The Impact of Female Life-cycle Time-allocation Decisions on Income Distribution Among Families

Author(s):  
Evelyn Lehrer ◽  
Marc Nerlove
Author(s):  
Pierre-Richard Agénor

This chapter focuses on two aspects of the debate on the role of women in growth and development: the impact of lack of access to infrastructure on women's time allocation and the role of inter- and intragenerational health externalities—namely, how mothers' time allocation decisions affect their children's health, and how health in childhood affects health in adulthood. To do so, a gender dimension is added to the analytical framework presented in the previous chapters. The chapter begins with a review of the recent evidence on women's time allocation, with a particular focus on the implications of poor access to infrastructure services, and on intergenerational health externalities. The model is then presented and its properties analyzed. The impact of public policy is considered next, and the implications of the analysis for the debate on the relationship between women's labor supply and the level of development are discussed. The concluding section considers various extensions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-148
Author(s):  
Adam A. Rapp ◽  
J. Andrew Petersen ◽  
Douglas E. Hughes ◽  
Jessica L. Ogilvie

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
A. S. Jamaludin ◽  
M. N. M. Razali ◽  
N. Jasman ◽  
A. N. A. Ghafar ◽  
M. A. Hadi

The gripper is the most important part in an industrial robot. It is related with the environment around the robot. Today, the industrial robot grippers have to be tuned and custom made for each application by engineers, by searching to get the desired repeatability and behaviour. Vacuum suction is one of the grippers in Watch Case Press Production (WCPP) and a mechanism to improve the efficiency of the manufacturing procedure. Pick and place are the important process for the annealing process. Thus, by implementing vacuum suction gripper, the process of pick and place can be improved. The purpose of vacuum gripper other than design vacuum suction mechanism is to compare the effectiveness of vacuum suction gripper with the conventional pick and place gripper. Vacuum suction gripper is a mechanism to transport part and which later sequencing, eliminating and reducing the activities required to complete the process. Throughout this study, the process pick and place became more effective, the impact on the production of annealing process is faster. The vacuum suction gripper can pick all part at the production which will lower the loss of the productivity. In conclusion, vacuum suction gripper reduces the cycle time about 20%. Vacuum suction gripper can help lower the cycle time of a machine and allow more frequent process in order to increase the production flexibility.


2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayne Brannman ◽  
Eric W. Christensen ◽  
Ronald H. Nickel ◽  
Cori Rattelman ◽  
Richard D. Miller

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Redmond ◽  
Karina Doorley ◽  
Seamus McGuinness

Abstract We use distribution regression analysis to study the impact of a 6% increase in the Irish minimum wage on the distribution of hourly wages and household income. Wage inequality, measured by the ratio of wages in the 90th and 10th percentiles and the 75th and 25th percentiles, decreased by approximately 8 and 4%, respectively. The results point towards wage spillover effects up to the 30th percentile of the wage distribution. We show that minimum wage workers are spread throughout the household income distribution and are often located in high-income households. Therefore, while we observe strong effects on the wage distribution, the impact of a minimum wage increase on the household income distribution is quite limited.


Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Flor-Montalvo ◽  
Agustín Sánchez-Toledo Ledesma ◽  
Eduardo Martínez Cámara ◽  
Emilio Jiménez-Macías ◽  
Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz ◽  
...  

Natural stoppers are a magnificent closure for the production of aging wines and unique wines, whose application is limited by the availability of raw materials and more specifically of cork sheets of different thickness and quality. The growing demand for quality wine bottle closures leads to the search for alternative stopper production. The two-piece stopper is an alternative since it uses non-usable plates in a conventional way for the production of quality caps. The present study has analyzed the impact of the manufacture of these two-piece stoppers using different methodologies and for different dimensions by developing an LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), concluding that the process phases of the plate, its boiling, and its stabilization, are the phases with the greatest impact. Likewise, it is detected that the impacts in all phases are relatively similar (for one kg of net cork produced), although the volumetric difference between these stoppers represents a significant difference in impacts for each unit produced.


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