contrast agents, however promising and well characterized in (pre)clinical models, lack specificity for plaque vulnerability.

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