Coastal changes of the Black Sea and Sea of Marmara in archaeological perspective

2006 ◽  
pp. 651-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Özdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Coastal Changes ◽  
Archaeological Perspective

Nutrient distribution in the Bosphorus and surrounding areas

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Okuş ◽  
A. Aslan-Yilmaz ◽  
A. Yüksek ◽  
S. Taş ◽  
V. Tüfekçi
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Northwestern Shelf

As part of a five years monitoring project “Water Quality Monitoring of the Strait of Istanbul”, February-December 1999 nutrient dynamics of the Black Sea-the Sea of Marmara transect are studied to evaluate the effect of discharges given by deep disposals. Through a one-year study, upper layer nutrient concentrations were generally under the effect of northwestern-shelf Black Sea originated waters. This effect was strictly observed in July, when the upper layer flow was the thickest. On the other hand, partly in November but especially in December the northwestern-shelf Black Sea originated water flow was a minimum resulting in similar concentrations in both layers. Nutrient fluctuations also affected the chlorophyll a and POC concentrations as parameters of productivity. The nutrient concentrations decreased with the effect of spring bloom and highest chlorophyll a values were detected in November at Strait stations that did not match to the Sea of Marmara values. This fact represents the time-scale difference between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara. On the contrary, high nutrient concentrations in the lower layer (especially inorganic phosphate), and therefore low N:P ratios reflect the effect of deep discharge. Vertical mixing caused by meteorological conditions of the shallow station (M3) under the effect of surface discharges resulted in homogenous distribution of nutrients. Nutrient concentrations of the stations affected by deep discharge showed that the two-layer stratification of the system did not permit the discharge mix to the upper layer.

scholarly journals First record of the Combtooth Blenny, Microlipophrys adriaticus (Steindachner & Kolombatovic, 1883) (Pisces, Blenniidae), for the Italian Ionian Sea

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tiralongo ◽  
R. Baldacconi
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Limited Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mediterranean

Microlipophrys adriaticus (Steindachner & Kolombatovic, 1883) is an endemic blenny of the Mediterranean Sea. It is also known from the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. However, unlike other species of combtooth blennies, M. adriaticus is a fish with a limited distribution in Adriatic Sea, especially in the north, where it can be common. We report here the first record of this species from the waters of the Ionian Sea.

Nephtyidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Sea of Marmara and Black Sea, with descriptions of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5060 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-64
Author(s):  
SEVGI KUŞ ◽  
GÜLEY KURT ◽  
MELIH ERTAN ÇINAR
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Sea Coast

The present paper deals with the diversity of nephtyid polychaetes (Nephtyidae) from the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Three species belonging to two genera (Micronephthys and Nephtys) were found in the Black Sea (coast of Turkey) and six species belonging to three genera (Inermonephtys, Micronephthys and Nephtys) were found in the Sea of Marmara. The material includes two species new to science, Inermonephtys turcica n. sp. and Nephtys sinopensis n. sp., and a species record (Nephtys kersivalensis McIntosh, 1908) new to the Sea of Marmara’s marine fauna. Nephtys sinopensis n. sp. is mainly characterized by having 1–4 geniculate chaetae in the postacicular position of the parapodia; digitiform antennae, palps, and ventral cirri at chaetiger 1 with swollen tips; small and cirriform branchiae present from chaetiger 4 to the end of the body; poorly developed parapodial prechaetal lamellae in median and posterior chaetigers and long ventral cirri along the body. Inermonephtys turcica n. sp. is mainly characterized by having cushion-like palps with digitiform tips; well developed neuropodial postchaetal lamellae; barred chaetae in preacicular position of the anterior and median parapodia; and branchiae first appearing between chaetiger 3 and 13 (depending on body size).  

scholarly journals ANALYZING FLOW ENERGY POTENTIAL OF THE BOSPHORUS STRAIT

2018 ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Mehmet Özturk ◽  
Cihan Sahin ◽  
Yalcin Yuksel
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Flow Energy ◽  
Strong Current ◽  
Layered Flow ◽  
Current Flows ◽  
Current Energy

Ocean currents represent a potentially notable, currently untapped, reservoir of energy. The regions with strong current velocities such as narrow straits connecting two water bodies exhibit high current energy (power) potential especially where the water depths are relatively shallow (EECA, 2009). The Bosphorus, connecting the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara, is a typical narrow sea strait that generally exhibits a two-layered flow pattern: the upper layer current flows south towards the Sea of Marmara while the underlying current flows in opposite direction towards the Black Sea (Yüksel et al., 2008). The predominant mechanisms for the upper and lower layer flows are the higher water level of the Black Sea and the denser water of the Sea of Marmara, respectively.

Benthic community structure of the Bosphorus and surrounding area

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Uysal ◽  
A. Yüksek ◽  
E. Okuş ◽  
N. Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Current System ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Other Hand

Spatial and temporal distribution of benthic communities around the Strait of Istanbul (Bosphorus) and the effect of lower layer discharge on these communities have been evaluated during studies between FebruaryÐDecember 1999. Mytilus galloprovincialis was the dominant species with fasies at the Black Sea station that is not affected by the strait lower layer current system. On the other hand, another Black Sea station, influenced by the strait lower layer currents, has a similar biota to the strait stations. Species richness and diversity is highest in the strait than other areas. The dominant species is Maera grossimana. However, the station located at the Black Sea exit of the strait has a different biota, and various groups/species appeared to be dominant. Melinna palmata is the dominant species at the Sea of Marmara during the study period. Low dissolved oxygen values of lower layer and soft substratum of sediment resulted in wide distribution of Melinna palmata, adapted to these conditions. The closer stations to the strait in the Sea of Marmara have higher diversity as a result of hydrodynamic processes. On the other hand, coastal stations with low currents and inputs have lower index values, showing the negative effect of discharges and pollution.

scholarly journals THE NUMERICAL MODELLING OF THE EFFECT OF OCCURRENCE DURATION ON THE WATER LEVEL DIFFERENCE FOR THE BOSPHORUS STRAIT

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Mehmet Nuri Ozturk ◽  
Yalçın Yüksel
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Surface Elevation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Solution Technique ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
First Case ◽  
Layered Flow

The straits connecting two large water bodies show highly strong and stratified currents related to meteorological, morphological and hydrodynamic conditions. The Bosphorus is a long sea strait connecting the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara. There is a two layer current system in the Bosphorus, which is largely determined by conditions at the Black Sea. The upper layer flows from the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara caused by decline in surface elevation between the Black Sea and Sea of Marmara. The lower layer flows in opposite direction caused by the density difference which is due to the difference in salinities. In this study the effect of occurrence duration of water level difference (Δh) on the Bosphorus current structure was modelled using a three dimensional hydrodynamic modelling approach. The approach is based on an unstructured flexible mesh and uses a finite volume solution technique, which provides an optimal flexibility while retaining an efficient numerical solution. The meshes are based on linear triangular elements. An uniform rectangular channel which has simple geometry compare with Bosphorus was used for modelling. The channel has Bosphorus average values in dimensions. It is 900 m in width, 32,000 m in length and 64 m in depth. The constant salinty bondary conditions were described at the open bondaries corresponding Marmara and Black Sea boundaries and no water level difference as initial surface elevation. Using k-ε turbulence choice and hydrostatic pressure assumption, the two different occurrence duration for the same increase at the water level difference were modelled. In the first case the increasing of the duration for the water level difference described shorter than the second case. The model results show that, in the first case one-layered flow becomes dominated whole the channel flow, on the other hand in the second case two-layered flow persisted.

Morphology and Late Pleistocene-Holocene Sedimentation of the Strait of İstanbul (Bosphorus): A review

2021 ◽  
pp. SP523-2021-48
Author(s):  
M. Namık Çağatay ◽  
K. Kadir Eriş ◽  
Zeynep Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Submarine Fan ◽  
Sedimentary Succession ◽  
Muddy Sediments ◽  
Lacustrine Facies ◽  
Irregular Topography

AbstractThe Bosphorus (Istanbul Strait) is natural strait that connects the Black Sea with the Aegean Sea via the Sea of Marmara and Dardanelles Strait. It is a 31 km long and 3.5 km wide winding channel, with an irregular bottom morphology. It has depressions up to -110 m deep, and two sills with depths of -35 and -58 m in the south and north, respectively.Presently, a two-layer water exchange exists through the strait, with the Mediterranean and Black Sea waters forming the lower and upper layers, respectively. The Bosphorus channel extends as shelf valleys on the Black Sea and Sea of Marmara shelves. However, it operated as a river valley or an estuary during the stadial low-stand periods.The infill sedimentary succession of the Bosphorus channel is up to ∼100 m thick above the Palaeozoic-Cretaceous basement with an irregular topography. The oldest sediments are sandy to muddy fluvial-lacustrine facies of late Pleistocene age, which are preserved only in up to -160 m-deep scoured depressions of the basement. They are overlain by mid-late Holocene estuarine-marine shelly sandy to muddy sediments with patches of bioherms and shelly lag deposits.The Bosphorus outlet areas of the Black Sea and Sea of Marmara are characterized by a submarine fan and a shelf valley, respectively. The fan system in the Black Sea started depositing ∼900 yr after the initial vigorous marine water incursion at ∼8.4 14C kyr BP. On the Marmara shelf, extension of the Bosphorus channel is a sinuous shelf valley with a channel-leveé complex, which was deposited by the Black Sea outflow during the 11-10 14C kyr BP. Catastrophic floodings of the Sea of Marmara by torrential Black Sea outflows during the Greenland Interstadial melt water pulses, as well as the strong Mediterranean current towards the Black Sea during the interglacial periods, were responsible for carving the Bosphorus channel and the shelf valleys, as well as removing the sediments belonging to the earlier periods.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document