Case Study: Denmark Alternative Education Fostered by Support Mechanisms Cultivated Through the History of the Common People

2007 ◽  
pp. 95-114
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Education ◽  
Common People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Shifting characterizations of the ‘Common People’ in modern English retranslations of Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War: a corpus-based analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Jones
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Peloponnesian War ◽  
Common People ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Little research has yet explored the impact of (re)translation on narrative characterization, that is, on the process through which the various actors depicted in a narrative are attributed particular traits and qualities. Moreover, the few studies that have been published on this topic are either rather more anecdotal than systematic, or their focus is primarily on the losses in character information that inevitably occur when a narrative is retold for a new audience in a new linguistic context. They do not explore how the translator’s own background knowledge and ideological beliefs might affect the characterization process for readers of their target-language text. Consequently, this paper seeks to make two contributions to the field: first, it presents a corpus-based methodology developed as part of the Genealogies of Knowledge project for the comparative analysis of characterization patterns in multiple retranslations of a single source text. Such an approach is valuable, it is argued, because it can enhance our ability to engage in a more systematic manner with the accumulation of characterization cues spread throughout a narrative. Second, the paper seeks to move discussions of the effects of translation on narrative characterization away from a paradigm of loss, deficiency and failure, promoting instead a perspective which embraces the productive role translators often play in reconfiguring the countless narratives through which we come to know, imagine and make sense of the past, our present and imagined futures. The potential of this methodology and theoretical standpoint is illustrated through a case study exploring changes in the characterization of ‘the common people’ in two English-language versions of classical Greek historian Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War, the first produced by Samuel Bloomfield in 1829 and the second by Steven Lattimore in 1998. Particular attention is paid to the referring expressions used by each translator—such as the multitude vs. the common people—as well as the specific attributes assigned to this narrative actor. In this way, the study attempts to gain deeper insight into the ways in which these translations reflect important shifts in attitudes within key political debates concerning the benefits and dangers of democracy.

The Birth of Democracy

1957 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
Christopher Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Modern World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Modern Democracy ◽  
Common People ◽  
Considerable Difficulty ◽  
Democratic Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Revolution

The origins of modern democracy are so closely bound up with the history of liberalism that it is a matter of considerable difficulty to disentangle them and to distinguish their distinctive contributions to the common political tradition of modern Western culture. For this question also involves that of the relation between the three revolutions, the English, the American, and the French, which transformed the Europe of the ancien régime, with its absolute monarchies and state churches, into the modern world. Now all these three revolutions were liberal revolutions and all of them were political expressions of the movement of the European enlightenment in its successive phases. But this movement was not originally a democratic one and it was only in the second half of the eighteenth century that the democratic ideal was clearly formulated. On the continent of Europe the revolution of ideas preceded the political and economic revolutions by half a century, and the revolution of ideas was not in any sense of the word a democratic movement; it was the work of a small minority of men of letters who looked to the nobles and the princes of Europe rather than to the common people, and whose ideal of government was a benevolent and enlightened absolutism, like that of Frederick the Great or the Empress Catherine of Russia. There was an immense gulf between the ideas of Voltaire and Turgot, of Diderot and D'Alembert, and the opinions of the average man. The liberalism of the philosophers was a hothouse growth which could not be easily acclimatized to the open air of the fields and the market place.

Bearing Witness

2018 ◽  
pp. 184-217
Author(s):  
Santana Khanikar
Keyword(s):  
State Of Exception ◽  
Oral Histories ◽  
Common People ◽  
Bearing Witness ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Indian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common

This chapter discusses conflict and violence in Lakhipathar, over a period of two decades, drawing on oral histories from the people of Lakhipathar. Listening to the narratives of past sufferings here has worked not merely a tool to know what happened to the narrators in the past but it also gives a key to analyse why and how they live in the present. Apart from offering evidence towards the larger argument of the work, this part of the book has also aimed towards opening a conversation on some buried and forgotten moments in the history of the Indian state that resemble what could be called an Agambenian ‘state of exception’. The dense narratives give a picture of the collaboration and deceit, revenge and violence, suspicion and fear in war-torn Lakhipathar and how the common people negotiated their ways through these.

Francisco de Combés’s History of Mindanao and Jolo (1667)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. Rodríguez-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
Common People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common

In this excerpt from his history of the southern Philippines and of the efforts of the Jesuits to convert its inhabitants, Francisco de Combés (1620–1665) paints a sensationalist image of the religious life of Mindanao, emphasizing the supposed atheism of the common people and the practice of sorcery by their Muslim rulers. The heroic Jesuits operating out of the Spanish settlement of Zamboanga struggle with the volatile politics of the Islamicate south in their heroic efforts to bring Christianity to people that they misrecognize as “moors.” Ana M. Rodríguez-Rodríguez places the text in the context of Spain’s troubled relationship with Mindanao.

The Secular Appropriation of Hasidism by an East European Jewish Intellectual: Dubnow, Renan, and the Besht

2004 ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
Robert M. Seltzer
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Common People ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
East European ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
European Jewish ◽  
The 19Th Century

This chapter studies the role that Hasidism played in the thought of the modernized Jewish intelligentsia of Eastern Europe toward the end of the 19th century. Simon Dubnow played a pivotal role in the emergence of this new image of Hasidism. In his autobiography, Dubnow describes in some detail the influence on him at that time of Leo Tolstoy and Ernest Renan. The influence of Renan's History of Christianity is quite evident in the structure of Dubnow's History of Hasidism as well as in some of Dubnow's solutions to problems of interpretation. Like Renan, Dubnow opened with a discussion of the social and intellectual background of a movement that can be traced to a founder known only for a long time through oral sources which retained the character of legend or saga. Applying Renan's statement that such pious biographies have a historical core, Dubnow stripped the life of the Baal Shem Tov, as recorded in the Shivhei ha-Besht, of its supernatural elements to reveal a simple, humble man who loved nature, especially the forests of the Carpathian mountains; a man who had immense affection for the common people and disdain for the proud, aloof scholars of his time and who preached a lofty doctrine of religious pantheism and universal brotherhood.

The Constitutional Theories of Thomas Paine

1946 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Meng
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Industrial Capitalism ◽  
Common People ◽  
Thomas Paine ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
The Common

The latter half of the eighteenth century was a period of tremendous social, political, and economic fermentation. Much of our contemporary civilization was shaped by the forces released during those five decades. Frenchmen, Englishmen, and Germans of great ability and deserved renown had written and were writing of the rights of man and of the citizen. More than ever before in the history of the modern world thought was being given to the lot of the common people. In America, and later in France, Thomas Paine epitomized this liberal intellectual trend in words that have been adopted as classic expressions of the inherent value of the human personality.Unfortunately, the phenomenal growth of industrial capitalism during he nineteenth and twentieth centuries caused the new bourgeois ruling classes to lose sight of the basic human values stressed so emphatically by the eighteenth-century intellectuals.

scholarly journals PesantRen Rakyat: Perhelatan tradisi kolaboratif kaum abangan dengan kaum santri Pinggiran di desa sumberpucung kabupaten Malang Jawa timur

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mufidah Ch
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Education ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Common People ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Cultural Movement

<div class="WordSection1"><p>Pesantren is Islamic education base and the oldest Islamic tradition inheritance in Indonesia. As an alternative education institution which is known as opened publicly, that not all people can access this institution because of cultural and psychological obstacles for people who has special needs. While in the fact, people’ intention is getting higher towards this Institution. This research aims to describe people’s pesantren as the base of collaborative-cultural movement between common people (abangan) and santri in order to change black-world tradition into people-based santri tradition. Through field research or case study using social definition paradigm-qualitative method, observation data collecting technique, interview and documentation, this research reveals that pesantren al Amin is a collaborative cultural realm which is very effective in making common people and santri from poor-marginal area into people-based performance of santri, local wisdom–based with multy strategic- approach of empowerment as sunan Kalijaga’s preaching model in spreading Islam in Java island. Pesantren merupakan basis pendidikan Islam dan pewaris tradisi keislaman tertua di Indonesia. Sebagai lembaga pendidikan alternatif yang dikenal terbuka, namun tidak semua masyarakat bisa mengakses pesantren yang disebabkan hambatan kultural dan psikologis bagi kelompok masyarakat yang berkebutuhan khusus. Sementara animo masyarakat terhadap pesantren sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendiskripsikan pesantren rakyat sebagai basis gerakan kultural kolaboratif antara kaum abangan dengan kaum santri pinggiran, sehingga dapat</p></div> <p>mengubah tradisi dunia hitam (maksiat) menjadi tradisi santri ala kerakyatan. Melalui penelitian lapangan dengan metode kualitatif berparadigma definisi sosial, menggunakan metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, hasil yang diperoleh adalah bahwa Pesantren Rakyat al-Amin merupakan medan budaya kolaboratif yang cukup efektif dalam menyantrikan kaum abangan dan santri pinggiran-miskin ala kerakyatan, berbasis kearifan lokal dengan pendekatan pemberdayaan  multi strategic, sebagaimana model dakwah Sunan Kalijaga ketika menyebarkan Islam di Tanah Jawa.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>

scholarly journals Delay in Justice is an Indicator in the Promotion of Terrorism: A Case Study of Swat

2020 ◽  
Vol V (Winter 2020) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Hashmat Ali ◽  
Nazim Rahim ◽  
Aziz Ur Rehman Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Judicial System ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Common People ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Common ◽  
Short Span ◽  
First Time ◽  
Death Cases

The pre-merger judicial system of Swat was famous for speedy justice. Even death cases were solved in days. The people of Swat expected the same judicial system from Pakistan. Civil as well as criminal cases take long time for decision with no guarantee of fairness. Maulana Sufi Muhammad raised voice for Islamic Sharia for the first time in 1990. For the sake of Islam and speedy justice the common illiterate people of Swat supported the movement of Sufi Muhammad called TNSM. It was banned after accepting some of their demands. In 2004 another movement named TTP (Swat faction) appeared andgot control of most of the areas of Swatin a short span of time. The clerics of TTP preached their own version of Islam on FM channels and loud speakers. Imposition of Islamic laws and speedy justice were the main points of their agenda which inspired the common people of Swat and Malakand region.

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