Dialysis Providers’ Perceptions of Barriers to Transplant for Black and Low-Income Patients: A Mixed Methods Analysis Guided by the Socio-Ecological Model for Transplant

AbstractThe goal of this study was to measure food insecurity among families with children in a low-income district of Lima, Peru and to identify the formal and informal food resources available to them that may affect their food security status. In June-July 2019, we collected data from 329 randomly selected households in Villa El Salvador (Lima, Peru). Following a mixed methods approach, we found that the percentage of households using food assistance programs (FAPs) increased with increasing levels of food insecurity, but two FAPs were heavily used by households regardless of food (in)security. The main reasons for using FAPs included financial need, already being signed up in the program, and believing that the food was of nutritional value; the main reasons for non-use were finding the program unnecessary, dislike or poor perceived quality of the food, and not being able to sign up for the program. Similarly, informal food resources, such as buying food on credit or receiving food from someone outside the household, were incrementally used with increased levels of food insecurity. Our study clarifies the relationship between level of household food insecurity and FAP use – FAPs more commonly used by food insecure households were used because of financial need, whereas the FAPs most commonly used by food secure households were those with automatic enrollment. At a programmatic level, our research highlights the need for making nutritious and preferred foods available in FAPs and standardizing the application of enrollment criteria.

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A win-win situation? Urban regeneration and the paradox of homeowner displacement

Environment and Planning A Economy and Space ◽

10.1177/0308518x211050079 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0308518X2110500

Author(s):

Yinnon Geva ◽

Gillad Rosen

Keyword(s):

Mixed Methods ◽

Low Income ◽

Population Change ◽

Urban Regeneration ◽

High Rise ◽

Market Choice ◽

Contractual Agreements

This paper examines urban regeneration outcomes for homeowners through a mixed-methods analysis of population change in six redevelopment sites. Israel's national urban regeneration policy presents itself as a ‘win-win’ mechanism, claiming that it mitigates displacement. This claim is tested and discussed through the theoretical lens of state-led gentrification and displacement. The Israeli program relies on contractual agreements between private homeowners and developers and provides homeowners with newly built high-rise condominium units. Consequently, homeowners can choose how to capitalize on their new property – whether to inhabit, let or sell. We argue that their choice reflects the preferences and varied capabilities of owners. While homeowners are relatively protected from direct displacement, the variance in owner capabilities may lead to economic pressures that chiefly impact vulnerable low-income owners. We suggest that the Israeli model of sharing the benefits from housing commodification glosses over the capability gap and frames potential displacement pressures as market choice features.

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Beyond Posters and Pennants: College-Going Messaging at Three Racially and Economically Diverse Public Schools

Teachers College Record ◽

10.1177/016146811912101103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 121 (11) ◽

pp. 1-42

Author(s):

Melissa A. Martinez ◽

Isaac Torres ◽

Katherine Lewis

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

High Schools ◽

Low Income ◽

Students Of Color ◽

Common Ground ◽

Ecological Model ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

College Going ◽

Field Notes ◽

College Going Culture

Context It has been argued that high schools with a majority of students of color and from low-income backgrounds must be purposeful in fostering a college-going culture in order to address the challenges and inequities historically underserved students face in preparing for and accessing a higher education. However, what this looks and sounds like in practice is not always clear, leaving schools seeking common ground on how to create a college-going environment. Purpose Through a symbolic and ecological model of college readiness framework, the messaging associated with the college-going culture at three racially and economically diverse Texas high schools that had consistently high college ready graduate rates was examined. The research questions that guided the study included: What types of college-going culture messages are conveyed at the schools, and how? How might such messaging impact students, school staff and leaders? Research Design This study drew on data from a three-year, multi-site descriptive case study of three public high schools in different regions of Texas that all served approximately 50% or more of students with financial need and 72% to 97% students of color, specifically Latina/o and Black students. Data Collection and Analysis Data was collected during week-long, yearly visits to the three schools and included: school and district documents; individual and group semi-structured interviews with 194 individuals including administrators, teachers, support staff, students, parents, and community members; observations of common areas and classrooms; archival data; and researcher-derived documents including field notes, memos, and photographs of the school grounds and school activities. This paper primarily drew on the pictures taken of the schools (in hallways, classrooms, and shared spaces like cafeterias and libraries), field notes, memos, and interview data that specifically spoke to the visual and verbal messaging associated with the college-going culture. Analysis of data revealed six themes: college is a revered goal with many options; varying degrees of integration; support and resources are at your reach; think college and career; finding funding for college is vital; college is an individual and shared success. Conclusions This study's findings suggest the need to: reconsider what a strong college-going culture entails, re-envision college-going cultures as dynamic, multi-layered, and responsive, reframe postsecondary opportunities so they are more expansive and varied, and re-evaluate inequities in college-going messaging and academic rigor.

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How Trauma, Depression, and Gender Roles Lead to Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among a Sample of Predominately Low-Income Black, Indigenous, Men of Color: A Mixed Methods Study

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260520967139 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 088626052096713

Author(s):

Laura A. Voith ◽

Hyunjune Lee ◽

Katie Russell

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Gender Roles ◽

Low Income ◽

Partner Violence ◽

The United States ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Men Of Color ◽

Ipv Perpetration

Despite decades of research and significant efforts by practitioners and advocates, intimate partner violence (IPV) in the United States remains a public health issue that disproportionately affects racial/ethnic minorities. The lack of mixed methods and qualitative studies, particularly with Black, Indigenous, Men of Color (BIMOC), limits the field’s ability to tease apart the complex, multifaceted aspects of IPV perpetration and minimizes diverse perspectives of how childhood trauma and key proximal factors culminate in IPV perpetration. An explanatory design, follow-up explanations model, was used with a sample of predominately low-income BIMOC in a batterer intervention program (BIP). Associations between IPV and theoretically supported factors (e.g., trauma symptoms, depression, gender roles) were examined using a cross-sectional survey ( N = 67) with ordinary least squares regression. Following up, processes explaining how these factors might lead to IPV perpetration were explored using semistructured interviews ( N = 11) with narrative analysis. Results indicate that depressive and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms together predict men’s IPV perpetration. Participants’ collective narrative explains how key factors—such as adverse childhood experiences, PTSD, depression, social isolation, anger, and restricted emotionality—work together to culminate in IPV perpetration. Findings shed light on potential trajectories and antecedents that manifest in IPV perpetration, providing implications for practice techniques and program development with low-income BIMOC in BIPs.

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The Development and Sustainability of School-Based Parent Networks in Low-Income Latinx Communities: A Mixed-Methods Investigation

American Educational Research Journal ◽

10.3102/0002831220916461 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (6) ◽

pp. 2450-2484

Author(s):

David E. Rangel ◽

Megan N. Shoji ◽

Adam Gamoran

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Low Income ◽

Family Engagement ◽

Short Term ◽

Building Relationships ◽

School Based ◽

Quantitative Results ◽

Over Time

Research suggests that school-based parent networks have significant benefits for children’s education, yet scholars know very little about how such relationships form and develop over time. This study uses interview and survey data with elementary school parents in predominantly low-income Latinx communities to examine how parents meet one another; how deeper, more trusting relationships develop; and how the size and quality of parent networks change over time in the presence and absence of a family engagement program. Interview data suggest few and infrequent opportunities for parents to meet one another, which makes building relationships characterized by trust and shared expectations more difficult. The quantitative results show positive short-term effects of the program but differential effects over time.

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Exploring the factors motivating continued Lay First Responder participation in Uganda: a mixed-methods, 3-year follow-up

Emergency Medicine Journal ◽

10.1136/emermed-2020-210076 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 40-46

Author(s):

Peter G Delaney ◽

Zachary J Eisner ◽

T Scott Blackwell ◽

Ibrahim Ssekalo ◽

Rauben Kazungu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mixed Methods ◽

Low Income ◽

First Responders ◽

Prehospital Emergency Care ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Economic Implications ◽

Taxi Drivers ◽

Financial Benefits ◽

Motorcycle Taxi

BackgroundThe WHO recommends training lay first responders (LFRs) as the first step towards establishing emergency medical services (EMS) in low-income and middle-income countries. Understanding social and financial benefits associated with responder involvement is essential for LFR programme continuity and may inform sustainable development.MethodsA mixed-methods follow-up study was conducted in July 2019 with 239 motorcycle taxi drivers, including 115 (75%) of 154 initial participants in a Ugandan LFR course from July 2016, to evaluate LFR training on participants. Semi-structured interviews and surveys were administered to samples of initial participants to assess social and economic implications of training, and non-trained motorcycle taxi drivers to gauge interest in LFR training. Themes were determined on a per-question basis and coded by extracting keywords from each response until thematic saturation was achieved.ResultsThree years post-course, initial participants reported new knowledge and skills, the ability to help others, and confidence gain as the main benefits motivating continued programme involvement. Participant outlook was unanimously positive and 96.5% (111/115) of initial participants surveyed used skills since training. Many reported sensing an identity change, now identifying as first responders in addition to motorcycle taxi drivers. Drivers reported they believe this led to greater respect from the Ugandan public and a prevailing belief that they are responsible transportation providers, increasing subsequent customer acquisition. Motorcycle taxi drivers who participated in the course reported a median weekly income value that is 24.39% higher than non-trained motorcycle taxi counterparts (p<0.0001).ConclusionsA simultaneous delivery of sustained social and perceived financial benefits to LFRs are likely to motivate continued voluntary participation. These benefits appear to be a potential mechanism that may be leveraged to contribute to the sustainability of future LFR programmes to deliver basic prehospital emergency care in resource-limited settings.

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Ripple Effects of the Communities Preventing Childhood Obesity Project

Health Promotion Practice ◽

10.1177/1524839918788581 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 308-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Abby L. Gold ◽

Keith Bennett ◽

Rick J. Jansen ◽

Amy R. Mobley ◽

Sandra B. Procter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Low Income ◽

Weight Status ◽

Ecological Model ◽

Social Ecological Model ◽

Ripple Effect ◽

Community Assets ◽

Community Capitals ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Quasi Experimental

This research examines the practice of community coaching within coalitions in the Communities Preventing Childhood Obesity project. A quasi-experimental design was used in seven Midwestern states. Each state selected two rural, low-income communities with functioning health coalitions. Coalitions were randomly assigned to be intervention or comparison communities. After 4 years of the coaching intervention, ripple effect mapping served as one method for examining the coalitions’ work that may affect children’s weight status. A research team from each state conducted ripple effect mapping with their two coalitions, resulting in 14 ripple maps. Community capitals framework and the social–ecological model were used for coding the items identified within the ripple maps. A quantitative scoring analysis determined if differences existed between the intervention and comparison coalitions in terms of the activities, programs, funding, and partnerships for social–ecological model score (e.g., individual, community, policy levels), community capitals score, and ripples score (e.g., number of branches formed within the maps). All scores were higher in intervention communities; however, the differences were not statistically significant ( p > .05). Assessing community assets, such as availability of a community coach, is necessary in order to decide whether to deploy certain resources when designing health promotion strategies.

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