Variability in soybean germ plasm for phosphorus uptake and use efficiency for dry matter yield

2001 ◽  
pp. 74-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. C. Furlani ◽  
P. R. Furlani ◽  
R. T. Tanaka ◽  
H. A. A. Mascarenhas ◽  
M. D. P. Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency

Modelling inter-annual variation in dry matter yield and precipitation use efficiency of perennial pastures and annual forage crops sequences

2018 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Jesus Ojeda ◽  
Octavio Pedro Caviglia ◽  
Jorge Gonzalo Nicolás Irisarri ◽  
Mónica Graciela Agnusdei
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Precipitation Use Efficiency

Discrimination in Carbon Isotopes of Leaves Correlates With Water-Use Efficiency of Field-Grown Peanut Cultivars

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Wright ◽  
KT Hubick ◽  
GD Farquhar
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Relationship

Variation in water-use efficiency (W, g of total dry matter produced/kg water used), and its correlation with cultivar isotope discrimination in leaves (Δ) was assessed in peanut plants grown in small canopies in the field. Plants were grown in separate minilysimeters that were both embedded in the ground and positioned above the crop. Differences among cultivars were found in W and � and the relationship between W and Δ was compared for plants grown in open and closed canopies. Genetic variability in W in plants grown in the field under non-limiting water conditions was demonstrated, with Tifton-8, of Virginia habit, having the highest W (3.71 g/kg) and Rangkasbitung, an Indonesian cultivar of Spanish habit, the lowest (2.46 g/ kg). Variability in W was due to variation in total dry matter production more than that of water use. A strong negative correlation was found between Δ and W, and also between Δ and total dry matter. The relationship between whole plant W, including roots, and Δ was stronger than that between shoot W, without roots and Δ. The improvement occurred because of variation among cultivars in the root to shoot ratio. This highlights the importance of taking account of root dry matter in studies concerning W. There were significant differences in W and Δ between plants in pots above-ground compared to pots in the ground, with above-ground plants having significantly lower values of both W and Δ. The ranking of W and Δ among cultivars was not affected by the contrast in environment, which suggests these parameters are under strong genetic control. Total above-ground dry matter yield at maturity was negatively correlated with Δ, while pod yield was not. It appears a negative association between harvest index and Δ may exist; however not all cultivars used in this and other studies follow this response. Both water-use efficiency, Wand total dry matter production are negatively correlated with Δ in leaves of peanut plants grown in small canopies in the field. Measurement of Δ may prove a useful trait for selecting cultivars with improved W and total dry matter yield under field conditions.

Effect of rice straw biochar and irrigation on growth, dry matter yield and radiation‐use efficiency of maize grown on an Acrisol in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Oppong Danso ◽  
Adam Yakubu ◽  
Emmanuel Arthur ◽  
Edward B. Sabi ◽  
Stephen Abenney‐Mickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Rice Straw Biochar ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

Nitrogen Utilization of Selected Cropping Systems in the U.S. Northeast: I. Dry Matter Yield, N Uptake, Apparent N Recovery, and N Use Efficiency

1995 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Guillard ◽  
Gary F. Griffin ◽  
Derek W. Allinson ◽  
M. Moosa Rafey ◽  
William R. Yamartino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Apparent N Recovery ◽  
N Use ◽  
The U.S

The effect of method of application and presence of sulphate on phosphate fixation from three phosphate fertilizers applied to a krasnozem soil

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (105) ◽  
pp. 486 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Aitken ◽  
JD Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Diammonium Phosphate ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizers ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Monocalcium Phosphate ◽  
Diffusion Rates ◽  
Phosphate Fixation ◽  
P Fertilizers

Fixation of phosphate from monocalcium, monoammonium and diammonium phosphate in a krasnozem soil was investigated in two glasshouse trials. The extent of fixation was assessed from the dry matter yield and phosphorus uptake of tomato plants. Less phosphate was fixed from monocalcium phosphate than from the ammonium phosphates, which was attributed to the higher diffusion rates of the latter and to the precipitation of dicalcium phosphate at the site of monocalcium phosphate placement. Banding of sub-optimal quantities of phosphorus increased yields, although the results suggest that banding only temporarily reduces fixation of the ammonium phosphates. Sulphate significantly increased the uptake of phosphorus when added with each of the three P fertilizers. The effect was greater when the fertilizer was banded than when mixed with the soil.

scholarly journals Challenges for Simulating Growth and Phenology of Silage Maize in a Nordic Climate with APSIM

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Julien Morel ◽  
David Parsons ◽  
Magnus A. Halling ◽  
Uttam Kumar ◽  
Allan Peake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Crop Phenology ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

APSIM Next Generation was used to simulate the phenological development and biomass production of silage maize for high latitudes (i.e., >55°). Weather and soil data were carefully specified, as they are important drivers of the development and growth of the crop. Phenology related parameters were calibrated using a factorial experiment of simulations and the minimization of the root mean square error of observed and predicted phenological scaling. Results showed that the model performed well in simulating the phenology of the maize, but largely underestimated the production of biomass. Several factors could explain the discrepancy between observations and predictions of above-ground dry matter yield, such as the current formalization of APSIM for simulating the amount of radiation absorbed by the crop at high latitudes, as the amount of diffuse light and intercepted light increases with latitude. Another factor that can affect the accuracy of the predicted biomass is the increased duration of the day length observed at high latitudes. Indeed, APSIM does not yet formalize the effects of extreme day length on the balance between photorespiration and photosynthesis on the final balance of biomass production. More field measurements are required to better understand the drivers of the underestimation of biomass production, with a particular focus on the light interception efficiency and the radiation use efficiency.

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