Study on custom centrifugal pump performance in supplying food based high viscos liquid

Viscosity is one of the factors affecting the performance of the centrifugal pump. A centrifugal pump is a device that used driven motor called impeller to move fluid by rotational energy. This thesis is about the analysis of the performance of the centrifugal pump when transferring viscous liquids. For this project, the objective is to design and fabricate a device that can pump liquid with various viscosity using centrifugal pump. The liquids used in the experiment are comprised of a mixture of detergent and water with different ratio to alter the viscosity. The viscosity is being identified by the usage of Zahn Cup Method with the temperature kept constant at 26 °C throughout the experiment. The performance of the centrifugal pump is being investigated by four parameters which is the flowrate, Total Dynamic Head (TDH), power and efficiency. The performance of the centrifugal pump can be accessed by altering the pump shaft speed in order to get various reading for the flow rate. In order to alter the pump shaft speed, the usage of motor with Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is implemented. The values for the flowrate and pump shaft power are measured by flowmeter and Variable Frequency Drive (VFD). The Total Dynamic Head (TDH), hydraulic power and pump efficiency is calculated based on the reading of the flowmeter and pump shaft power displayed at Variable Frequency Drive (VFD). At the end of this project, the pump performance while pumping different viscous liquids at different flowrates is being identified.

Monitoring energy audit for energy savings using non cost technique at electronics company

Energy is essential element for economical growth in industry and it measures directly the standard of living for a country. The economical growth and energy demand in the modern society need to be reduced the energy consumption. In this paper, energy consumption was monitored and audited for an electronic company in Malaysia. The energy consumption was analysed based on electrical bill and then the power consumption has been verified based on energy audit process using power analyser for this electronic company. It is monitored that the energy audit for the whole company and point out the possiblity of non cost energy saving technique. From 10 locations analyses, 3 locations are main soursces contribite to high energy consumption. There are compressor room, busbar 15 and busbar 16 relates to chiller room that supply the air conditioning system in the company. The energy audit can provide the non cost suitable technique for energy savings and profit improvement in this electronic company.

Laser-assisted thermal imprinting of glass guided mode resonant (GMR) optical filter

Laser-assisted thermal imprinting of glass nanostructures is demonstrated. Compare to the existing thermal imprinting, this method significantly reduced the contact imprinting time. The quality of the replicated glass nanostructures revealed by field emission scanning electron microscope ( SEM) and atomic force microscope ( AFM) exhibited a very smooth surface finish that closely matched the profile of the silicon mold. As proof-of-concept, the utility of laser-assisted, imprinted glass nanostructures as guided-mode resonant (GMR ) optical filter was evaluated. The peak spectral values obtained were satisfactory; which yielded an average FWHM and PWV of 4.6 nm and 691.39 nm respectively.

Simulation modeling of a manufacturing process using Tecnomatix plant simulation software

Industries in our community are under constant pressure and have high demands of customer orders for their products and there is the need to maximize the output for the same input of resources. In the case of lagging orders, it is very difficult for companies to manage and optimize the process flow for simultaneously coming orders. Process simulation can be suitably applied for studying and analyzing the system which can provide a framework for predicting and optimizing the process based on mathematical models. This work presents how to implement simulation tools in the real production planning so that an increase in the number of throughput in the time frame is achieved. The procedure starts with input data collection, data fitting, simulation model building, model validation, identification of the number throughput, and developed improvement system.

Enhancing Palm Oil Inventory Control Support Analytic Tools

Product-Service System (PSS) inventory control in Malaysian palm oil industry is a blend of product or services that offer a good worth in regards to economics and also environment. This paper intends to establish a support analytic device for implementation in the palm oil industry. Many smallholder businesses do not have any kind of supply systematic record-keeping to keep the supply in a respectable operating. The existing technique of figuring out supply takes a yearly physical inventory by comparing the real inventory with document levels. This method is a pricey as well as lengthy effort. In this paper, an inventory control web-based application device was developed to meet customer demand and methodical record management is significant to have respectable tracking and also analysis as part of being effective. This tool will certainly help the firm to save the main stock data-based on collected information and also to monitor the motion of the stocks to ensure that whatever is controlled as well as in great order. This tracking process makes it much easier for firms to decide and also for forecasting for products and services in palm oil plantation.

Developing Palm Oil Inventory Control System Using Ms Excel Macro

The palm oil sector is just one of the popular sectors in Malaysia that offer one of the highest exports to Malaysia's economy. This study handles the research study of inventory control for Malaysian palm oil plantation. The existing inventory control cannot be running smoothly when the inventory are managed in different user interface systems which is by utilizing manual inventory control like Microsoft Excel and handwriting documents. Data collection was gathered with the targeted respondents, they are core members of the management team who have a great experience as well as understanding of their inventory system. In order to make PSS inventory control much easier as well as organized, an inventory application system is developed utilizing MS Excel Macro. The outcomes of this research study are a computerized supply control system that beneficial, crucial, and also much better substitute for a hand-operated administration system and quick handling.

Stability studies of hybrid TiO2 based nanofluids

This article studies the stability of hybrid TiO2 based nanofluid by varying the ultra-sonication time, weight fraction between carbon and TiO2 and type of surfactant. The objective of this research are synthesise volume fraction of 0.1% C - TiO2 hybrid nanofluid with 15ml of distilled water and study the effect of weight fraction between C and TiO2, type of surfactant and ultra-sonication time to the stability of hybrid nanofluid. Weight fraction between C – TiO2 will be varied at 0% - 100%, 10% - 90%, 50% - 50%, 90% - 10% and 100% - 0%. Different ultrasonication time will be used which are 1, 3 and 5 hours to determine the optimum ultrasonication time for the hybrid nanofluid. Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and Triton X-100 will be added into hybrid nanofluid to determine the effect of surfactant to the stability of hybrid nanofluid. The morphology and particle size characteristic of TiO2 and carbon powder is evaluated by using X-ray diffraction and FESEM. It is shown that TiO2 has particle size of around 30nm while carbon powder used is flat shaped. In this research, two steps method is used to synthesise the hybrid nanofluid. After mixing the two powder together, it will be mixed with distilled water by magnetic stirring for 3 hours. Then ultrasonication is included in synthesise of hybrid nanofluid to prevent agglomeration of particles. The pH values of each hybrid nanofluid is measured by using pH meter. Two stability evaluations are carried out which are centrifugation and zeta potential measurement. Centrifugation is carried out right after hybrid nanofluid is done ultra-sonicated for 30 minutes at 2000 RPM. Hybrid nanofluid that is ultra-sonicated for 3 hours resulted to achieve highest stability with highest value of zeta potential of -21.8 mV. 100% C - 0% TiO2 hybrid nanofluid has the highest zeta potential measurement of -37.6 mV. Finally, for type of surfactant, SDS able to enhance stability of hybrid nanofluid more than Triton X-100. The zeta potential of hybrid nanofluid after addition of SDS reached -47.0 mV which is higher than Triton X-100 which only achieve zeta potential measurement of -24.3 mV.

Hybrid Electric Vehicles: A mini Overview

The present greenhouse effect and its arrays of limitations on energy sources have made Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV’s) a current research focus due to its reduced amount of fuel usage. The ability to simultaneously deliver power to the wheels from the mo-tor/engine made HEVs to have greater advantages (less fuel consumption and reduced internal combustion engine size without compromising the power output) over the tradi-tional vehicles. Despite its low patronage in markets, there is still hope that its popularity in the market will rise due to the superior qualities associated with it. This paper presented an brief review of Hybrid Electric Vehicles, by focusing on history, architecture and energy sources.

Morphological changes of ZnO nanostructures upon addition of Trisodium Citrate (Na3C6H5O7) at different reaction temperatures

Due to its interesting physical and chemical properties, zinc oxide (ZnO) is considered one of the front runners of numerous metal oxide semiconductors. In this paper, ZnO nanostructure are synthesised by hydrothermal method with trisodium citrate (TC) as the emulsfying agent. The mean diameetr of ZnO nanostructure are observed with increment of reaction temperature. The mean size results into no change to mean diameter upon increment of reaction temperature but the cumulative frequencies of size distribution showing ZnO nanostructure synthesised in higher temperature to have narrower size distribution. The addition of TC also results into much smaller ZnO nanostructure with mean diameter 8nm

Morphological changes of ZnO nanostructures upon addition of Tannic Acid

Due to their potential as a good semiconductor, Zinc Oxide nanostructures (ZnO) have received abundant of interest. In this analysis, ZnO nanostructures are synthesized by a hydrothermal process that uses a green method of synthesis completely aided by Tannic Acid (TA). The mean diameter of ZnO nanostructures are observed to increase with addition of TA due to the aggregation that occurred from the influenced of acidic medium. The morphological properties are discussed based on the TEM images which indicated the average size of 8nm for ZnO NPs and 18-23nm for ZnO-TA nanostructures obtained, respectively.