scholarly journals The potency of plankton as natural food for hard-lipped barb larvae (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Tunjung Murti Pratiwi ◽  
. Winarlin ◽  
Yuki Hana Eka Frandy ◽  
Aliati Iswantari
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Aquatic Organism ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Nutrient Source

<p>Plankton is aquatic organism that can be utilized as natural food. Hard-lipped barb is one of herbivorous fish that most of its life using plankton as its food source. Growing phytoplankton in pond can be conducted by providing nutrient source, such as fertilizing.  In this study, we examined the growth of hard-lipped barb larvae related to the existence of natural food in different fertilized ponds.  Four types of fertilizer were applied i.e. 100% organic fertilizer (PO), mixing of 85% organic and 15% inorganic fertilizer (PCa), mixing of 60% organic and 40% inorganic fertilizer, and 100% inorganic fertilizer (PA). Hard-lipped barb larvae were put into ponds after fertilizing process. Plankton was observed in ponds and larval intestines (Index of Preponderance and Ivlev Index). The growth of hard-lipped barb larvae was also observed. The result showed that larvae tend to utilize phytoplankton from the class of Bacillariophyceae and zooplankton in the early of its life. Utilizing plankton with those compositions as natural food in the early period generates a good growth performance.  The best performance of growth was shown by larvae in PA treatment which utilized most on zooplankton in the early period.</p> <p>Key words: fertilizer, natural food,<em> </em>hard-lipped barb<em>, </em>plankton</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Plankton merupakan organisme akuatik yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber pakan alami. Ikan nilem merupakan salah satu jenis ikan herbivora yang hampir sepanjang hidupnya memanfaatkan plankton sebagai sumber makanannya. Cara untuk menumbuhkan fitoplankton di kolam adalah dengan menyediakan sumber nutrien, di antaranya melalui pemupukan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari tingkat pertumbuhan larva ikan nilem berkaitan dengan keberadaan pakan alami yang ditumbuhkan pada media dengan jenis pupuk berbeda. Dalam penelitian ini diterapkan empat jenis pupuk berbeda, yaitu 100% pupuk organik (PO), campuran 85% pupuk organik dan 15% pupuk anorganik (PCa), campuran 60% pupuk organik dan 40% pupuk anorganik, dan 100% pupuk anorganik (PA).  Larva ikan nilem ditebar di kolam setelah proses pemupukan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap keberadaan plankton di kolam dan di usus (Indeks <em>Preponderance</em> dan Ivlev).  Di samping itu juga dilakukan pengamatan pertumbuhan larva.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa fitoplankton dari kelas Bacillariophyceae dan zooplankton banyak dimanfaatkan oleh larva di awal hidupnya.  Pemanfaatan plankton dengan komposisi tersebut sebagai pakan alami di awal masa pemeliharaan menghasilkan pertumbuhan yang baik.  Larva dengan pertumbuhan yang paling baik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan PA yang memanfaatkan zooplankton lebih besar di awal masa pemeliharaan.</p> <p>Kata kunci: ikan nilem, pakan alami, plankton, pupuk</p>

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH JAGUNG MENJADI PUPUK ORGANIK UNTUK PENYUBURAN LAHAN PERTANIAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daru Mulyono
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Soil Microorganism ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Chemical Soil ◽  
Stem Leaf

The use of maize waste plant materials (stem, leaf, and husk cover) have high economic value to be processed become organic fertilizer for agricultural land fertilizer. Maize have several and quite high contents of macro and micro nutrients. This activity was hoped that the farmers can overcome the increasing price of inorganic fertilizer recently and furthermore farmers can reap higher income. Beside higher income the use of organic fertilizer can improve the nature and behaviourof land through improving of soil chemical, soil physical, and soil microorganism. Therefore, the appropriate technology for processing of maize become organic fertilizer is very important to be diffused or socialized to farmers.Keywords: fertilizer, maize waste

scholarly journals Dietary purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) promotes the growth performance of broilers by modulation of gut microbiota

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Wang ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Fengchun Ye ◽  
Hongbo Tang ◽  
Yanpeng Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dietary Treatments

AbstractPurslane is a widespread wild vegetable with both medicinal and edible properties. It is highly appreciated for its high nutritional value and is also considered as a high-quality feed resource for livestock and poultry. In this study, Sanhuang broilers were used to investigate the effect of feeding purslane diets on the growth performance in broilers and their gut microbiota. A total of 48 birds with good growth and uniform weight were selected and randomly allocated to four treatment groups A (control), B, C and D. Dietary treatments were fed with basal diet without purslane and diets containing 1%, 2% and 3% purslane. The 16S rDNA was amplified by PCR and sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq platform to analyze the composition and diversity of gut microbiota in the four sets of samples. The results showed that dietary inclusion of 2% and 3% purslane could significantly improve the growth performance and reduce the feed conversion ratio. Microbial diversity analysis indicated that the composition of gut microbiota of Sanhuang broilers mainly included Gallibacterium, Bacteroides and Escherichia-Shigella, etc. As the content of purslane was increased, the abundance of Lactobacillus increased significantly, and Escherichia-Shigella decreased. LEfSe analysis revealed that Bacteroides_caecigallinarum, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillales and Firmicutes had significant differences compared with the control group. PICRUSt analysis revealed bacteria mainly enriched in carbohydrate metabolism pathway due to the additon of purslane in the diet. These results suggest that the addition of purslane to feed could increase the abundance of Lactobacillus in intestine, modulate the environment of gut microbiota and promote the metabolism of carbohydrates to improve its growth performance. This study indicates that the effect of purslane on the growth-promoting performance of broilers might depend on its modulation on gut microbiota, so as to provide a certain scientific basis for the application of purslane in the feed industry.

Tilapia farming based on periphyton as a natural food source

Aquaculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 737544
Author(s):  
Luiz H. David ◽  
Sara M. Pinho ◽  
Daiane M. Romera ◽  
Denis W.J. Campos ◽  
Ariel C. Franchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Source ◽  
Natural Food

scholarly journals PENGARUH PUPUK ZA DAN KOMPOS TERHADAP KANDUNGAN Pb, Zn, Cu DAN N TANAH SERTA HASIL TANAMAN PADA SISTEM BUDIDAYA BAWANG MERAH DI TEPI DANAU BATUR, KINTAMANI, BANGLI

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Shinta Lestari Santosa ◽  
I Nyoman Rai ◽  
Wayan Diara
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Soil Zn ◽  
Vegetable Cultivation

Vegetable cultivation is livelihoods for side Lake Batur communities, Kintamani, Bangli. Hilly natural conditions with a soil texture influenced by the eruption of Mount Batur, 900 m above sea level, and 900-3500 mm high rainfall, causing this region is very suitable for the cultivation of various vegetables, including shallot. One effort to meet the high demand for shallots is that efforts are made to improve cultivation techniques, including fertilizing to improve yields. In modern agriculture, the use of fertilizer is absolutely essential to trigger the level of crop production. The aims is to analyze the combination effect of using of inorganic fertilizer (ZA fertilizer) and organic fertilizer (compost fertilizer) on shallot vegetable cultivation systems on the content of pollutants, N nutrients and onion crop yields on the shores of Lake Batur, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency. The study using RBD with two factors where factor I: provision of organic fertilizer is leaf compost made aerobically (O), consisted of 3 levels, namely: O0 = 0*, O1 = 5* and O2 = 10*and factor II: the application of inorganic fertilizer namely ZA (S) fertilizer, consisted of 3 levels, namely: S0 = 0**, S1 = 50** and S2  = 100**, each repeated 3 times. The parameters observed were the growth and yield of shallots as well as the content of Pb, Zn, Cu and N nutrients in the soil. The nutrient content (N) in the soil, when using chemical fertilizer ZA and compost organic is not significantly different, as well as the results of onion plants, while the content of Pb, Zn and Cu on the use of chemical fertilizer ZA and organic compost, very real different. The highest soil Pb content in S2O1 treatment is 30.07***, the highest soil Zn content in the S2O1 treatment was 28.24***, and the highest soil Cu content in the S1O2 treatment is 17.22***. *= tons/ha **= kg/ha ***= mg/kg Keywords: compost; contents Pb; Zn; Cu of soil; shallot; ZA.

scholarly journals Peran Pupuk Organik dalam Peningkatan Efisiensi Pupuk Anorganik pada Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Totong Siwanto ◽  
Sugiyanta , ◽  
Maya Melati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

ABSTRACT<br />Application of organic fertilizer into the soil is designated as a source of macro, micro nutrients and organic acids; it also acts as soil ameliorant that improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Application of high rates organic fertilizer has a constraint namely the availability and ease of application. Therefore, it is necessary to learn the use of organic fertilizer with low rates to improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers. This research was aimed to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of paddy rice, as well as the efficiency of N, P, K inorganic fertilizer. Field experiment was conducted at Sawah Baru Research Station, University Farm IPB, Bogor, West Java from September to December 2013. The experiment used Randomized Block Design consisted of two factors: rates of organic fertilizer (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1), and rates of inorganic fertilizer (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1). The results suggested that the application of 1,000 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 did not show significant interaction. Application of organic fertilizer alone up to 1,000 kg ha-1 resulted in low growth and yield. Increasing rates of  application up to 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 increased the growth and yield of paddy rice. The highest N efficiency was 89.19% at a rate of 500 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 200 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1, whereas the highest efficiency of P and K, respectively were 69.55% and 92.52% at a rate of 750 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 300 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1.<br />Keywords: NPK, organic fertilizer, paddy rice

scholarly journals Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. Perr.) dengan Aplikasi Pupuk Organik-Anorganik dan Triakontanol

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-332
Author(s):  
Syahdin Launuru ◽  
Ade Wachjar ◽  
Dan Ani Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

Application of right dosage of fertilizer and concentration of plant growth regulator are supporting factor of clove growth. This study was aimed to obtain the best combination of organic-inorganic fertilizer, the best triacontanol concentration and both interactions for increasing clove growth. This study used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was the organic-inorganic fertilizer dosage package that consisted of 6 levels, i.e no fertilizer, 100% recommended dosage of inorganic fertilizer (r.d.i.f), 25% recommended dosage of organic fertilizer (r.d.o.f) + 75% r.d.i.f, 50% r.d.o.f + 50% r.d.i.f, 75% r.d.o.f + 25% r.d.i.f, 100% r.d.o.f. The second factor was the concentration of triacontanol that consisted of 3 levels, i.e no triacontanol, 2 mg L-1 and 4 mg L-1. The results showed that the application of 25% r.d.o.f + 75% r.d.i.f produced the best clove growth, but it was not significantly different from the combination treatment of the two other types of fertilizer as indicated by the greatest improvement on stem diameter, branches number, leaf area, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids. Clove plants did not respond to the application of triacontanol at a concentration of 2 mg L-1, but gave a negative response to the application of triacontanol 4 mg L-1 on the plant height and leaf area variables. The interaction of the two factors did not have significant effects on all variables. Keywords: chlorophyll, morphology, nutrient dynamics, physiology, vegetative growth  

scholarly journals Peningkatan Kapasitas Petani Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Bokashi di Daerah Perbatasan Darat Kalimantan Barat

DEDIKASI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Sirajuddin ◽  
Kartika Ekasari ◽  
Racmat Racmat ◽  
Aminuddin Saade
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
The People ◽  
The Village

This activity was motivated by the fact that the people in Mentibar Village, Paloh Sub-district of SambasRegency are farmers who had only relied on their farming activities using of inorganic fertilizer especially Ureafertilizer from Malaysia, which the price is not cheap and sometimes the unavailable. The farmers in Mentibarvillage are new to Bokashi organic fertilizer, which its main ingredients are widely available in the village such aslivestock, fine bran, straw, etc. In this study, we conducted training and counselling to improve farmers' knowledgeand skills in making organic fertilizer. Bokashi as an alternative fertilizer can be used by farmers in their ricecultivation and at the same time to less reliant to inorganic fertilizer. The purpose of this Community Serviceactivities are: First, to increase the knowledge and skills of farmers in making Bokashi organic fertilizer. Second, toprovide an understanding that relying on inorganic fertilizer can damage the soil and produce pollution. Third,farmers will be able to utilize the materials around them to be used as Bokashi fertilizers such as livestock, bran,husks and rice straw.

scholarly journals Assessment of Sal Seedlings and Herbaceous Flora in the Khairbar Plantation of Sarguja Forest Division, Chhattisgarh

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Sinha ◽  
M Jhariya ◽  
D Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Forest Division ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Herb Species

In the present study an attempt has been made to evaluate the growth performance of sal seedlings and also assess the diversity of herbaceous flora in the Khairbar plantation of Sarguja forest division during the year 2013-14. Study reveals that there are prominent variations in the height of the seedlings in Khairbar plantation. The root shoot ratio of seedlings ranged between 0.31 to 0.74. The total height of seedlings ranged from 24.00 to 90.00 cm. The girth of individual seedling ranged between 4.00 and 12.00 cm. The number of branches per seedling ranged between 4.00-17.00. The average collar diameter of sal seedling was 1.96 cm and the sturdiness ranged from 15.09-42.86. Total of 27 herbaceous species comprising 15 families were encountered in the study area. The total density of the herb species was 776000 individuals ha-1 and the maximum density was recorded for Mellilotus alba (64000 individuals ha-1), while minimum for Achyranthus aspera, Malvastrum coromandelicum and Rumex dentatus (12000 individuals ha-1 for each). The Shannon index (H’) of herbaceous species was 4.606, Simpson index (Cd) was 0.045, Species richness (d) was 1.917 and Equitability (e) was 1.397, respectively. It was observed that the growth performance of sal seedling in the Khairbar plantation site is quiet slow as compared to the other tropical species. It may also be due to the higher population of the herbaceous species. The herbaceous species compete with the sal species for the sharing of the resources for the growth and development. Micro climate and management aspects are the major concern for the good growth performance of the species in plantation sites.

Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Growth Performance and Postharvest Quality of Pak Choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Nur Suhaida Mohamad ◽  
Faizah Abu Kassim ◽  
Norhanizan Usaizan ◽  
Azimah Hamidon ◽  
Zahir Shah Safari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Postharvest Quality

Long-term use of inorganic fertilizers on leafy vegetables can increase soil acidity, harmful to the environment and leaving bad effects on human health. Organic fertilizer application is one of the safer alternatives with many beneficial effects by supplying nutrients for plant growth, environmental-friendly and producing an optimum quality of vegetables. Different organic amendment such as vermicompost, biochar and microbial compost has different effect on plant growth performance since good bacteria could improve structure of the soil and nutrient absorption. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of organic fertilizer on the growth performance and postharvest quality. The experimental design during planting was conducted in randomized completely block design with a factorial arrangement of treatmentswhile for postharvest quality study was conducted in completely randomized design. Organic fertilizer of vermicompost (110 g/plant), biochar (100 g/plant), microbial compost (80 g/plant) and chicken manure (37.5 g/plant) were treated on Pak choy two times on day 10 and day 24 after transplant. This research revealed the plant growth including plant height, leaf number and leaf length of Pak choy in all treatments were increased as growing stage increased. However, at the end of growing stage, microbial compost and vermicompost resulted in the highest of growth characteristics. In terms of postharvest quality, microbial compost showed the highest fresh weight and premium quality. This study proved that microbial compost at 80 g/plant exhibited optimum growth performance and the best postharvest quality of Pak choy.

Digestive physiological characteristics of black soldier fly larvae reared on five organic wastes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Q.X. Sun ◽  
X.C. Li ◽  
X.H. Tan ◽  
Y.W. Dong ◽  
C.H. You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽  
Luminal Ph

Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are able to utilise a broad range of organic wastes to fulfil their growth needs. To acquire this basic knowledge of its digestive adaptation to various food, five organic wastes (soybean meal [SBM], wheat bran [WB], beer yeast [BY], kitchen waste [KW] and chicken manure [CM]) were fed to 3-day-old BSFL for 16 days. The growth performance, luminal pH of the gut, midgut histology, digestive enzyme activity and intestinal bacterial microbiota of the larvae were assessed. Growth performance was greatest in the KW group followed by the SBM group and was worst in the CM group. Nutrient compositions of larvae were not significantly affected by those of the food sources, with the exception of crude ash. The ultrastructural observations of midgut showed the number of mitochondria in CM and BY groups was less than other three groups. Twenty-four hours after feeding, weakly acidic, acidic, strongly acidic, and alkaline luminal pH values were detected in the anterior, middle and posterior segments of the gut in all groups, but the luminal pH values of the hindgut varied with food source. Significant lipase and esterase activity, cellulase activity, and amylase activity were detected in the intestines of larvae reared on KW, WB and BY, respectively, revealing that digestive enzyme activity was closely associated with the nutrient composition of the food source. Bacterial composition and diversity differed significantly between groups and were characterised by specific indicator bacteria, which may play important roles in food digestibility. The results suggested that different food sources induced adaptive physical, chemical and biological changes in the digestive tracts of BSFL and may indicate that BSFL developed specific strategies for nutrient utilisation and accumulation. The knowledge acquired here will be beneficial for developing rearing protocols to optimise bioconversion in this insect for their various applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document