Effects of food quality on growth and biochemical composition of a calanoid copepod, Argyrodiaptomus furcatus, and its importance as a natural food source for larvae of two tropical fishes

Colour is one of the most important visual attributes of food and is directly related to the perception of food quality. The interest in natural colourants, especially β-carotene that not only imparts colour but also has well-documented health benefits, has triggered the research and development of different protocols designed to entrap these hydrophobic natural molecules to improve their stability against oxidation. Here, we report a versatile microfluidic approach that uses single emulsion droplets as templates to prepare microparticles loaded with natural colourants. The solution of β-carotene and shellac in the solvent is emulsified by microfluidics into droplets. Upon solvent diffusion, β-carotene and shellac co-precipitates, forming solid microparticles of β-carotene dispersed in the shellac polymer matrix. We substantially improve the stability of β-carotene that is protected from oxidation by the polymer matrix and achieve different colour appearances by loading particles with different β-carotene concentrations. These particles demonstrate great promise for practical use in natural food colouring.

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Biochemical composition of the promising live feed tropical calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus annandalei (Sewell 1919) cultured in Taiwanese outdoor aquaculture ponds

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.01.034 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 441 ◽

pp. 25-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Thomas Allan Rayner ◽

Niels O.G. Jørgensen ◽

Elisa Blanda ◽

Cheng-Han Wu ◽

Cheng-Chein Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Composition ◽

Calanoid Copepod ◽

Live Feed ◽

Aquaculture Ponds

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Death in the Distance: Mortality Risk as Information for Foraging Ants

Behaviour ◽

10.1163/156853990x00662 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 112 (1-2) ◽

pp. 23-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Peter Nonacs

Keyword(s):

Food Quality ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Food Source ◽

Critical Factor ◽

High Rate ◽

Food Patch ◽

Lasius Pallitarsis ◽

Access To Food ◽

The Way

AbstractAnt foragers are known to communicate food presence in distant patches, but do they also communicate information about distant mortality risk? Recruitment to a food source in a laboratory Lasius pallitarsis colony depended upon whether the initial returning foragers had encountered mortality risk (a larger Formica subnuda) and the quality of the food they found. When food quality was high, risk appeared to not affect recruitment; when quality was low, risk inhibited foraging. In a second experiment, L. pallitarsis colonies had access to food of several qualities through a divided trail, which forced foragers to take different routes to and from the food patch. Danger was either entirely absent, present only on the way to the patch, present only on the way from the patch, or along both routes. When food quality was poor colonies recruited to food when risk was absent, but risk anywhere significantly reduced the level of foraging. This included the situation where only returning foragers could encounter danger, which strongly suggests that their behaviour was a critical factor in whether nestmates would continue foraging. When food quality was moderate, only treatments with risk on the way to the food significantly inhibited foraging. When food quality was good, colonies continued to forage at a high rate, irrespective of presence or location or risk. In total, L. pallitarsis foragers appear to communicate and use information about both food and mortality risk in deciding whether to exploit patches.

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The potency of plankton as natural food for hard-lipped barb larvae (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.)

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.10.81-88 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 81 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Niken Tunjung Murti Pratiwi ◽

. Winarlin ◽

Yuki Hana Eka Frandy ◽

Aliati Iswantari

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Key Words ◽

Food Source ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Early Period ◽

Aquatic Organism ◽

Inorganic Fertilizer ◽

Natural Food ◽

Good Growth ◽

Nutrient Source

Plankton is aquatic organism that can be utilized as natural food. Hard-lipped barb is one of herbivorous fish that most of its life using plankton as its food source. Growing phytoplankton in pond can be conducted by providing nutrient source, such as fertilizing. In this study, we examined the growth of hard-lipped barb larvae related to the existence of natural food in different fertilized ponds. Four types of fertilizer were applied i.e. 100% organic fertilizer (PO), mixing of 85% organic and 15% inorganic fertilizer (PCa), mixing of 60% organic and 40% inorganic fertilizer, and 100% inorganic fertilizer (PA). Hard-lipped barb larvae were put into ponds after fertilizing process. Plankton was observed in ponds and larval intestines (Index of Preponderance and Ivlev Index). The growth of hard-lipped barb larvae was also observed. The result showed that larvae tend to utilize phytoplankton from the class of Bacillariophyceae and zooplankton in the early of its life. Utilizing plankton with those compositions as natural food in the early period generates a good growth performance. The best performance of growth was shown by larvae in PA treatment which utilized most on zooplankton in the early period. Key words: fertilizer, natural food, hard-lipped barb, plankton ABSTRAK Plankton merupakan organisme akuatik yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber pakan alami. Ikan nilem merupakan salah satu jenis ikan herbivora yang hampir sepanjang hidupnya memanfaatkan plankton sebagai sumber makanannya. Cara untuk menumbuhkan fitoplankton di kolam adalah dengan menyediakan sumber nutrien, di antaranya melalui pemupukan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari tingkat pertumbuhan larva ikan nilem berkaitan dengan keberadaan pakan alami yang ditumbuhkan pada media dengan jenis pupuk berbeda. Dalam penelitian ini diterapkan empat jenis pupuk berbeda, yaitu 100% pupuk organik (PO), campuran 85% pupuk organik dan 15% pupuk anorganik (PCa), campuran 60% pupuk organik dan 40% pupuk anorganik, dan 100% pupuk anorganik (PA). Larva ikan nilem ditebar di kolam setelah proses pemupukan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap keberadaan plankton di kolam dan di usus (Indeks Preponderance dan Ivlev). Di samping itu juga dilakukan pengamatan pertumbuhan larva. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa fitoplankton dari kelas Bacillariophyceae dan zooplankton banyak dimanfaatkan oleh larva di awal hidupnya. Pemanfaatan plankton dengan komposisi tersebut sebagai pakan alami di awal masa pemeliharaan menghasilkan pertumbuhan yang baik. Larva dengan pertumbuhan yang paling baik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan PA yang memanfaatkan zooplankton lebih besar di awal masa pemeliharaan. Kata kunci: ikan nilem, pakan alami, plankton, pupuk

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Food Quality and Safety Regulation Systems at a Glance

Research Anthology on Food Waste Reduction and Alternative Diets for Food and Nutrition Security ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-5354-1.ch001 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Dixit V. Bhalani ◽

Arvind Kumar Singh Chandel ◽

Poonam Singh Thakur

Keyword(s):

Food Quality ◽

Food Source ◽

Safety Management ◽

Food Products ◽

Quality And Safety ◽

Safety Regulation ◽

Management Issue ◽

Essential Parameter ◽

Food Quality And Safety

The quality and safety of all food products are the essential parameter for both ends manufactures and end consumers. This parameter of the food products we cannot overlook or liberalize in any situation. More than two-thirds of diseases are spread through the contaminated or spoiled food source. Looking at the importance of quality and safety management issue, the various governments made a series of rules and regulations for the assessment of food products. This chapter explains the role of various assessment agencies and their rights and workflows.

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Food Quality Constraints in Daphnia: Interspecific Differences in the Response to the Absence of a Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid in the Food Source

Hydrobiologia ◽

10.1023/b:hydr.0000041604.01529.00 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 526 (1) ◽

pp. 187-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Eric von Elert

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Food Quality ◽

Food Source ◽

Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Interspecific Differences ◽

Long Chain

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Behaviour of two species of psittacine birds at wild bird feeding sites in Australia

10.1101/2020.10.27.356865 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michelle R. Plant ◽

Dianne Vankan ◽

Gregory Baxter ◽

Evelyn Hall ◽

David Phalen

Keyword(s):

Wild Bird ◽

Food Source ◽

Food Sources ◽

Energy Requirements ◽

Individual Species ◽

Natural Food ◽

Foraging Effort ◽

Feeding Sites ◽

Daily Energy ◽

Observation Period

AbstractThis study investigated how Crimson Rosellas Platycercus elegans (CR) and Australian King-Parrots Alisterus scapularis (AKP) used provisioned seed at two public bird feeding sites in Australia. A total of 197 CR and 72 AKP were trapped and colour-banded. Observational data was collected every 10mins between 08:00-16:00 for three consecutive days during autumn and spring. Foraging effort was described using five metrics that quantified the birds’ visiting frequency and foraging duration over each day and observation period. Seed selection (over 5mins) and intake (over 10mins) were determined, and the energy intake was calculated. Total counts and population estimates were calculated for each species. Individual, species, seasonal and geographic variation in the use of provisioned seed was demonstrated by the metric summaries and Restricted Maximum Likelihood Modelling. Both species fed as part of large mixed species flocks that would not naturally congregate together to forage. Overall, CR were found to have higher foraging effort and feed in greater numbers than AKP, but a spectrum of use was observed for both species. Individuals were observed using the provisioned seed between 0-3 days/observation period. When birds used the provisioned seed, they were found to make between 1-8 visits/day, with most lasting 10-30mins. Few daily durations lasted longer than 50mins. Within a 10-minute interval, it was possible for a CR and AKP to obtain between 1.73-62.91% and 6.84-88.54% of their daily energy requirements, respectively. In a visit, either species could fill their crop and meet most, if not all, of their daily energy requirements. A small percentage of birds (6.5%) were found to use the feeding sites daily and for long durations (up to 160mins). It is likely that a proportion of the birds using the provisioned seed at both sites were dependent on the food source and would be at risk if the seed supply were suddenly reduced. The study also provided evidence that wild bird feeding provided an advantage to one or more species, as well as evidence that the food source did not affect the study species’ seasonal dispersal patterns or juveniles’ ability to forage on natural food sources.

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KARAKTERISTIK MINUMAN ISOTONIK BERBAHAN BAKU AIR KELAPA DAN MADU PADA PENYIMPANAN DINGIN

Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian ◽

10.19184/bip.v2i1.15773 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Nur Izzah Az-zahra ◽

Giyarto Giyarto ◽

Maryanto Maryanto

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Food Source ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

Ash Content ◽

Coconut Water ◽

Natural Food ◽

The Stability

The coconut water has been declared a natural isotonic drink because it a fairly complete minerals. However, coconut water is easily damaged and polluted by the activity of microorganisms, so effort to improve the stability of coconut water is needed. Honey is a natural food source that has a function as a taste, contains rich minerals, and as an antimicrobials is expected to inhibit the growth of microorganisms as a solution in extending the shelf life of coconut water. With this ability, honey can be added (fortified) to the isotonic drink of coconut water. This research aims to measure the quality characteristics of isotonic drinks made from coconut water with variations of honey concentration during cold storage. The stages of this research was carried out with the preparation of the ingredients, the preparation of isotonic beverages according to the treatment, and the testing of quality characteristics during cold storage. Isotonic drinking stage made of coconut water and honey (100 ml Hydro coco as control (P0); 95 mL coconut water: 5 mL of honey (P1); 92.5 mL coconut water: 7 mL honey (P2), 90 mL coconut water: 10 mL honey (P3), 87.5 mL coconut water: 12.5 mL honey (P4), and 85 mL coconut water: 15 mL of honey (P5)). Measurement of quality characteristics (content of Na, K, ash, and degree of acidity) isotonic drinks of honey coconut water every 10 days once a month periodically. The results data are presented in tables and graphs, and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the value of Na and K content in each sample was between 85.79-102.44 ppm and 1860.1-2020,8 ppm, the value of ash content in the lowest sample was 1.9681% and the highest was 4.7448 %, and the lowest degree of acidity (pH) was 3.4 and the highest was 5.7.Keywords: isotonic drinks, coconut water, honey Air kelapa telah dinyatakan sebagai minuman isotonik alami karena mengandung mineral yang cukup lengkap. Namun, air kelapa mudah rusak dan mudah tercemar oleh aktivitas mikroorganisme, sehingga upaya untuk meningkatkan stabilitas air kelapa sangat dibutuhkan. Madu merupakan sumber makanan alami yang memiliki fungsi sebagai rasa, mengandung mineral yang kaya, dan antimikroba diharapkan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan mikroorganisme sebagai solusi dalam memperpanjang stabilitas air kelapa. Dengan kemampuan ini, madu dapat ditambahkan (fortifikasi) ke minuman isotonik air kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kualitas karakteristik minuman isotonik yang dibuat dari air kelapa dengan variasi konsentrasi madu selama penyimpanan dingin. Tahapan penelitian ini dilakukan dengan persiapan bahan, pembuatan minuman isotonik sesuai perlakuan, dan pengujian karakteristik kualitas selama penyimpanan dingin. Tahapan pembuatan minuman isotonik yang terbuat dari air kelapa dan madu (100 ml Hydro coco sebagai kontrol (P0); 95 mL air kelapa: 5 mL madu (P1); 92,5 mL air kelapa: 7 mL madu (P2 ), 90 mL air kelapa: 10 mL madu (P3), 87,5 mL air kelapa: 12,5 mL madu (P4), dan 85 mL air kelapa: 15 mL madu (P5)). Pengujian karakteristik kualitas (kandungan Na, K, abu, dan derajat keasaman) minuman isotonik madu air kelapa setiap 10 hari sekali selama sebulan secara berkala. Data hasil disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik, dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kadar Na dan K pada masing-masing sampel adalah antara 85,79-102,44 ppm dan 1860,1-2020,8 ppm, nilai kadar abu pada sampel terendah adalah 1,9681% dan tertinggi 4,7448%, dan nilai derajat keasaman (pH) terendah adalah 3,4 dan tertinggi 5,7. Kata Kunci : Minuman isotonic, Air Kelapa, Madu

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